Hemangioma of the liver. What it is and treatment, folk remedies, diet, medication

From about 2 to 7% of world population is 30-50 years of age such as hemangiomas liver disease. This pathology is more common among women than men (ratio of 6.4 to 1), it is sometimes found even in infants.

What is a hemangioma of the liver?

Hemangiomas are benign in a vascular accumulations - dents endoterialnyh tubes which are separated by partitions from the fibers. There are generally isolated in liver tumors, which confirmed a pathology of the right proportion, than the left. Diagnosed size tumors ranging from 2 mm to 20 cm.

By type of surface hemangioma is divided into flat and hilly. The latter form is modified due to the presence of damage (hematoma) subcapsular character. In color, tumors differ from normal tissues that are rich red-blue color, highly visible in the background liver.

Placing the organ tumors can be of two kinds: on the basis of (a contact area of ​​the entire gland hemangiomas) or pedunculated (characteristic of tumors of large sizes). cases of degeneration of the liver tumors in cancer are not fixed in medicine.

Causes Liver hemangioma

The opinions of scientists about the causes of hemangiomas are divided:

• Some believe that this is an anomaly of vascular development, the mechanism which starts in utero fetal organs. In defense of this hypothesis is the fact that most people are unaware of the presence of host disease for many years. Usually the problem is detected during preventive examination or the treatment of other diseases randomly.
• Other experts attribute the illness to pathological processes that cause:

1. migrated infectious diseases of internal organs;
2. intoxication by toxic substances;
3. impaired blood flow in the system;
4. defects in the immune system;
5. metabolic disorders (metabolism).

To the alleged factors of the emergence and development of hematomas include:

• genetic predisposition;
• the tendency to form gemartom (tissue malformation);
• tumor development on the basis of abuse of steroids and hormones;
• endocrine disease;
• hormonal disorders.

Scientists have proven the existence of communication tumors growth while taking hormonal contraceptives.

Most liver tumors diagnosed cutaneous hemangiomas. Experts still have not figured out whether there is a connection between them.

Forms and symptoms

Hemangioma of the liver - it is a disease that is on the mind of origin is divided into two forms:

1. cavernous They have the form of assembled from several to tens of large cavities, which are surrounded by a sheath of fibrous tissue. This form is most commonly diagnosed.

   

2. capillary formations consist of a large number of small cavities, vessels containing portions. This form is difficult to identify because the tumor has a rather small size.

cavernous hemangioma

Signs of tumors depends on their size: the larger the benign tumor, the greater the symptoms. When the size of hemangiomas in diameter and 4 cm in 40% of patients have complaints.

If there is abnormality in the size of 10 cm, the number of patients with symptoms of increased to 90%. Although along with benign tumors are diagnosed in such cases other internal organs diseases.

Signs of cavernous hemangioma of the liver include:

• the appearance of jaundice complexion and mucous membranes;
• increase the hepatic gland size, which may be determined palpation method;
• indigestion processes such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention (bloating);
• pain aching on the right side of the body below the ribs;
• the emergence of a sense of pressure on the internal organs.

Pain in the liver may be caused by hemangioma thrombosis, hemorrhages while squeezing tumors of other organs. All these symptoms indicate the presence of changes in the structure of the liver, leading to its destruction.

capillary hemangioma

This form of pathology, as a rule, does not cause a person discomfort tolerated without symptoms. Identification of capillary hemangiomas occur by chance on routine checkups, it happens at the time of autopsy after death.

Fact accidental detection of the tumor can cause psychological discomfort only. Here it is necessary to adjust itself that the formation of benign and with it you can safely spend the rest of his days.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the presence of benign tumors is complicated by the fact that next to the liver may find other violations:

• carcinomas;
• nodular focal hyperplasia;
• angiosarcoma;
• metastases;
• adenomas;
• abscess.

If you suspect the presence of a benign tumor surveys are conducted:

• clinical samples of blood;
• hardware.

