Staphylococcus aureus in the nose - an infectious disease that is characterized by the active reproduction of staphylococcal pathogens in the human nose, so that there is an inflammatory lesion nasopharynx.
STATISTICAL DATA
The nose of adult, and more precisely on the surface of its mucosa is always present some harmless species of the bacterium. A variety of bacteria, which is most dangerous for humans is the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is in contact with the nasal mucosa starts an active process of reproduction, poisoning organism infected human toxins, leading to the development of numerous inflammatory processes.
disease statistics:
- Only 5% of the world population have such immunity, wherein the nasal mucosa is completely clear from the data conditionally pathogenic bacteria.
- The number of permanent carriers of the bacterium is about 20%.
- 60% of people in their lifetime at least once became carriers of opportunistic pathogens.
- Most carriers of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are health professionals.
- Nasal form of the disease is diagnosed in 99% of newborns.
- Staphylococcus aureus has a very high resistance to environmental effects. The bacterium is not killed under the influence of hydrogen peroxide, but are killed by the action of the paints anilino group.
- The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus provokes the development of more than 100 hazardous human diseases.
Causes and symptoms
The nose Staphylococcus aureus is formed mainly due to severe disorders in the mechanism of the body's defense system.
Factors affecting the development of infection:
- Severe hypothermia.
- Difficult period of acclimatization and insufficient adaptation to the new conditions.
- Treatment of infectious diseases simultaneously ongoing antimicrobials, which are in the form of drops.
- Wrong choice of antibiotic agents in the treatment of diseases.
People who frequently use the means that contribute to a narrowing of blood vessels in the nose, part of the main risk group for golden Staphylococcus, and under constant nervous stress, disorders of mental and emotional state and stress the probability of infection - maximum.
Also, the disease can begin to actively develop after contact with mucous membranes of the nose of a large number of pathogenic bacteria (in contact with the patient), as well as the use of common items with an infected person, and hygiene products.
transmission path:
- Airborne.
- Contact-household.
- Alimentary.
- The artificial.
- Airborne dust.
Symptoms of Staphylococcus aureus in the nose are most often a constant runny nose (rhinitis), and difficulty in breathing process.
symptoms:
- Isolation of secretion of mucus as a clear at the beginning of the disease, which in the course of developing the disease becomes thicker due to impurities pus.
- Abrupt change in voice - he becomes nasal and hoarse.
- The sharp jump in body temperature to 38, and sometimes up to 39 degrees.
- The appearance of ulcers and redness of the skin in the area around the nose.
- Loss of the opportunity to experience the smells.
The disease is characterized by a constant breathing mouth, which often leads to insomnia and, as a consequence of this condition, a high irritability.
Symptoms as specific diseases:
- Sinusitis: nasal congestion, bad cold, chills, severe tooth and headaches, edema of the eyelids.
- Front: severe weakness and increased fatigue, frequent dizziness, unbearable headaches.
- Atrophy of the nasal mucous membranes: strong feeling of itchiness and dryness.
Diseases provoked by Staphylococcus aureus
After the symptoms of Staphylococcus aureus and its spread throughout the body following diseases can occur.
Among the most frequent complications occurring diseases of the nasal cavity, such as rhinitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and sinusitis.
Other frequently occurring diseases:
- Laryngitis.
- Bronchitis.
- Osteomyelitis.
- Pneumonia.
- Pyoderma.
- Acute food poisoning.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
To cure staph in the nose, the self-diagnosis is not enough. The first symptoms of the disease - a reason to turn to a specialist. Only laboratory tests can be a 100% chance to determine the presence in the human body dangerous bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in the nose.
Diagnostic Methods
- Microscopic smear taken with the nasal mucosa.
- Meat-broth.
- Plain agar.
- Blood agar.
- Salt Agar.
- BAK-seeding.
- Antibiotikogrammy.
All of these methods detect the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the human body, and also help to accurately determine which antibiotics are most stable with the bacteria.
Antibiotics to which bacteria exhibit resistance:
- Teicoplanin.
- Methicillin.
- Penicillin.
- Vancomycin.
Due to the fact that before Staphylococcus aureus treated only with penicillin, bacteria have developed a special enzyme that breaks down molecules of antibiotic - penicillinases.
The nose aureus in adults treated mainly by antibiotic drugs after the obligatory antibiotikogrammy.
Treatment:
- washing the nasal cavities with antiseptic solutions;
- erythromycin and tetracycline ointment for the nose;
- burying the nose oily solutions;
- immunomodulating therapy;
- surgical dissection with antiseptic treatment of ulcers;
- drops with moderate vasoconstrictor function;
- antihistamines;
- complex vitamins and minerals;
- anti-staphylococcal immunoglobulin and plasma;
- toxoids.
For the treatment of staph in the nose in pregnancy (which antibiotic agents are contraindicated) antistaphylococcal use bacteriophage that has a wide range of applications (from local to iv).
It should be remembered that the bacterium can be deadly for humans, however any traditional methods for the treatment of this disease are not allowed. Lack of timely and consistent with physician treatment can cause sepsis, coma and death!
PREVENTION AND FORECAST
Do Staphylococcus aureus is dangerous - a question that medicine has long had a positive response and has developed a whole range of preventive measures, compliance with which will reduce the risk of being exposed to this infectious disease to almost zero.
The main thing - is the observance of rules of personal hygiene and prompt treatment of any infections and colds.
Whenever possible, you should avoid any contact with patients with staphylococcus, and health care workers Recommended compulsory vaccination and strict adherence to the rules of the diagnosis and treatment infected.
It should also be taken with extreme caution antibiotic and antimicrobial agents.
To counter the emergence of any signs of Staphylococcus aureus need constant strengthening of the immune system - vitamin, healthy lifestyle, physical exercises.
If at least one of the family members got infected, all living with him must undergo a mandatory laboratory diagnostics for the presence of bacteria.
Of the most important preventive measures can be distinguished reception of healthy food and a complete rejection of bad habits.
In adults, symptoms of the disease in the nose have been held for a week after the start of treatment. If treatment is accompanied by procedures aimed at strengthening the protective function of the body, the disease is completely cured for 10-14 days. Recurrences are rare. Working capacity is fully restored.
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