Roseola in children. Symptoms image, it looks like the initial stage of treatment. What is it, doctors' recommendations

Roseola in children (sudden rash, psevdokrasnuha sixth disease or three-day fever) is a viral disease that appears in early childhood (6 to 24 months). Rarely get sick teenagers or students, and adults. The pathology is accompanied by characteristic symptoms. The pediatrician will tell you how to deal with it and prescribe effective treatment.

What is roseola

Roseola (psevdokrasnuhu) it is important to correctly diagnose because the symptoms are similar to an allergic reaction, or SARS. The patient's body temperature rises, there are signs of intoxication and skin rashes.

The causative agent of disease is a herpes virus (Herpes virus 6).

After the birth of the child's body receives antibodies from the mother to 4 months but their quantity decreases. The child becomes susceptible with respect to various infections and others negative factors.

At 3 years of age the immune system of a child's body becomes stronger and can withstand viral pathologies, preventing the aggravation of diseases.

Roseola in children often occurs in the period from 6 months to 3 years. Pathogens are transmitted by airborne droplets. The second time the child is not sick, because after 3 years formed a strong immunity to roseola. Establish an accurate diagnosis can help a pediatrician, who also pick up the necessary treatment to the child.

types of roseola

Given the international classification of diseases (ICD-10), roseola - is a viral infectious pathology. It affects the mucous membrane and skin.

In medicine distinguish some types of roseola in children:

Title	Description
simple	sharply raised body temperature; in 30% of cases of febrile convulsions occur; Body noticeable skin rash after the decline of temperature; 3 days after infection, swollen lymph nodes; there are problems with stool (diarrhea). Over time skin rashes become pale. The incubation period lasts 5-10 days. Pathogenic bacteria to enter the body of the child by airborne droplets. Repeated simple roseola are rare.
Peeling (pink rosea)	Viral hemorrhagic vesicles point or erythematous spots appear in the mouth. Next, they spread throughout the body. The temperature in most cases, absent. Eruptions occur in the tonsils are red and bluish tint, but they do not prevent the child swallowed. Pain is absent.

Hospitalization is required if the child has high fever, and he is in serious condition. The body does not respond to supportive therapy. In most cases, pink rosea flows easily. You can do without treatment and hospitalization.

Stage and grade of roseola

Roseola in infants (symptoms appear several days after infection), it is not always accompanied by the classic symptoms. It all depends on the stage of development of pathological processes. The individual characteristics of the child's body is also important. Sometimes the child's body is only present when a rash roseola.

stage	Description
Grade I	The first stage of roseola characterized by a high body temperature in the child (38 ° C and above). Together with fever occur intoxication symptoms (fatigue, drowsiness, irritability). The child's appetite deteriorates. Symptoms appear in the background of the disease, but because of the increase in body temperature. A few days later it joined roseola additional features: red, swollen eyelids; increased occipital and submandibular lymph nodes; It swells the mucous membrane in the nose and throat; a large amount of mucus or lays the nose; rashes appear on the baby's skin (spots or blisters), which often affect the soft palate or tongue. The temperature in most cases lasts no more than 4 days. When the fever disappears, the second stage of roseola in children.
Grade II	Bodily rashes appear after 5 hours. (Days) after the temperature subsided. It is about the spot diameter is not more than 5 mm. Skin rashes pink or red are irregular, fuzzy edges. If you press on the rash, they become pale. Release stains acquire original appearance. No swelling, no peeling rash on the surface. The spots do not merge into a single entity and not scratched. The peculiarity of the rash is its gradual appearance. First spot formed on the body, after 3 hours. on the face, then on his hands, feet and neck. For 5 d. they are stored, then slowly disappear. After them, the skin is clean, there is no pigmentation or desquamation.

Roseola virus in children and is characterized by a direct relationship between the appearance of spots and a decrease in the lymph nodes. When the rash appears on the skin, they are reduced. After 5-7 days, the lymph nodes are completely restored in size, and can not be felt.

Given the course of the disease, the following types of roseola:

1. Typical.
2. Atypical.

Pathological processes cause a sharp rise in temperature, which is reduced to 4-5 days.

Atypical roseola is more common in children after 3 years. Characterized by common symptoms, including not only high temperatures, but also the weakness, poor appetite. Child is sick for 4 days, after which his condition stabilized. The virus continues to live in his body, but the repeated recurrence unlikely, because the immune system has produced antibodies.

symptoms of roseola

The first signs of pathology in children appear 1-2 weeks after infection.

