In the initial stages of formation of protrusions it can flow virtually asymptomatic or manifest non-specific characters. Over time, the symptoms become more pronounced and longer causes serious inconvenience to patients: a painful protrusion of significant size, constipation, nausea. After establishing the correct diagnosis to get rid of the hernia easily by surgery.
What it is?
The femoral hernia - a tumorous protrusion which is formed at the output of the gland and intestine loops outside the abdominal cavity through the femoral ring. Femoral hernia manifested by the presence of the bag-shaped protrusions at the femoral triangle region of the body in an upright position, pain; when strangulated hernia may develop intestinal obstruction.
Causes
Any disease or pathology has its own reasons for the occurrence. Femoral hernia is not an exception. The main cause of this disease is the weakness of human body abdominal wall having woven-connecting structure.
Also give rise to problems can: hip injury, such as dislocation, excessive loss of weight excess, or the formation of scars. Women pathology mainly arises because of repeated births. Moreover, the smaller the period between the two, the greater the likelihood of getting a hernia.
The emergence of the femoral hernia is possible because of a problem with the intestines (ie, due to constipation), heavy lifting, severe coughing, exercise, problems with urination. All this leads to the development of pressure inside the abdominal cavity, which in turn gives rise to the formation hernial protrusions.
Classification
In clinical practice, all femoral hernias in men and women on the localization of hernia formation are divided into:
- bilateral;
- Unilateral.
at the place of formation of pathological femoral canal:
- Gasselbaha hernia or muscular hernia gap;
- Hernia vascular lacunae (total, intravaginal, lateral).
Also secrete femoral hernia:
- Nevpravimye - can not be reverse reposition the abdominal cavity, or may be only partially vpravleny;
- Vpravimye - can be imbedding into the abdominal cavity;
- Strangulated femoral hernia. The occurrence of such a hernia associated with compression hernial parts hernial contents. The consequences of this can be expressed in the development of acute intestinal obstruction, bowel gangrene or peritonitis.
The most common femoral hernia in females due to the anatomical features of the pelvis, as well as children under the age of one year because of the physiological weakness of the walls of the peritoneal connective tissue.
Symptoms in Women and Men
In the initial stage and incomplete femoral hernia discomfort manifests itself in the groin or lower abdomen, which are amplified while walking, running and other physical activity. Sometimes these stages are asymptomatic femoral hernia, and first appears only in connection with the parietal infringement.
Full femoral hernia, characterized by the appearance of visible herniation in the inguinal-femoral crease. Herniation, as a rule, is small in size, smooth surface, a hemispherical shape; located below the inguinal crease. Hernial protrusion appears in the standing or straining; It disappears after reduction is accompanied by a characteristic rumbling.
What is the femoral hernia: photo
The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in women and men.
Diagnostics
Mild symptoms did not conclusively diagnose femoral hernia during the initial stages of the disease. Usually it is easily diagnosed by typical symptoms characteristic bulge in the femoral triangle and its vpravlyaemosti in the supine position.
Palpation determine the degree of development and magnitude of its contents hernial canal.
It is necessary to conduct the differential diagnosis of diseases of the inguinal hernia, varicose veins, lipomas, metastasis of cancer tumors, thrombosis and other diseases with similar symptoms. Carried out X-ray examination of the rectum, and ultrasound examination of the bladder, ovarian and most hernias, as well as the contents of the study using herniography.
Treatment of femoral hernias
Conservative treatment of a man or woman of the femoral hernia is not possible, so the presence of the disease is shown only surgery. The most common method of surgery - hernia repair (herniorrhaphy with plastic defect).
The operation for the treatment of femoral hernia involves the opening of the bag with the contents of his hernia and careful inspection, and if necessary - reduction and removal of the gland content hernia in an abdominal cavity. This is followed by ligation, excision of the hernial sac and plastic hernial canal. Hernioplasty carried out both using synthetic materials and the patient's own tissues.
In most cases, neuschemlennoy femoral hernia good prognosis. The greatest number of relapses seen with femoral hernia repair methods. If untreated, may form nevpravimaya femoral hernia, in 82-88% of cases there is infringement.
Prevention and complications of hernia
Prevention of femoral hernia is of such rules:
- wearing a brace during pregnancy;
- proper nutrition;
- Training the abdominal muscles;
- Treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system;
- smoking cessation, leading to coughing.
complications:
- infringement of the femoral hernia - a sudden compression of the hernia contents in the hernial ring;
- inflammation of hernia - caused by inflammation in the body, located in the hernial sac;
- coprostasia - stagnation of stool in the colon.
Hernia well treated surgically. Untreated unfavorable prognosis - irreducible hernia formation.
