Pre-stroke condition. Symptoms in young women

The pre-stroke state is a period of temporary sharp deterioration or disruption of the blood supply to the brain in young women. This condition can affect women of any age, since stroke is considered common. a type of disease, the symptoms of which are mixed, but increasingly manifests itself before the age of 35 l.

Often, a pre-stroke condition in healthy young women is manifested by a rapid general deterioration in well-being and exacerbation of chronic diseases. With such a deterioration in the brain, hypoxia and irreversible necrosis of individual areas may occur.

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A pre-stroke condition, the symptoms of which in young women can be complex, causes a strong feeling of discomfort. At this time, the entire cardiovascular system and the brain are overloaded. The organs of vision, hearing and various systems of the body are working at the limit of their capabilities due to the limited capabilities of the brain. Often this condition can lead to the development of a stroke and damage, necrosis of the brain tissue.

Depending on the main reason for the development of a pre-stroke state, it is divided into types:

Ischemic

with the development of an ischemic pre-stroke state, circulatory disorders in the brain are associated with blockage of the cerebral vessel by a thrombus, embolus, or an increase in atherosclerotic plaque.

In this case, a separate part of the brain is not completely supplied with blood and dies off;

Hemorrhagic

In a hemorrhagic pre-stroke state, a vessel ruptures in the brain.

As a result, blood is poured into the surrounding tissues and a hematoma is formed, which presses on neighboring areas and affects the disruption of their work.

Acute hypertensive encephalopathy

With encephalopathy, a woman's pressure rises sharply to maximum values ​​(180/120). The vessels of the brain overflow with blood, as a result of which blood begins to pass through their walls, causing hemorrhages in the tissues.

Symptoms and Signs

A pre-stroke condition, the symptoms of which in young women may appear slightly, develops within a few hours or days. During the pre-stroke period, it is important to take into account all the symptoms of the manifestation of the disorder in a comprehensive manner in order to diagnose the disease.

During the period of a pre-stroke state, a young woman has:

• pallor of the limbs and redness of the face;
• general weakness and weak pulse;
• limb numbness or facial asymmetry;

  

• unrelated speech;
• visual impairment (blurred vision appears before the eyes, small black dots, double vision) or its deterioration;
• there is a slight soreness in the chest area on the left;
• violation of motor functions (a woman will not be able to raise and keep her hands up);
• blood pressure rises;
• severe (sometimes throbbing) headache, especially in the occipital region;
• nausea and vomiting;
• dizziness;
• irritability;
• lack of oxygen or trouble breathing, shortness of breath;
• sweating increases;
• limb cramps;
• loss of consciousness.

With a hemorrhagic stroke, first of all, a headache appears, which intensifies sharply and can be pulsating. With an ischemic stroke in a young woman, the limbs first become numb, then a curvature of the mouth appears, the consciousness becomes clouded. Symptoms can be mixed and not very pronounced, therefore, in order to diagnose the disease and the cause of its development, it is important to assess the woman's condition completely.

Causes

The pre-stroke condition, the symptoms of which in young women depend on the type of circulatory disorder, has a number of causes. They can be a direct cause of the development of the disease or contribute to its development.

The main reasons for the development of a pre-stroke state in young women include:

• thrombophlebitis and blood clotting disorder;

With thrombophlebitis, the walls of the vessels become inflamed, the blood becomes thick, forming clots. In this condition, the vessels of the brain can clog at any time, which will lead to the development of a stroke.

• congenital heart disease or heart valve pathology;

The altered state of the heart and blood vessels affects the work of the cardiovascular system and the delivery of oxygen to the brain. With increased stress due to a defect or pathology of the heart, individual vessels in the brain can rupture, provoking a pre-stroke state.

• diabetes mellitus, including hereditary ones;

Diabetes mellitus affects the state of the blood vessels in the brain, the work of the heart and the state of the blood, which can ultimately lead to a pre-stroke state.

• use of contraceptives;

Hormonal contraceptives increase the number of platelets in the blood and make the blood thicker. The constant use of hormonal contraceptives provokes the development of a pre-stroke state in young women.

• cerebral aneurysm;

Bulging of the wall of the cerebral vessel (aneurysm) with increased blood pressure can lead to tissue rupture, hematoma and pre-stroke condition.

• arrhythmia;

A frequent heartbeat affects the state of the cardiovascular system and can provoke circulatory disorders in the brain in the presence of concomitant factors.

• high blood pressure;

High blood pressure (140/80 and above) causes overstressing of the walls of the vessels of the brain, which can not withstand and rupture. As a result, a pre-stroke state begins to develop in the head.

• cerebral atherosclerosis, high cholesterol levels.

Plaques, thrombotic formations in the vessels of the brain can lead to their complete blockage. As a result, a part of the brain will not be adequately supplied with oxygen and nutrients, which will lead to the development of a stroke.

