Because of problems with blockage or generation of sperm, it can not mingle with the seminal fluid and come out. For this reason, many men suffering from azoospermia have difficulty conceiving a child.
Causes of
Depending on the cause of the disease is obstructive azoospermia secretory and temporary.
Obstructive characterized by the development obstruction ejaculatory ducts, resulting in germ cells can not enter the ejaculate. Important: in obstructive azoospermia male sex cells produced by the body in sufficient quantity to have a full structure and normal mobility.
The main causes of obstructive azoospermia:
- Congenital malformations of vas deferens;
- Operation on scrotal organs, e.g., vasectomy;
- Inflammatory diseases of the male reproductive system (orchitis, vesiculitis, Epididymitis, inflammation of the prostate).
Secretory or obstructive azoospermia characterized primordial germ cells produce a violation in the testes. Main reasons:
- Diseases of the endocrine system;
- Testicular tumors;
- Complicated inflammatory processes;
- Mumps (pig);
- Syphilis;
- spinal injury and disability in men.
When azoospermia time the male gonads disrupted, resulting in the ejaculate sperm may be absent. Typically, this type of disease develops when taking certain medications, a course of chemotherapy, overheating during a visit to the bath or sauna, on the background of chronic fatigue and stress.
Classification
Depending on the reasons underlying the development of azoospermia are the following forms of it:
- Combined (mixed). It combines the features of obstructive and nonobstructive forms;
- Secretory (obstructive). It is associated with the termination of the formation of testicular sperm cells;
- Excretory (obstructive). It called impaired patency of the vas deferens;
- Temporary (functional). It is taking place after the termination of the effect of the harmful factors and does not require treatment.
Negative factors can lead to a decrease in sperm count in semen. Depending on the number of sperm cells detected following steps:
| asthenozoospermia | At this stage, shape and number of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid are normal, but only less than half of them has a linear progressive (I type) and progressive rectilinear (II type) movement. |
| oligozoospermia | Whereby in 1 ml of ejaculate contains less than 20 million sperm motile and alive. |
| azoospermia | Sperm in the semen is completely absent. |
| teratozoospermia | The number of spermatozoa in the ejaculate and motility correct, but more than 50% of them have a pronounced irregularities in the structure of the tail and head. |
symptoms of azoospermia
When azoospermia main symptom - is the absence of pregnancy, that is, the inability to conceive. In this case, a man needs to be tested for susceptibility to azoospermia. Also, the patient is swelling and swelling of the scrotum, may watery discharge from the penis, testicles poorly palpated, are small, or too soft.
To see a doctor, the following symptoms can be identified:
- underdeveloped testicles or prostate;
- male sex cells are underdeveloped;
- very low or too high testosterone in the blood;
- there is a possibility of violations at the genetic level;
- High concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone.
As a symptom can be identified strain on a man because of the inability to conceive a child, and is in suspense about his possible infertility.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis is conducted after the inspection, comprising:
- two-time study of the ejaculate with an interval of 2-3 weeks (semen);
- Ultrasound of the prostate and seminal vesicles (TRUS) ultrasound examination of the scrotum;
- genetic blood analysis (determination of the karyotype, AZF-factor, CFTR protein gene);
- hormonal blood examination including determination of primary and secondary failure markers spermoobrazuyuschey testicular function (FSH LH, inhibin B), and evaluation of androgenic status (free and total testosterone, SHBG (binding globulin sex hormones) estradiol).
To accurately diagnose the cause spermatogenesis disorders implementation shown egg open diagnostic biopsy (TESE).
Testicular biopsy should be combined with fence sperm through a puncture with their cryopreservation for future use of sperm in IVF programs.
treatment of azoospermia
Once diagnosed, many men are wondering: Is it possible to cure azoospermia? The unequivocal answer to this question is no. The success of treatment depends on factors that have caused the disease, after treatment in the first place, aimed at its elimination.
When azoospermia modern medicine uses two methods of treatment:
- Surgery for obstructive azoospermia for restoring ejaculatory patency.
- Conservative treatment use in obstructive or secretory form. Held stimulation of spermatogenesis hormones or eliminating infection antibacterials.
If, in spite of the undertaken surgical and conservative treatment of azoospermia, their partner pregnant and comes to the aid of assisted reproductive technologies, the most effective of which is ICSI. For in vitro fertilization procedures spermatozoa obtained during open biopsy, or aspiration of the testis (TESA / TESE) or the epididymis (MESA, PESA).
When azoospermia causes unrecoverable successful treatment of male infertility is not possible. In this case, it is recommended to fertilize the pair to use donor sperm. In general, the chances of conception naturally or by methods VRT higher in men with obstructive azoospermia form, compared with secretory.
Folk remedies
According to responses of men, among the most common methods used in the home release are:
- From ordinary wormwood infusion is prepared by pouring boiling water over a teaspoon of herbs. When the liquid has cooled, strain it and drink throughout the day.
- Shilajit is mixed with ordinary carrot juice (the observed proportion of 1 to 20), and the mixture was taken every morning on an empty stomach.
- Grenades have very useful. At least one day.
- Blend in equal proportions white mulberry Irish moss young pine needles tops and leaves of walnut. All this is to grind, mix 2 tablespoons of the mixture with a teaspoon of crushed flax seeds. Pour all of a half cup of boiling water and boil for 15-17 minutes. When the infusion has cooled, it must drain and drink 3 times a day.
- Mix in a blender cup of the usual red wine, 3 egg yolks, half a cup of lemon juice, a cup of honey. Take the resulting mixture tablespoon three times a day.
Traditional means can be effective only in the secretory azoospermia. Obstructive diseases in which there vas occlusion paths cure traditional methods impossible.
Forecast for paternity
With timely diagnosis and treatment of obstructive azoospermia form the probability of conception is not less than 65%.
If a man suffers secretory azoospermia or congenital absence of the vas deferens, he is holding a multifocal testicular biopsy is recommended. This procedure guarantees the recovery of viable male gametes are suitable for the fertilization of the female egg. In medical practice, described the mass of cases in which conception was carried out in a natural way in the presence of the male form secretory azoospermia.