Lab tests

Hemangioma of the liver - it is a disease in which the blood of the general test results, urine and feces, as a rule, do not show abnormalities. only indicators, which show the state of liver enzymes can be divided into the general blood analysis.

Make themselves learn from the results of laboratory tests large hemangiomas that have come to light data indicating thrombocytopenia - low platelet violations blood clotting.

hardware diagnostics

Since no informative value of the results of blood tests is assigned a hardware diagnostics, including:

• Ultrasonography - one of the most accessible and traumatic methods. Tumors of the liver rather echogenic and viewed on the unit with a probability of 46%. However, the best results are obtained by Doppler (CFM), then the probability of detection of abnormalities increases to 69%.
• CT scan recommended to conduct special contrast agent, then the correctness of diagnosis is increased to 66%.
• Magnetic resonance imaging It shows better results when administered to a contrast agent. Reliability of data increases to 90%. Nuance studies is that small tumors up to 2 cm in diameter on pictures take the form of carcinomas or metastases (malignant entities), therefore, is likely to require additional studies MRI after 1-2 months (to detect in the growth dynamics formation).
• Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) - one of the latest inventions in the medical practice, which creates a three-dimensional image of the test body. The method is most effective at diagnosing hemangiomas, but not quite affordable because of the high cost and abundance. It gives the best results when the apparatus studies tumors up to 2 cm in size.
• arteriography helpful in identifying tumors by obtaining displacement hepatic arterial branches that are visible by stretching and filling level of vessels.
• Biopsy - an extreme method of diagnosis of benign tumors because of high probability of occurrence of bleeding at a fence biomaterial. It is recommended to use instead of a biopsy CT scan with magnetic resonance imaging. When both results will show the same picture of the disease, while only, if necessary, a biopsy is assigned.

medication

Most benign tumors of small size are asymptomatic and do not require therapeutic measures. According to research, only 1 person out of 47, an increase of hepatic hemangiomas glands in size, a few years after diagnosis of the pathology.

In 40% of observed patients with tumors grow at a rate of up to 2 mm per year. The fastest increase of hemangiomas occur in young people under 30 years of age, the slowest pace - in mature patients older than 50 years.

Revealed a pattern: the larger the degree, the slower it grows.

Physicians in identifying the liver tumor recommend hold retested 6-12 months after the first. If during this time there was an increase in the amount of education, then no further action is taken. When the tumor is increased, it is proposed in its observation dynamics until the occurrence of complaints to the patient.

Removal from the list of passive patients are:

• pregnant women;
• Patients who are treated with the help of hormones;
• people suffering from liver failure on;
• Patients with tumor diameter greater than 10 cm.

adults

Hemangioma of the liver - it is a disease in which all patients at risk are recommended for an investigation of internal organs 1 once a year. Until recently, there was no way to reduce hepatic hemangiomas with medication (conservative methods).

However, in Russia substance appeared since 2007 on which react tumor - sorafenib a drug that inhibits the growth of tumors (both benign and malignant).

Sorafenib is produced under tradenames and Sorafenib Nexavar-native in tablet form is adopted adults 2 tablets 2 times daily between meals. The treatment efficiency depends on the means. The cost of packaging is from 85000 rubles. for Nexavar, Sorafenib-native cheaper - the price of 57400 rubles. Sometimes used hormonal preparations for the treatment of hemangiomas of the liver.

However, it should be borne in mind that there are factors of influence on the growth and development of tumors, which include:

• use of steroids;
• conducting hormone replacement therapy;
• pregnancy.

Conducting hormone treatment should be under constant medical supervision therapists with control background binding of biologically active substances by laboratory markers.

children

In infants, a benign tumor in the form of hemangiomas are the most frequently occurring type of education. They occur in 6-10% of children under 1 year of age. In 80% of cases, tumors do not require treatment, and resolve on their own. 90% of young patients are tumor up to 10 years without a trace.