The accompanying reasons for the development of a pre-stroke state include:

• severe stress;

Any stressful situation causes an overload of the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems, as a result of which a pre-stroke state can begin to form in the brain.

• mental and physical overstrain;

Overstrain affects the body in the same way as stress. With increased loads, individual systems of the body work to the limit of their capabilities, as a result of which a sharp deterioration can occur. health (increased blood and intracranial pressure, blurred vision, heart rhythm disturbances), which creates the prerequisites for the development stroke.

• abuse of bad habits (smoking, alcohol);

Alcohol and smoking disrupt the cardiovascular system. Intoxication of the body after drinking alcohol and tobacco causes vasospasm, increased blood pressure, and disruption of the heart.

• independent or uncontrolled medication intake;

Each drug has a side effect that is important to consider. Many drugs have a negative effect on the body when combined with other drugs. Uncontrolled use of drugs, without taking into account their characteristics, can lead to disruptions in the work of individual body systems.

• unhealthy diet (eating fatty, spicy foods, overeating at night);

Eating a lot of fatty foods, with a lot of carbohydrates, spices gradually affects the appearance of excess body weight, contamination of blood vessels with cholesterol and the appearance of plaques, which narrow the lumen of blood vessels and can lead to pre-stroke states.

• hypothermia or sunstroke;

Prolonged exposure to the cold or the sun causes vasospasm, which lose their elasticity and can rupture.

• sedentary lifestyle;

A sedentary lifestyle causes stagnation of blood in the pelvic area in young women or in the legs. Blood circulation is impaired, which provokes a change in the state of blood vessels and blood thickening. Vessels can change (narrow, protrude), and plaques can be deposited on their walls. Such a change creates the conditions for the development of a pre-stroke state.

• varicose veins.

Varicose veins can appear not only on the legs of a young woman, but also in the uterus or in the head. A change in the state of veins can provoke their rupture, as well as the appearance of blood clots, which create the likelihood of thrombosis.

A pre-stroke condition can occur for various reasons. In young women, symptoms of a pre-stroke state are atypical. In most cases, there is nausea, fatigue and slight soreness in the sternum. Such symptoms are characteristic of many diseases, therefore, if there is a predisposition and a deterioration in general well-being, it is important to immediately consult a doctor for examination and diagnosis.

Diagnostics

The pre-stroke condition, the symptoms in young women of which must be taken into account in the complex, is diagnosed as a result of a thorough examination of the patient and passing the examination, which includes:

Inspection

Examination of a young woman by a therapist includes measuring blood pressure, examining the skin and establishing the rhythm of the heartbeat. During the appointment, complaints of ailments, condition of the sclera of the eyes, incoherent speech and muscle weakness are recorded. According to the symptoms, the doctor can diagnose a pre-stroke condition and prescribe an additional examination to confirm it urgently in a hospital or clinic. The examination can be done in the clinic at the place of residence or in a private medical center and its cost is on average 700 rubles.

General blood analysis

A general blood test allows you to establish vitamin deficiency, exclude inflammatory processes in the body. If the hemoglobin level is low, the doctor can detect hidden internal bleeding. You can take a blood test in any medical laboratory and its cost ranges from 500 rubles.

General urine analysis

Analysis of urine allows you to exclude inflammation or the presence of infection in the body. An elevated urea level will indicate kidney failure. In the urine, blood may be present with hemorrhages in the head. A complete blood count can help diagnose the general health of a stroke. You can take the analysis in any medical laboratory and its cost is 450 rubles.

Cholesterol blood test

Blood from a vein is taken to determine the level of cholesterol. With its increased content in the blood, the patient can be directed to examine the vessels of the brain for the presence of plaques and blood clots. Such an analysis can be done in a special medical laboratory and its cost ranges from 600 rubles.

ECG

An electrocardiogram shows a change in heartbeat, the presence of an increased load on the left ventricle and a pre-stroke state.

An ECG is taken in a special office of a polyclinic, hospital or medical center and its cost ranges from 750 rubles.

Blood sugar

A blood test for sugar is performed on an empty stomach. Blood is taken from a fingertip and the amount of glucose in the blood is measured using a glucometer. If the level is exceeded, the patient may be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The analysis can be taken in a clinic, any medical laboratory, or done at home on your own. The research price is 500 rubles.

Ultrasound of the brain and cervical arteries

Ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries located on the neck allows you to establish their patency, the presence of changes in their condition. Ultrasound of the brain shows the presence of hematomas, the state of large vessels of the brain and tissues. Ultrasound is carried out in a special office of the clinic or private medical offices. Its cost is 800 rubles.

CT and MRI

Computer topography and magnetic resonance topography of the brain allows you to check layer by layer the state of the cerebral vessels, to establish the damaged areas and the condition of the head tissues, the presence hemorrhage. As a result of such a study, the doctor receives accurate images of the state of the brain and can accurately diagnose the nature and extent of the lesions. CT and MRI scans are performed in major medical centers or hospitals. The cost of the research is from 1500 rubles.

