product characteristics
Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic of the third generation. It relates to cephalosporins, it contains an active substance of the same name. Available in powder for injection. The drug has a crystalline structure, white or slightly yellow. One vial contains the active drug agent 1d. Treatment sinusitis ceftriaxone justified, since the drug has a broad spectrum of action and is used to eliminate many types of pathogens.
List of virulent microorganisms, which adversely affects the drug is quite large. Ceftriaxone inhibits the vital functions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Effect of the drug is destroying the cell wall of microorganisms that leads to their death. The medicament is equally effective for use in pediatric and adult patients for the treatment.
The drawback, according to the patient is that the medicine is used only in the injections and their introduction quite painful, as well as the presence of a large list of adverse reactions.
The drug is well absorbed by the body, accumulate tissues, body fluids, it comes quickly to the authorities. Its effect has been observed after 1.5 hours after administration. Ceftriaxone and the products of its metabolism for a long time are stored in the tissues and body fluids. The presence of the drug in the blood is determined one day after administration. The half-life of 9 hours, but in children and the elderly can significantly lengthen. When violations renal excretory function preparation tends to accumulate body.
Indications
Ceftriaxone is widely used in various kinds of infectious lesions caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
fighting drug effectively:
- pneumonia;
- bronchitis;
- lung abscess;
- pleural empyema;
- ENT - diseases;
- pathologies the kidneys and urinary system infectious genesis;
- streptoderma;
- meningitis;
- peritonitis;
- diseases of bone tissue.
The medicament is applied in the etiology of bacterial sinusitis moderate and severe flow. When inflammation of the sinuses use Ceftriaxone warns promotion rates are higher, as well as its distribution of blood throughout the body. A characteristic feature of the drug is its ability to reach high concentrations at the site of the lesion. Therefore, Ceftriaxone sinusitis contributes to the destruction of pathogens.
Usually, for the effective treatment of sinusitis doctor makes an individual selection of antibiotic. The medicine is selected as a result of bacterial inoculation test. Analysis indicates what kind of antimicrobials active least resistant pathogen. When the sinus applied Ceftriaxone drug in cases where there is no time to wait for the results of bacterial inoculation test, because treatment should be carried out urgently.
Contraindications
It is impossible to independently prescribe ceftriaxone treatment of sinusitis, as it relates to the strong antibiotic affecting the work of the organs and systems has a number of contraindications.
Sinusitis therapy of ceftriaxone can not be performed in patients with:
- dysfunction of the urinary system;
- liver failure;
- violation of the gastrointestinal tract;
- internal bleeding history;
- propensity to allergic reactions;
- tsifasprrinov intolerance.
The drug should not be taken during pregnancy because it has high bioavailability. Penetrating into the body fluids mother Ceftriaxone enters the body of the child, which may adversely affect the formation of systems of the fetus. Due to the high permeability of the drug is contraindicated to take while breastfeeding. Means gets into the milk, and with him in the intestinal tract of the newborn, leading to digestive disorders kid.
The physician may prescribe pregnant sinusitis ceftriaxone therapy only when strictly necessary. In this case, the doctor takes into account the ratio of benefits and harms of this treatment. With care you need to treat sinusitis with antibiotics Ceftriaxone people with impaired renal function, reduction of excretory functions. The drug causes the formation of sand in the bladder or kidneys. After drug withdrawal sand displays independently, and in people with impaired renal function may require additional treatment, it promotes the removal of sludge.
How to apply
Ceftriaxone is produced in the powder for injection. When administered preparation causes pain, so it was diluted with 1% lidocaine. If the patient can not tolerate the anesthetic, the powder is diluted with saline. Before treatment of sinusitis patient is required to make the sample is not tolerated drug. For this small amount of medicine administered intradermally to form a papule. After 20 minutes, to see if there are any changes on the skin. If the skin is clean, free from congestion and rashes, then continue treatment. Otherwise, look for an analogue of the drug.
Ceftriaxone injections of sinusitis is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. For intramuscular injection, the vial contents were dissolved in 3.5 ml Lidocaine and intravenous injection using a solution consisting of 1 gram of the drug dissolved in 10 ml of water for injection. As long injection Ceftriaxone used in the treatment of sinusitis, depends on the patient's age, severity of disease accompanying pathological conditions. Adult patients and children over 12 years of age with a body weight of 50 kg is carried out injecting the drug 1-2 times a day by 1 gram. In severe disease may increase the dosage to 4 grams per day.
Newborn formulation is administered in a dose of 20-50 mg per kg body weight per day, older children - 20-80 mg / kg body weight per day, in severe disease is increased to 100 mg / kg per day. Adult patients with decreased renal excretory function of the prescribed drug in a dose of 1-2 grams per day, not more. The same dose is recommended and the elderly. The course of treatment of sinusitis ceftriaxone is from 3 to 14 days. Monitoring the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions determined by the bacterial inoculation test. After a positive result of the analysis, as well as the disappearance of signs of sinusitis, treatment should be continued for another 2-3 days.
Only a doctor can decide what to treat sinusitis in a specific clinical case, select an individual dosage. Therefore exceed dose increase or decrease rate of the drug itself does not need. Typically, the drug acts quickly and sinusitis symptoms disappear within 2-3 days. But to stop the designated course is not worth it. This will cause the resistance of microorganisms to the active agent and retreatment pass complicated.
Not desirable reaction
During the treatment of sinusitis antibiotic ceftriaxone in patients may appear undesirable reactions shown:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- abdominal pain;
- impaired blood formula;
- allergic skin reactions.
Rarely, but there are candidiasis, nosebleeds, pain and swelling at the injection site. Separate increase in dosage leads to an increase of side reactions. Special treatment side effects do not exist. Generally, when a body reactions such symptomatic therapy.
Finally, a small
Ceftriaxone sufficiently effective drug used in the acute sinusitis type, moderate and severe course of illness. To achieve the maximum effect of the treatment can not be independently prescribe medication themselves - it is the doctor advantage. The patient only needs to monitor their condition and in the absence of a positive result after two days of this treatment, tell the doctor about the inefficiency. The doctor will adjust the treatment, will appoint a substitute.
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