Hormones determine the functioning of the reproductive system and fertility. In the presence of abnormalities is carried out a study of the blood sample to determine the concentration of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) hormones. To obtain reliable results and appointment of adequate treatment, you should know how to prepare for the analysis of FSH, when to pass, which values are within normal limits.
When you need to know the level of hormones
Follicle-stimulating hormone or follitropin - HCG, which is produced in both sexes. In women, it induces the production of estrogen and follicular maturation. The male body is responsible for the proper functioning of the seminiferous tubules and the formation of sperm.
Donating analysis to determine the concentration of the FSH hormone in the case of need:
- precocious puberty or delay;
- menstrual irregularities, oligo- or amenorrhea;
- Infertility (female, male);
- miscarriages;
- endometriosis, or polycystic ovarian hormone-producing tumor;
- climacteric syndrome;
- decreased libido;
- testicular feminization;
- impotence;
- suspicion of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction;
- congenital chromosomal abnormalities;
- hormone therapy to control treatment.
FSH is produced by the pituitary gland in parallel with the luteinising hormone (lyuteotropinom). LH is responsible for the maturation of oocytes, the formation of corpora lutea, separation of sex hormones: progesterone, estrogen, testosterone. When burst concentration of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in a woman begins ovulating.
Donating of LH should:
- women - with stimulation of oocyte maturation;
- adults of both sexes - with a decrease in sexual function;
- children - with early sexual development.
Simultaneously pass FSH and LH is necessary to determine the cause of infertility and selection of a suitable treatment method.
Additionally, it may be necessary to determine the level of other sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, progesterone).
Also donate blood for hormones is recommended to couples with reduced fertility to determine the most favorable time for conception.
On what day of the cycle take
In healthy male blood relative of gonadotropins permanently. Make the analysis they can on any given day. In women, hormone concentration depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. For them, the test time is determined by the duration of the cyclic process, which can be 21-35 days. Therefore women should take the FSH and LH on the day of the cycle, the said doctor.
Recommended time frame:
- For the analysis of FSH in the 4 day cycle to donate blood needed in a standard 28-day process. Perhaps a test for 3-5 days.
- When a shorter interval between periods study was conducted on 2-3 day appearance of menses.
- If the cycle is more than 28 days, the analysis of rent for 5-7 days after the onset of menstruation.
In the same period (the first phase of the cycle), you can check the level of other hormones: lyuteotropina, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin.
Deadlines analyzes adjusted by your doctor. For example, on the LH test can be conducted on 21-22 day, and in the determination of ovulation - several times during 1 cycle.
How to donate
In order to investigate a sample of venous blood is required. To get the most accurate results, you need to take the analysis correctly. Blood sampling to FSH and other hormones is conducted in the morning (before 11:00), on an empty stomach, in a state of physical and emotional rest.
The reliability of the results of medical tests such factors may affect how fatigue, pregnancy, radiation, physical therapy, alcohol, nicotine, certain medications. About all medications should be reported to your doctor, stating the last time of their admission.
Requirements for preparation before delivery of the analysis:
- On the eve of the meeting should be eliminated stress, physical stress, emotional outbursts. Sports training contraindicated in the last 3 days.
- Do not eat for 8-12 hours before sampling. You can drink water without gas. At the last meal - to give up fatty foods.
- 3 hours before the analysis can not smoke. The use of alcohol should refrain last 2-3 days.
- In agreement with your doctor hormonal agents should be stopped 48 hours before the procedure. In the case of high doses of biotin assay is performed not earlier than after 8 hours after the last injection.
- Immediately before taking the sample sit or lie down it is recommended at least 15 minutes.
Gonadotropic hormones enter the bloodstream limited doses at intervals of 1-4 hours. The ejection period, which is about 15 minutes, their level to 2.5 times the average. Therefore, in pathologies associated with low values of LH and FSH, preferably 3 to pass the sample at 30 minute intervals.
Norm and deviation
The obtained when analyzing data to FSH is compared with reference values. These indicators depend on the sex and age of the patient, and for women - and even from the menstrual phase:
| Period | FSH rate for women mIU / ml | Norm LH for women mIU / ml |
|---|---|---|
| Menstrual follicular phase and | 2,8-11,3 | 2,2-12,5 |
| Ovulation | 3,4-33,4 | 13,7-77 |
| luteal phase | 1,5-9,1 | 0,5-14,3 |
| Pregnancy | less than 0.3 | less than 1.5 |
| postmenopause | 23-116,3 | 15,9-54 |
For men, the allowable level of follitropin 1,4-18,1 mIU / ml lyuteotropina - 1,7-9,3 mIU / ml.
Abnormalities indicate the presence of abnormalities of the reproductive or hypothalamic-pituitary system. The low level is determined by:
- amenorrhea;
- polycystic syndrome (PCOS);
- hormone-producing tumors, adrenal, testes or ovaries;
- violation of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus;
- hemochromatosis;
- prolactin excess;
- congenital secondary hypogonadism;
- poor nutrition, anorexia.
Inflated figures show:
- primary gonadal failure;
- endometriosis;
- menopause;
- testicular feminization;
- hyperfunction of the pituitary gland;
- genetic pathologies;
- alcoholism;
- malignancy in the lung;
- early sexual development.
Also hormonal changes may be caused by oral contraceptives or therapeutic agents.
The ratio of FSH and LH
Hormones LH and FSH levels are closely linked. In the reproductive age lyuteotropina concentration should be above the level of FSH in 0,5-2,5 times. If the ratio is greater than or less than normal, then both women and men reduced ability to conceive. For diagnosis and treatment purposes is conducted further examination.
