Anemia

Macrocytic anemia: treatment, symptoms, causes, ICD10, hyperchromic

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Macrocytic anemia - a hematologic syndrome, in which red blood cells are increased in size, and hemoglobin in blood decreases. For the development of this pathological condition causes a variety of reasons. It definitely needs to be treated to prevent the development of dangerous complications.

Increasing the red blood cells (anemia view)

Causes of

Macrocytosis is often hereditary diseases that can be transmitted from mother to child. The circulation system is interrupted, resulting in an increase in size of the erythrocytes and accelerate their decomposition.

The risk group includes patients:

  • abuse of alcohol;
  • having a genetic predisposition to the syndrome;
  • wrong or defective feed;
  • Pregnant women who have broken the understanding of basic elements;
  • suffering from liver diseases.
Abusing alcohol

The reasons for the development of macrocytic anemia include:

  • frequent bleeding;
  • metabolic disease;
  • lack of transferrin;
  • congenital deficiency of iron in the blood;
  • infectious diseases;
  • Malignant neoplasms of the liver;
  • goiter;
  • lack of vitamin B12, copper, folic acid;
  • hypothyroidism;
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  • bowel disease;
  • pregnancy;
  • leukemia;
  • hepatitis;
  • malabsorption of vitamin B12;
  • hemodialysis;
  • hemolysis (erythrocytoschisis);
  • toxic liver damage.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Any form of anemia characterized by different signs that depend on the degree of disease severity. Macrocytic anemia accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • headache;
  • tinnitus;
  • palpitations;
  • abdominal pain;
  • sleep disorders;
  • fatigue;
  • reduced pressure;
  • shortness of breath after a small load;
  • pale skin;
  • brittle nails and tarnish;
  • pale lips and a bright red tongue.
Heartbeat

Moreover, at such disease can be observed burning tongue, enlarged spleen. Symptoms of disease are mild, so anemia is detected only after the diagnosis. The presence of the syndrome evidenced by the results of general blood analysis, which are shown enlarged size of red blood cells and increased their rate of decay.

The doctor examining the findings, diagnoses, but it can refer the patient to a number of other studies:

  • Analysis of urine;
  • bone marrow biopsy;
  • immunohemilyuminestsentny blood test;
  • analysis on folic acid uptake.

To exclude a malignant tumor, the doctor often appoints gastroscopic study or fluoroscopy.

Treatment

With the development of macrocytic anemia treatment of this disease should be aimed at eliminating the causes that caused it. This pathology often develops on the background of endocrine diseases and cancer.

anemia therapy includes:

  • Correction of the diet. The patient is allowed to eat meat products, eggs, liver, milk and nuts. Necessarily on the menu include vegetables and fruits. They contain large amounts of trace elements and vitamins needed to maintain normal blood formation. Bring benefit broths hypericum and rosehip.
  • Reception of drugs in patients with severe folate deficiency and cyanocobalamin. Use multivitamin complexes containing iron, which is required for normal hematopoiesis.
  • Conducting blood transfusions. Blood transfusion is carried out in severe the degree of anemia in a medical facility for the elimination of clinical signs.
correction of diet

Treatment involves the use of painkillers and hemostatic agents, agents that promote the formation of blood, oxygen therapy.

In addition, a patient administered a drug Cyanocobalamin. It is recommended to take 1-1.5 months. The dosage prescribed by the physician, as drug has many side effects. After a course of treatment make a break, and then continue taking the drug. If anemia is hereditary, then take medication for life.

what threatens

If macrocytosis innate, rather than acquired, then this disease can not be cured. Doctors prescribe therapy to maintain the patient's health. If the violation is acquired, the timely access to specialist enables cure this disease quickly. But often this pathology is diagnosed in the late stages of development.

Anemia is dangerous because of the insufficient supply of oxygen is observed degeneration of organs and tissues. This pathology often occurs against a background of severe disease, leading to the development of dangerous complications. If anemia developed in a pregnant woman, it can endanger her health and the health of the unborn child.

To reduce the risk of developing such a disease, you need to eat right, to limit the consumption of alcoholic beverages, and regularly monitored by a doctor.

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