A tumor of the adrenal glands. Symptoms treatment of folk remedies, drugs

Symptoms of adrenal tumors appear more frequently in women, due to various factors. With timely diagnosis of the disease for the patient's prognosis.

The structure of the adrenal glands and the production of hormones

The adrenal glands are a pair of human body, which is located just above the kidneys. They belong to the endocrine system. Adrenal glands consist of only two layers of fabric - cortex and medulla. The first is colored yellow, the second - red-brown.

In the cortical layer can be divided into 3 zones: glomerular, and the beam-mesh. 3 first generates a hormone responsible for regulating the level of sodium in the blood and the water-salt exchange. The second produces cortisol and cortisone. These hormones are responsible for the immune system and the body's metabolism.

Mesh area needed to produce androgenic hormones. They are responsible for the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics in humans.

Brain layer is divided into several zones. It produces adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones are responsible for the regulation of all systems in the human body. The most pronounced effect they have on the nervous, cardiovascular and digestive system.

Hormonally active tumor

adrenal tumors (symptoms in women can be manifested only in the advanced stages) may be hormonally active. Normally paired organ in a stressful situation stimulates the enhanced functioning of the cardiovascular, digestive and excretory systems. This increases the production of sweat, blood vessels dilate, quickens the heartbeat.

With the dramatic rise of stress hormones in the blood suspected of formation of hormonal activity of the tumor, which even at rest increases the number up to the critical exponents.

These types of tumors are considered dangerous because often provoke complications of the organs and systems, and in most cases are malignant. These include aldosteroma, corticosteroma, androsteromy and other types of tumors.

A hormonally inactive tumor

Inactive adrenal tumors most often diagnosed in female patients. They are almost always benign, do not lead to an increase or decrease in the level of hormones. These tumors include lipomas and fibroids, and fibroids.

However, such tumors are also dangerous because they are diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the risk of degeneration of the cells appear malignant. The tumor may be localized in the brain or cortex pair body.

classification of tumors

Depending on the degree of danger of the formation of isolated benign and malignant. The first are small, rarely provoke complications, long time did not appear. The second developing rapidly, can reach a large size and lead to the spread of metastasis.

In addition, experts classify tumors depending on the location on the ones that are located in the medulla and tumors localized in the cortex. The medulla usually develop ganglioneuroma and pheochromocytoma. In the cortex found corticosteroma, aldosteroma and androsteromy. In the cortex of the adrenal tumors occur less frequently than in the brain.

Classification by physiological pathologies

Depending on the physiological disorders that develop as a result of the adrenal tumor, several types of pathology can be identified:

• Neoplasms, provoking disorder of water-salt metabolism in the body of the patient, there are quite often difficult to treat.
• Tumors that lead to breakdown by the metabolic processes. At the same time in different patients different symptoms depending on the individual characteristics of the organism.
• Pathology of the adrenal glands, in which the notes masculinizing effect, it is considered a rare species.
• Neoplasms, provoking a feminizing effect, ie increase the number of female sex hormones in the body of the patient. For women, this tumor is not as dangerous as men.
• Tumors that lead to the appearance of symptoms of the multiple internal organs and systems. Such formations are common, making it difficult to diagnose.

Experts identify other types of tumors, but these are the most common. In each case, determine the type of the disease to help the most severe symptoms.

Causes of adrenal tumor localization, stage of development

adrenal gland tumor (symptoms in women help to identify the type of pathology) may be caused by the spread of metastases in the formation of the hearth in the other internal organs.

But there are other reasons:

• Congenital thyroid disease, adrenal and pituitary glands.
• Hereditary predisposition to such diseases.
• Chronic liver disease and urinary organs.
• Uncontrolled hypertension.
• Frequent stressful situations that trigger the violation of the metabolic processes and the internal organs.
• Adverse working conditions, professional activities related to regular contact with hazardous substances.
• The lack of vitamins and minerals in the diet.
• Lack of regular exercise.
• Alcohol abuse, long-term smoking.
• Prevalence in diet products containing harmful fats.
• Regular intake of hormones.

Inflammatory renal diseases may also cause the development of tumors, which is associated with an increased likelihood of the propagation of the adrenal glands.

aldosteronoma

Neoplasm in most cases, localized to the cortical glomerular zone pair body. It is in this zone is produced by aldosterone. When the tumor in this region of the adrenal glands the patient says about increase in blood pressure that can not be reduced with the help of potent drugs. In addition, there is a strong thirst and intense work of sweat glands.

Later joined by symptoms of the musculoskeletal system, manifested in the form of muscle weakness and seizures. In many patients there is an increase of the daily amount of urine.

Glyukosteroma

Glyukosteromu in medicine also called corticosteroma. In 70% of the tumor is benign, localized to the cortical layer, namely in the area of ​​its beam. At the same time there is an increase in cortisol levels in the blood and the development of Cushing's syndrome. Most often diagnosed in women of reproductive age.