Roseola is characterized by the following symptoms:

1. Sharp temperature rises (to 38 ° C and above). After 3-5 days it subsides.
2. Skin rashes occur after temperature. We are talking about multiple spots or plaques. Sometimes they are flat, have a pink tint. The rash affects the stomach, back, chest, then moves to the upper and lower limbs, face, neck. Symptomatic treatment is required in some cases, but most rashes go away.
3. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck (swell).
4. There is pain in the throat area.
5. Mild form of roseola in children accompanied by a runny nose and cough.
6. The child becomes tearful.
7. Reduced appetite, and weight is reduced.
8. Numb limbs.
9. Swollen eyelids.

In rare cases, a mild form of disorder accompanied by pathology stool (diarrhea), nausea, disorders in the digestive system. Timely diagnosis of the disease and correctly chosen treatment will prevent serious complications.

Causes of roseola

The first signs of viral disease (rash) appear several days after contact with an infected person. He is a danger to others while holding the high temperature, and a few days after her disappearance. When the patient sneezes and coughs, bacteria are deposited on the surrounding objects (toys, blankets, clothing, towels).

So roseola virus enters the body of a child healthy. Precipitating factor that promotes the growth of pathogenic microorganisms is weak immunity. The incubation period for roseola lasts from 5 days to 2 weeks.

Protective antibodies to the child receives breast milk immediately after birth. In the first 9 months of their level decreases, the baby is exposed to viruses and bacteria, which increases susceptibility to disease.

There are certain pathogenic mechanisms that trigger the appearance of rashes on the skin:

Title	Description
Virus	Pathogenic microorganisms spread throughout the body along with the blood.
abnormal reaction	Rash or spots on the body caused by the problem of interaction between the agents of disease and immune system cells. So roseola appears at children against rubella.

Roseola in infants (symptoms may occur after exposure to certain situations with an adult who is sick with herpes) occurs only once. After full recovery of the immune system produces antibodies to help re viral disease relapse completely excluded.

Against the background of roseola (herpes type 6) increases the likelihood of chronic fatigue syndrome. At risk are children who have a disease of the immune system. With cancer or HIV pathologies roseola runs hard. Light, its shape does not last more than 10 days. During this period, it is important to properly care for the child, to add vitamins to the diet.

diagnosis of roseola

Determine the cause of the development of pathological processes and establish an accurate diagnosis will help to further tests. Pediatrician takes into account the patient's complaints, examining skin rashes (determines the type, shape, number, location of spots characteristic associated symptoms and skin changes).

Laboratory research:

Title	Description	Price
Polymerase chain reaction.	Examine spinal fluid for enteroviral RNA detection.	300 p.
Serological blood tests.	The results show elevated levels of antibodies that the immune system has developed to combat the disease.	500 p.
Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid.	Diagnosis is assigned a suspected lesion pathogens spinal cord or brain, their membranes. By means of the puncture in the patient take a small amount of material from the spinal canal.	250 p.
Polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcriptase.	It allows you to identify common genetic areas and many viruses.	300 p.
General blood analysis.	The results show the development of leukopenia and relative lymphocytosis (lymphocytes high level). Also increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.	300 p.
Ultrasonography (ultrasound) of the abdominal cavity.	If you have symptoms suggestive of an enlarged spleen and liver.	650 p.

If necessary, to obtain the most useful information for children with roseola designate further echocardiography, electroencephalography, chest x-ray and ophthalmologic examination.

When to see a doctor

Therapy roseola in children engaged pediatrician.

It is important to consult a specialist if the following pathological changes arose:

• fever in a child keeps longer hours;
• rash persists after 3 days;
• the child is weak and his apathy to the world around them;
• appetite is getting worse every day.

Roseola in infants (symptoms may not appear immediately, but after a few days after the body's infection) requires the help of a pediatrician, especially if the young patient a weak immune system. High temperature provokes serious complications when the child's body is not able to resist the pathological processes.

Light rise in temperature, which lasts more than 7 days, should also alert parents and cause them to seek medical attention. Sudden and unexpected deterioration, as the appearance of febrile convulsions requires emergency care.

Prevention roseola

Help prevent illness classic recommendation of pediatrician:

• nutrition, which should be a large number of products with vitamins and minerals;
• Conduct daily routine;
• hardening of the child's body;
• should dress for the weather, to prevent overheating or overcooling.

If a child is ill, it is important to isolate him and carefully observe the condition to prevent deterioration of the crumbs. After undergoing roseola in children formed a life-long immunity to the virus. Vaccine against sudden exanthema have not yet developed.

