Withdrawal bleeding - an artificial uterine bleeding that occurs due to the cancellation of hormonal, in particular, contraceptive drugs. It occurs within 7 days after the course of hormonal preparations. It creates the illusion of menstrual cycle phase.
In 10% of women adapt while taking hormonal contraceptives may last up to six months. More 5% - bleedings occur after the expiration of reception of medicines. Effect of drugs on the organism depends on the individual woman and the level of estrogen and progesterone concentrations in the blood.
The causes of the phenomenon
Bleeding while taking the contraceptive pill - a common phenomenon and is due to the abrupt change in hormonal levels in a woman's body. You should know that such bleeding - the result of the body's adaptation to sudden hormonal changes that occur during the first weeks of receiving the respective drugs.
The concentration of the hormone estrogen in the blood increases during ovulation when the egg is released from the ovarian follicles. If conception egg in the agreed period of time has not occurred, the estrogen level falls, and increases the concentration of another hormone - progesterone. Due to its exposure to the rejection process takes place in the endometrial layer of the uterus. This results in bleeding, is called menstruation.
Modern oral contraceptives contain a small part of the dosage of active substances, and to carry out their welcome is necessary in life. If you stop taking the drugs before the appointed time, the doctor, the natural level of hormones in a woman's blood will not change, and the result will be ineffective. In addition, it can lead to complications.
uterine bleeding do not reduce the contraceptive effect of the drug. Slight separation of blood can not be a barrier to intimacy, if personal hygiene is observed for both partners.
In case of problems with the gastrointestinal tract, especially diarrhea hormone concentration is reduced due to insufficient absorption into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls. This factor is a common cause of bleeding.
Simultaneous treatment with antibiotics and drugs which affect the nervous system, along with hormonal agents is undesirable. You can not use herbal teas or other liqueurs with St. John's wort, as the chemical composition of the plant affects the processes of blood coagulation.
Upon receiving the main depot contraceptives take oral contraceptive for 63 consecutive days, followed by a break in 7 days.
In cases where there are difficulties in the selection of oral contraceptives, the complex therapy. This measure is aimed at reducing pathogenic oral contraceptive action through the appointment of special drugs. Selection of medicines next doctor appointment independent reception without specialist disabled.
At the beginning of the reception
Breakthrough bleeding occurs at the initial stage of hormonal preparations due to hormonal imbalance. Most often this is a normal phenomenon, which is characterized as a response of the organism to changes in hormonal background of the woman's body.
If there is a need to avoid the discharge, the break in the 7 days prior to receiving the contraceptive pills can not do, and start to drink before the appointed time.
If the bleeding lasts from the early days of taking the drug and for 6 months, then you need to visit the doctor. Complications with the duration - pathology and diagnostics needed to determine the causes of bleeding. Often recommend tapering medication or cancel it altogether.
When drugs abuse receiving circuit when the set time has not drunk tablet taking double daily dose.
In the end
Most of the contraceptive pill is designed to receive a course of 21 days. Once assigned a break of 7 days. In this period of time and we have to start bleeding.
If within this period the breakthrough uterine bleeding has not started, there is no need to wait. It is necessary to continue the re-admission of medicines prescribed by a specified period of time.
Monthly allocation, that always started on time in most women after discontinuation of the drug recovered in 2-3 months.
If after the end of the adaptation period there bleeding or spotting, the choice of medication was incorrect. You need to see a gynecologist and find a more suitable contraceptives. Dose adjustment or replacement contraceptive medication is carried in the identification of such symptoms during the reception of the assigned drug.
If too heavy bleeding
Breakthrough bleeding, similar to menstruation, may occur due to the rejection of the endometrium of the uterus. This is the result of the influence of progesterone. It occurs when the contraceptives there is not enough estrogen, relieves blood loss. If heavy bleeding continues 5-7 days, you need to visit a gynecologist, because it is a critical sign of failure of hormonal background of an organism, which can lead to complications.
Pathological uterine bleeding considered when blood allocation indications exceeds 60-80 ml. If you need to change tampons or pads occurs every 1.5-2 hours, then it is a sign of abundant secretions, and need to see a doctor. Bleeding that lasts for more than 6 days - a deviation from the norm.
Uterine bleeding that occurs after intimacy, frequent bleeding several times during the month, thick and viscous discharge - signs of the disease. Pathology may be accompanied by side effects: fatigue, loss of appetite, deterioration of the general state of health. Dizziness, dyspnea, fever, pallor, reduced hemoglobin levels in the blood.
Abundant uterine bleeding also may occur because of gynecological diseases. These include endometriosis, fibroids, cysts ruptures, adenomyosis, fibroids, uterine injury and even tumors. Also, a number of gynecological diseases not flow can cause spotting: a violation of the thyroid gland, high blood pressure, diseases that affect blood clotting. Therefore, the appointment of hormonal drugs require blood tests.
How to stop bleeding
When the opportunity to see a doctor is absent, and bleeding symptoms at admission (OK) are severe, then take a double dose of a prescribed hormonal medication. The best option - to take 1 tablet in the morning and 1 - in the evening, it will stop the withdrawal bleeding.
In case of severe uterine bleeding with the deterioration of the general state need to call an ambulance. Prior to her arrival, the patient is necessary to provide a confinement to bed, put a pillow or cushion under your feet. On the lower part of the stomach to make something cold, such as ice from the freezer, wrapped in several layers of fabric. This will lead to a narrowing of blood vessels and reduce blood loss a little. Provide plenty of drink: to drink tea with sugar to replenish blood glucose.
Do not place any objects on the warming stomach - it accelerates inflammation. vaginal douching can not be done because of the possible increase in bleeding. Prohibition - to take any bath, especially hot water, resulting in deterioration of patient's condition.
To stop uterine bleeding in some cases used medications. Receiving frequency, duration and number of medications prescribed by the physician after the spent diagnostics organism:
- Etamzilat or Dicynone. Drugs with the same working principle, which enhances the development of thromboplastin and affect the permeability of blood vessels. As a result of increased blood clotting and bleeding persists. Administered intramuscularly.
- Aminocaproic acid. It reduces the spontaneous dissolution of blood clots, which affects the decrease in the intensity of blood loss. Administered intravenously, oral administration available in tablet form.
- Oxytocin. Administered intravenously with glucose. It affects the intensity of muscle contractions of the uterus, a hormonal agent, and is used during labor. Increased muscle tone of the uterus reduces the blood loss. The drug has a lot of side effects, so it is used after collecting detailed patient history.
- Menadione, vitamin K. It fills a deficiency of vitamin K, which affects blood clotting. Imposed on persons with excessive bleeding, not only in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The effect is achieved after 10 hours; medicine is not administered in cases of emergency.
- Calcium gluconate. Calcium reduces the permeability of blood vessels, which leads to an improvement in blood clotting. Applied to strengthening state of blood vessels, are not used as an emergency measure.
Prohibited from taking medicines on their own - because such actions can be complications and worsen the overall condition of the patient. Only a specialist with the appropriate specialized education shall be entitled to appoint a medication after data collection and diagnosis of the general state of the organism.