Most often diagnosed in children tumors on the skin, but are also seen on the liver. Pediatrician in this case assigns conducting observations of the tumor over time, that is, the study every 6-12 months, you can assign control hormones.

If the tumor is not growing in size, it is left as it is. When the tumors start to disturb squeeze other bodies appointed by the hormonal therapy in each individual case, based on the analysis of indicators.

Surgery (embolization)

The indications for surgery are:

• Tumor size of more than 5 cm.
• If hemangioma growth is observed in more than 50% in the dynamics of a year.
• At rupture of the tumor, followed by hemorrhage.
• Impossibility to differentiate tumors (benign or malignant).
• Adverse symptoms appear pressure on adjacent organs.
• There is a chance of infection the main venous arterial hepatic cancer (thrombosis with necrosis).
• In the case of replacement of the right lobe of the liver vascular hemangioma.

Hepatic arterial embolization is carried out if there is tumor gap with internal bleeding. The method allows to block the blood vessels using special device, introduced through a puncture in the abdominal cavity.

Once the bleeding stops, then apply 1 of surgery methods:

• hemihepatectomy - removal of the left or right lobe of the body;
• depending on the choice of number of segments of the liver may be used - tri-, bi-, segmentectomy;
• enucleation - removal of only the tumor, if the formation is located on the stem;
• wedge resection - cutting out the affected part of the body.

The advantage of the method when selecting the intervention primarily provides minimally invasive methods (gentle), to which the embolization and hardening. Such methods stops the growth of small tumors, although they remain until the end of human life.

sclerosing method is based on stopping blood flow to the body through the introduction of special puncture ferromagnets stopping tumor growth. Embolization is performed under local anesthesia using a special apparatus, wherein the artery is injected substance sealing the vessel tumors power ceases, it ceases to grow.

Contraindications to surgery are:

• cirrhosis of the body;
• pregnancy;
• placing neoplasms in two fractions gland;
• tumor invasion in the main vessels of the liver;
• if the patient remains continuously on hormone replacement therapy.

Surgeons still can not reach a consensus: whether to remove hemangiomas. Since complications due to discontinuities tumors occur in 3.2% of cases, and pathological consequences postoperatively observed in 7% of patients.

Diet for liver hemangioma

This disease is not a complication of liver hemangioma (this includes tumors of small size) does not require special diets or limitation of physical activity.

If a tumor is diagnosed large size or its growth is observed, the experts recommend:

• avoid injuries organ location area;
• not to drink alcohol;
• exclude smoking;
• minimize the amount of intake of medicines (if possible);
• not skip routine inspections.

Prohibited food at disease

First of all from the diet is necessary to remove products that contribute to the acceleration of bile flow:

• coffee;
• dark chocolate;
• carbonated drinks;
• alcohol;
• fatty meats;
• sea ​​fish;
• Vegetables that cause flatulence (cabbage, beans, sorrel, radishes)
• dairy products with high fat content;
• dishes prepared by the methods of roasting, canning, smoking;
• spicy seasonings.

Authorized products with hemangioma

In the correct power mode when detecting pathology includes:

• Fractional food 4-6 times a day;
• small portions;
• diet №5.

The patient menu should include foods:

• lean meat (beef, poultry);
• freshwater fish;
• fruits;
• easily digestible vegetables (cucumber, zucchini, carrots, beets);
• any cereals;
• low-fat dairy products;
• lean sausage (cooked);
• decoctions of dried fruits;
• olive oil;
• jelly;
• sweet preference should be given to honey.

Treatment folk methods

Hemangioma of the liver - it is a disease in which traditional medicine can have a positive effect in therapy.

Through the use of such methods can be achieved:

• reduce the tumor size;
• strengthen the immune system;
• withdrawal symptoms;
• bile production optimization;
• help the body recover after surgery;
• relieve inflammation from neighboring organs.

Possible methods of treatment with the methods of their use and efficiency are summarized in the table:

Method	Instructions for use	Effect
Tea mushroom	The drink is used 3 times a day.	Choleretic, anti-inflammatory, strengthens the immune system means.
Honey	Taken 1 hour. l. means to 1 tablespoon. water. The liquid is consumed on an empty stomach. Upon receiving about 15 min. you need to lie down on his right side.	Tonic, analgesic, purifying method.
Decoction of oat seeds	Part seeds glass filled with water and infused for about 9-10 hours. Infusion boil gently for about 30 minutes. Decoction should let stand for 11-12 hours. Followed by filter means, pour boiled with 1 liter of water. Drink a decoction of 100 grams three times a day for 7 weeks.	Cleanser, normalizing metabolism agent.
raw potatoes	Over 0.5 hours to eat food fasting need to 1 raw potato, carrot juice squeezed. It can be divided into a portion of receptions throughout the day.	Cleans blood, has choleretic reducing action.
Lime tea	Fasting drink for 1 st. tea. therapy takes 2 months.	Restorative effect, raises immunity, establishes the digestive process.
wormwood tincture	At day 3 times 12 drops of tincture is diluted in 1 tbsp. water. The solution was taken for 20 minutes. before meals. The course of treatment is 2 months. You can repeat it a month later.	Normalizes bile improves digestion.
Pumpkin, mint, milk thistle	200 ml pumpkin oil is mixed with 100 ml of milk thistle oil and 5 drops of peppermint ether. Accepted for 1 month. 1 tbsp. l. 30 min. before breakfast. The oil can cook yourself, if the present plant the seeds for 2 weeks.	The oily mixture was purifies the blood, has choleretic, reductive action.

Pregnancy and hemangioma

In the case of diagnosis of hemangioma in a woman before pregnancy, the risk of complications during gestation increases. Scientists believe that tumors of this nature and concentration of estrogen hormone surges cause the growth of formations. During pregnancy, treatment of disease is not carried out, it is shown only observation hemangioma.

However, women may experience symptoms:

• pain in the right side of the body below the ribs;
• nausea;
• abdominal distention (bloating).

The presence of benign tumors is not a contraindication to pregnancy. However, it should be scheduled after going to the doctor-therapist. Be wary of liver cancer tumors need to take hormones.

Possible complications and consequences

Complications of the disease occur in rare cases in the form of:

• tumor breaks (Contains 3.2% of the number of patients) - hemangiomas torn independently or through receipt traumatic blows to liver cancer, the consequences of which is the appearance of acute circulatory failure, bleeding in internal organs, which increases the likelihood of death to 80%.
• Inside the tumor bleeding It pointed to by the appearance of blood clots in the feces.
• Biliary neoplasms pinched, Arterial and venous blood vessels, which leads to metabolic disturbances, blood circulation.
• Provision of pressure on the stomach an obstacle to the release of his content. This pathology indicates a rapid feeling of fullness, which manifests itself even after a bite, nausea and vomiting.
• hematobilia - rare blood entering the intestine. In this case, there is a yellow color of the skin and mucous membranes, dark color of urine (as a tea), colorless feces.

Quite rare multiple tumors of large dimensions, which require surgical intervention.

Forecast

Such pathologies as hemangiomas of the liver has a positive prognosis of treatment in connection with the aspects:

• Until modern times, there is no information on the cases of degeneration of hemangiomas in malignancies.
• In the vast majority of patients the tumor is absolutely no negative effect on quality of life, that is, there was no restriction on the exercise, the ability to bear children, to choose a profession.
• Patients were treated with a course, speak of the therapy as well tolerated and does not cause complications.
• Health after surgery restored quickly and fully.

Among a variety of tumors are such as liver hemangioma - a formation with which people often live their entire lives without knowing about their presence. Doctors pathology attributed to a number of rare diseases, despite the fact that it occurs in 7% of the population.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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