Therapies roseola

In most cases, the disease runs a week on their own, but a full recovery parents should keep in mind the recommendations of doctors and care for the child properly. It is important that pipsqueak rest more and drink plenty of fluids.

Drug treatment assigns pediatrician after careful examination and diagnosis based on the results. Self-medication in the case of children is unacceptable, since a high risk of causing complications.

Medications

Roseola in infants (symptoms of viral disease eliminate medication) in the majority of cases resolve spontaneously. Drug treatment requires consulting a pediatrician. It is important to adhere to appointments and to give the child medication strictly according to instructions in order to prevent the occurrence of side effects.

drug Group	Title	application	Efficiency
Antipyretics.	"Paracetamol", "Nurofen", "Panadol".	10-15 mg per 1 kg of 4 p. per day. The time interval between doses is 4-6 hours.	Drugs temperature decrease, eliminate pain and inflammation.
Antiviral.	"Acyclovir", "Zovirax".	At 20 mg / kg 4 p. a day for 5 d.	Viral kill pathogens.
Antihistamines.	"Suprastin" Tavegil ".	The maximum daily dosage of 2 mg / kg. Children 1-12 months 0.25 mL, 6.1 l. 0.5 ml, 6-14 liters. 0.5-1 ml. The medicine may be given tablets.	The drug has anti-allergic and antihistaminic action. Minimizes rashes and spots on the skin of the child.

In addition to traditional treatment it is important to respect the recommendation of pediatrician:

• give more fluid the kid;
• bedrest stick, especially if there is a high body temperature;
• ventilate the room to maintain optimal humidity.

Eliminate the symptoms of intoxication helps glucose. To stimulate the immune system immunoglobulins are assigned. Drugs are administered intravenously or intramuscularly. In addition, children are assigned vitamins for immune system support.

Traditional methods

Recipes sorcerers and healers to help eliminate skin rashes, promote early recovery of the child's body functioning. The treatment is applied after consultation with the pediatrician.

Title	Recipe	The use and effectiveness
Aloe juice.	Fresh leaves of the plant are ground to a pulp, strain through cheesecloth.	The juice is taken orally 1 tsp 3 r. per day. Mush is used for poultices.
Yarrow.	Dry grass (200 g) was crushed and pour hot water (3 L). Insist 40 min.	The solution was filtered and poured into the prepared bath. Water treatments are recommended for 30 minutes before bedtime.
Chamomile tea.	Dried flowers of the plant (1 tsp) pour boiling water (150 ml). Leave on for 5 minutes. Strain and give the child as a tea. If necessary, you can add honey or a small amount of sugar.	It helps restore the immune system, reduce inflammation and temperature. Chamomile is good at eliminating infection and skin rashes.

raw potato juice can reduce the skin rash. The product is clean, wash and grate. The resulting juice is applied on the affected area during the day 3 r. Pediatricians recommend bathing a baby with the addition of water celandine. It soothes the delicate baby skin and reduces the rash.

Other methods

Basic methods of combating roseola aim to reduce temperature and removal of intoxication symptoms.

It is important to provide the patient the most comfortable conditions:

• eliminate noise sources;
• undress the child, so as not to disturb the heat returns;
• maintain the room temperature within 20 ° C;
• every day to ventilate the room in which the child;
• do wet cleaning.

If the child has a high temperature, convulsions, it is recommended to lay it on its side. Keep hands and feet in order to prevent injury. After an attack to give antipyretic medication and call an ambulance.

possible complications

In most cases, roseola are treated as outpatients. Child hospitalized when he fell ill for the first time or pediatrician have suspicions on the development of sepsis.

It is important to monitor the condition of the baby, in a timely manner to prevent possible complications:

1. Febrile convulsions. The reason is the high body temperature. More common in children between the ages of 12 to 18 months. It lasted for several minutes. The muscles of the child's body are reduced, arms, legs and body trembling.
2. Big bulging fontanelle.
3. Inflammation of the brain membranes and compound (meningoencephalitis). Accompanied by severe headaches.

Pneumonia is a serious complication in the background roseola in children (Bacterial pneumonia). We are talking about children with chronic infections that have affected the organs of the respiratory system, or somatic pathologies.

Roseola in children, in most cases does not require serious treatment. It belongs to a group of diseases alone is permitted. In complex situations requires specially selected therapy to eliminate the unpleasant symptoms.

Videos about the symptoms and treatments of roseola in children

Dr. Komarovsky of roseola:

Fragment of the program "Live healthy" for roseola: