JUB (juvenile uterine bleeding) are of inorganic nature bleeding occurring at puberty. Juvenile bleeding often arise because of the delay at monthly violations ovarian interactions with the endocrine glands. When this amount exceeds the norm secretions during menstruation, and in the absence of treatment to blood loss added symptoms such as pale skin, dizziness, chronic fatigue, a feeling of weakness etc.
Causes of
JUB possess polyetiological origin and appear due to many factors, both external and internal. The most common cause of bleeding in the juvenile girls - disruption of the reproductive system in the making monthly cycle. As a result of this disturbance varies concentrations of estrogen and progesterone, which becomes a cause of uterine bleeding. Factors that trigger the appearance of juvenile uterine bleeding:
- blood disorders (including von Willebrand disease-Diana);
- heredity;
- excessive exercise;
- severe emotional distress and regular stress (problems at school, quarrels with parents or peers, etc.);
- vitamin imbalance in the body;
- chronic and acute infectious disease;
- disruption of the endocrine system;
- abnormal liver function.
JUB depend on the physiology of a teenage girl. In the medical field, there are three kinds of violations:
- giperestrogeniey: occurs most often in children with psychological immaturity and the excessive physiological and sexual development;
- normoestrogennaya: occurs in young women and adolescents with normal development and underdeveloped uterus;
- gipoestrogeniya: with this kind of violations faced by girls young age with good mentality, who are poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics.
Classification and forms
According to the degree of blood loss, there are three species of juvenile uterine bleeding in adolescents:
- metrorrhagia - develops in the absence of menses scanty and does not have cycles;
- menorrhagia - when this species bleeding menstrual cycle is not disrupted, but blood loss lasts longer than 7 days and 80 ml / day;
- polimenoreya - menstruation cycle remains, but lasts no longer than 3 weeks.
Experts have found that with JUB often faced by children whose mothers suffered from infectious diseases during gestation.
Clinical manifestations
JUB occur in the time interval from the first month and the next two years. Signs of:
- high or low blood pressure;
- Systematic vertigo;
- constant feeling of thirst;
- pale skin;
- fatigue and fatigue;
- mood swings;
- blood separation observed in the interval between periods;
- cycle lasts less than 3 weeks;
- selection last longer than 15 days;
- profuse blood loss lasts longer than a week.
If you suspect that JUB should pay attention to the duration, extent and cyclical bleeding. In the presence of ailments and abnormalities should seek professional help.
Diagnostics
Sometimes it is extremely difficult to distinguish menstrual flow from JUB, and accurately diagnose the problem is only capable doctor. The main diagnostic technique:
- patient survey allows to reveal the presence of congenital or chronic conditions;
- the study of history;
- visual inspection, by which to identify deviations puberty (breast size, the presence of vegetation pubic and axillary recesses);
- blood tests for hormones to determine the level of estradiol, prolactin, progesterone, FSH and LH;
- US.
After stopping the bleeding is necessary to go further:
- ultrasonography of the adrenal and thyroid gland;
- secondary ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
- EEG;
- X-rays of the skull;
- CT of the brain;
- echoencephalogram.
To confirm / exclude the diagnosis should consult an oncologist, neurologist, endocrinologist and hematologist.
Treatment
If excessive bleeding should call an ambulance. Additionally, you need to take the following measures:
- adolescents need to take a horizontal position;
- on the lower abdomen should be put for 10-15 minutes with ice bag wrapped soft towel;
- the child must be provided in the form of excessive drinking sweetened tea or water;
- desirable to give the girl 1 tablet or a capsule of vitamin C.
To doctors should be treated, even if the bleeding has stopped on their own. Timely diagnosis and pathology therapy would avoid negative consequences.
When juvenile bleeding in adolescent girls treatment is carried out in two stages.
To begin, the doctor aims to stop the bleeding. If pathology runs hard, the classical means to stop the blood can be ineffective. In such situations assigned by receiving hormonal therapy of estrogen and progestogen.
If the bleeding was stopped, the prescribers to stabilize the menstrual cycle. At the same time preparations are selected depending on the causes of violations and characteristics of the patient body.
Furthermore, girls may be administered to patients vitamin complexes, physiotherapy and special schedule of physical activity. At this stage, the physician also draws attention to the psychological state of the patient. Sometimes repeated JUB observed after stress.
If the bleeding is life threatening, then the appointed surgery in which the uterus scraped. Thereafter scheme selected medication.
The average treatment period - 12 months. During this period, the menstrual cycle is established, and violations will no longer occur.
Complications and consequences
JUB in girls can cause anemia and related complications. In severe cases of anemia affects many systems and organs, which constitutes a threat not only to health. but for the life of a teenage girl.
Untimely and improper detachment of endometrial tissue can cause inflammation of the uterus, which is fraught with the development of tumors, endometriosis and cysts, which can cause infertility.
Therefore, for any deviation should be referred to a doctor.
prevention
The reproductive and genital systems formed by girls at an early age. After the child's birth parents not only need to constantly monitor his hygiene, but also to teach a healthy lifestyle and the regime of the day. A balanced diet, rich in vitamins and beneficial trace elements, regular walks in the street and reasonable physical activity - it will allow the child to develop properly and to prevent many gynecological pathology.
In addition, for the prevention of juvenile uterine bleeding in girls should promptly treat viral and infectious diseases, and to visit a gynecologist regularly.
Mom have to inform your daughter about menstruation importance. Also, it is desirable to follow this process before the end of puberty.
For the first time an appointment with a gynecologist of the child should be conducted during the first month.
Then to gynecological consultations should be treated every six months until maturity.
The menstrual cycle affects the child's body weight. Care should be taken that the child was not over- or under-weight. If necessary, it is possible to further consult with a dietician on this issue. Specialist will select the teenager supply scheme will help to get rid of body weight disorders, and to prevent the re-occurrence of juvenile bleeding in the future.
In addition, mothers should discuss with their daughters questions, explaining the danger and consequences of early sexual relations.
Puberty is individual for each child, so you should not self-medicate and try to solve the problem on their own JUB. It is better to refer to a medical specialist, which identifies the deviation and prescribe appropriate therapy