Patients talk about reducing the amount of subcutaneous fat in the legs and arms with a simultaneous increase in the folds of the abdomen, chin and back of the neck. Skin becomes dry, marked slowing of tissue regeneration processes. In some women, the syndrome has become one of the causes of diabetes.

An additional feature is considered lethargy, decreased blood pressure with the simultaneous development of arrhythmias. Almost all patients note worsening of sleep, memory and decreased concentration.

Kortikoestroma

Adrenal tumor that is malignant and the most dangerous. Symptoms in women are very rarely occur in the initial stage and the tumor itself is atypically low weight, which in advanced cases does not exceed 100 g Neoplasm provokes enhanced production of estradiol and estrone, is very difficult to treat and is progressing rapidly.

Most often diagnosed in men, but women can also suffer from this type of disease. Thus in male patients the symptomatology is expressed, there is the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics of female type. If kortikoestroma affects women, it can only be detected by ultrasound, as manifestations almost always absent.

Androsteroma

Neoplasm localized in the net area of ​​the cortical layer, which leads to increased androgen levels in women. In this tumor is difficult to treat, and in a woman's body changes occur. Her voice becomes coarse, and the muscles grow. In addition, there is a disorder of the menstrual cycle, until the complete cessation of menstruation.

At advanced stages marked decrease in breast, clitoral enlargement and pathological increase in libido.

pheochromocytoma

Tumor affects adrenal medulla and 90% are benign.

However, it leads to increased levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which can cause serious complications.

The clinical picture can occur in paroxysmal mixed and permanent shape. In the first scenario, you experience the symptoms of a hypertensive crisis. In the second - elevated blood pressure, but his jumps are absent. When a permanent form symptomatology kriza present continuously, blood pressure surges impair the patient and provoking deterioration of other organs.

Mielolipoma, lipoma

Similar formations are very rare, experts separated from other organ tumors paired as myeloma and lipomas may comprise particles of red bone marrow. Localized tumors in different parts of the adrenal glands, in most cases they are benign.

Diagnose the disease in its early stages is almost impossible, because there are no symptoms. Only in some cases, the patient speaks about violations of the heart and blood vessels.

It should be noted that any type of tumor develops in several stages, if they are malignant. Upon detection of benign tumors, doctors rarely emit any level of their development.

1. stage 1 - the tumor is small, which does not reach 0.5 cm, no symptoms.
2. stage 2 - neoplasm increased to 1 cm, but does not affect the closely spaced bodies.
3. stage 3 - tumor size increased to 5 cm, intoxication symptoms appear, swollen lymph nodes.
4. stage 4 - metastases spread into adjacent organs, tumor size is significantly increased, its removal is impossible at this stage.

The symptoms of benign and malignant tumors of adrenal glands in women

Benign neoplasms rarely provoke severe symptoms, however diagnosed at a late stage by means of ultrasonic diagnostics. But malignant tumors paired organs can lead to various disorders. Symptomatology depends on the type of pathology.

There are symptoms that are present in any type of education:

• The change in blood pressure rates in one direction or another.
• Violation of fat metabolism and fat deposition in unusual places for women.
• Impaired wound healing in the skin.
• Disorders of the heart, manifested in the form of arrhythmia and tachycardia, the deterioration of the myocardium.
• Menstrual disorders.
• Infertility.
• changes in libido.
• muscle growth, characteristic of men.
• Changes in voice.
• The deterioration of the skin, dryness.
• Hair loss, and their appearance on the face, which is not typical for women. When this happens baldness male pattern.
• Increase the risk of fractures due to bone fragility.
• Muscle weakness and decreased performance.

Some patients noted frequent urination, as well as in the field of kidney pain associated with the strengthening of their work.

Diagnostics

adrenal gland tumor (symptoms in women are different depending on the stage of the disease) can be diagnosed by means of instrumental and laboratory examination methods.

laboratory methods

Additional laboratory diagnostic methods secrete most informative and easy to hold, allowing to immediately receive the result.

Method	Description
General and biochemical analysis of blood	The standard diagnostic method to identify common disorders and disorders of the kidneys, heart, blood vessels. Blood is drawn from a vein and sent to a lab, where research.
Blood analysis to identify the level of adrenaline and noradrenaline	Allows you to exclude or confirm the presence of pheochromocytoma is a tumor that affects the levels of these hormones.
Diagnosis of daily urine to determine the free cortisol and aldosterone	Another standard method for suspected adrenal tumor, helps to clarify the diagnosis and determine the degree of organ damage.
Venography study or blood from the veins of the adrenal glands	The blood from the veins of the adrenal glands may contain specific components that have not yet detected in the systemic circulation.
Test with captopril	Before taking blood from a vein of the patient receives a single dose of captopril or its analog, whereupon the biological material carried fence and its research on hormone level.

After receiving the results of laboratory diagnostics specialist appoints additional instrumental examination.

instrumental methods

Ultrasound and MRI can distinguish among the instrumental methods. The first method helps identify the tumor, whose size exceeds 0.5 cm. The specialist determines its location, shape, and mentions the possibility of injury to adjacent tissue.

MRI is considered to be more modern and informative method, as it helps to get a layer-image tumors, even when its size is below 0.5 cm. At the same time the doctor sees all the details, form and location, as well as violations of other organs. Ultrasound is usually performed first, followed by magnetic resonance imaging, which refines diagnosis.

Conservative treatment of tumors

Drug treatment is carried out only at the initial stage when the tumor is benign and hormonally inactive. In this case, the assigned set of products that allow you to stop the symptoms and improve the patient's condition.

It is worth noting that most of the medicines are aimed at the normalization of heart rate and blood pressure:

• atenolol - a drug which lowers the heart rate by reducing myocardial oxygen demand. This helps to improve the patient's condition and prevent deterioration. Assign tool courses for 10-20 days with daily use 1 tablet morning and evening.
• Nitroglycerine - a popular means which is used for hypertensive crisis and the appearance of the symptoms of angina. The drug dilates blood vessels, reduces the load on the heart. It is necessary to use during exacerbation of symptoms, dyspnea and palpitations 1 tablet dissolving to dissolve. The tool is not used for course admission.
• enalapril - hypotensive medication used with regular increase in blood pressure indicators. Appointed courses for 2 weeks with daily use of 1-3 tablets, depending on the performance of BP. Many patients take the drug on a regular basis.

  

In some cases, a treatment with the radioactive isotope that destroys tumor cells, and even metastasis. After penetration of the drug into the systemic circulation reaches the lesion, and begins to be active. Efficiency means proved, but in advanced stages it does not bring results.

operative intervention

adrenal gland tumor (symptoms in women can be manifested already at an advanced stage) in most cases treated by radical way, that is with the help of surgery. Absolute indication for cancer detection operation will be active or hormonal large tumors.

Today intervention may be cavitary, that is done through a standard scalpel incisions in the abdominal wall. But easier and safer considered laparoscopy. The method to remove a tumor by administering a laparoscope minimal incisions on the abdominal wall.

This reduces blood loss, reduced recovery period and decreases the likelihood of tissue damage that exists with abdominal surgery. Both types of intervention are carried out under general anesthesia. After that, the patient is at least 10 days under observation.

After removal of the appointed course of chemotherapy and hormonal treatments. Often remove the tumor and part of the body that has been affected, but in some cases a radical resection with the removal of the entire adrenal gland. If a malignant neoplasm, closely spaced further removed lymph nodes.

Recipes of traditional medicine

Some recipes of alternative medicine to help alleviate the patient's condition. They can not be used as the sole method of treatment, and before the start of the course medical consultation is required.

Infusion of mulberry fruit is considered a good way to eliminate the symptoms of intoxication. It is necessary to prepare 100 g of fruit and 1 liter of boiled water, at least 30 minutes. Thereafter, the resulting structure divided into 4 pieces and consume throughout the day. Repeat the procedure every day for 2 weeks.

Infusion lungwort dosage may be prepared from 1 h. l of dry raw material, and 300 mL of boiling water. After 20 min. infusion is ready for use. Take a day must be 300 ml, duration of the course - 10 days.

A decoction of the leaves of a geranium - a powerful tool for the treatment of adrenal glands. 400 ml of water need several small shredded leaves, which should be boiled for 3 minutes. Thereafter filtered and receiving means 50 ml 3 times a day for 10 days.

Blackcurrant leaves are also used for medicinal decoction. In 2 liters of water need to 10 g of fresh leaves that must cook for 30 minutes. Ready means to filter and to consume 100 ml of 2 times a day. Duration of the course - 10 to 14 days.

Prognosis and complications

If untreated, tumor metastasis can provoke spread into adjacent organs. In addition, its size may be increased so that the operation can not be performed. A frequent complication is heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, obesity.

In addition, complications can develop from any internal organ, as elevated levels of adrenal hormones causes a change in all the processes. Diabetes - a common complication that worsens the disease. In this case, the operation in the diagnosis of disease is fairly rare. The most dangerous consequence - death.

For patients who are found benign and hormonally inactive tumor, the prognosis is favorable. In most cases, conservative treatment is ineffective and is not required. Then the doctor just regularly examines the patient and watching the tumor.

When hormonally active and malignant tumors prognosis in most cases unfavorable. Only 2% of patients survive after surgery. Most often death occurs some time after the operation due to various complications.

A tumor of the adrenal glands - a dangerous and common disease. Symptoms in women occur at different stages, depending on the type of pathology, and treatment should be timely and comprehensive, in order to avoid complications.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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