Treatment methods

A pre-stroke condition requires emergency treatment. With the development of cerebral thrombosis or a possible rupture of blood vessels, it is possible to effectively remove the main causes of the violation to exclude complications. For the treatment of a pre-stroke condition, a complex of medications is used, which include:

Warfarin

Warfarin effectively cleans blood vessels in acute venous thrombosis and embolism of blood vessels, cerebral arteries. The drug is rapidly absorbed and almost completely excreted in the urine, reducing blood clotting. The drug is taken 3-10 mg. per day, depending on the degree of blood clotting, for 10-20 days.

Plavix

Plavix is ​​used to prevent the development of stroke because it inhibits platelet aggregation and lowers platelet levels. The drug eliminates possible blockage of blood vessels and helps to restore the state of the capillaries in the brain. The drug is prescribed to be taken at 100-250 mg 1 time per day for a course of at least 10 days. contract.

Clopidogrel

Clopidogrel prevents platelet formation, dilates blood vessels and helps restore blood circulation in the brain. The drug is taken 1 tab. 1-2 times a day for 14-20 days.

Mertenil

Mertenil actively suppresses the formation of plaques, stabilizes the surface of already formed plaques, lowers cholesterol levels and cleanses blood vessels. The medicine is prescribed to be taken at 5-10 mg per day for 30 days.

Atoris

The drug atoris lowers blood cholesterol and reduces inflammation in the vascular wall, which reduces the risk of thrombosis in the brain. The drug is prescribed at 20-80 mg per day for a course of 20-30 days.

Amlodipine

Amlodipine dilates the muscles of blood vessels, reduces the need for oxygen in the myocardium and brain, and helps to reduce the heart rate. The drug is actively used for arterial hypertension. The drug is prescribed to receive 5-7 mg per day for 20-30 days.

Perindopril

Perindopril is actively used for arterial hypertension and helps to reduce blood pressure for any severity of the patient's health condition. The drug improves peripheral and renal blood flow without lowering the pulse rate and dilates blood vessels. The drug is recommended to be taken at 2-8 mg 1 time per day for 1 month.

Cinnarizine

Cinnarizine has an expanding effect on the vessels of the brain. It improves cerebral circulation, vascular elasticity and reduces blood viscosity. Cinnarizine increases tissue resistance to hypoxia. The medicine is taken in 1 tab. 2-3 times a day for 20-30 days.

Drotaverin

Drotaverine is a widely used antispasmodic agent that rapidly dilates blood vessels and removes their spasm in the brain. The drug is taken in 1-2 tabs. 2-3 times a day for 14-20 days.

Metaprolol reduces heart rate, reduces myocardial oxygen demand. The drug normalizes heart rate in supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation and helps to lower blood pressure. The medicine is drunk in 1 tab. 2-3 times a day for 2-3 weeks.

Captopril

Captopril is effective in lowering blood pressure levels. The drug dilates arteries and veins, improves blood supply to the ischemic myocardium and platelet aggregation. Take the remedy for 1 tab. 2 times a day for 10 days.

Curantil

Curantil inhibits platelet production, improves blood microcirculation in the brain for 30-40 minutes. after taking. The medicine is taken in 1 tab. 2-3 times a day for 30-40 days.

Indap

Indap improves the functioning of the liver and kidneys, has an increased diuretic effect. Indap is actively used for arterial hypertension. The medicine is taken in 1 caps. 1-2 times a day for 7 days.

Furosemide

The drug helps to quickly cleanse the body of excess fluid while maintaining the water-vitamin balance. Furosemide is taken 1 tab. 2-3 times a day for 7-10 days.

In addition to drug treatment, a young woman needs to adhere to a proper diet, eliminate fatty and spicy foods, and increase the amount of fruits and vegetables. It is important to eliminate bad habits, drink less tea and coffee. The patient is recommended to take walks, moderate physical exercises every day to fully restore health.

Possible consequences and complications

Depending on the extent of the lesion in young women, a pre-stroke condition may be a harbinger of:

Microstroke

At the beginning of the formation of a microstroke, a violation of the blood supply affects areas of the brain that are insignificant in volume. In this case, the soreness and discomfort is mild and lasts no more than a few hours. Only microvessels are damaged, which can fully recover on their own within 24 hours.

Stroke

In a standard pre-stroke state, blood ceases to flow into a large area of ​​the brain with a loss of work as a result of certain body functions.

Extensive stroke

With the development of a pre-stroke condition, which can lead to a massive stroke, blood circulation in most of the brain is impaired. The tissues die off quickly due to oxygen deprivation within a few hours, and the patient loses control over the body completely. As a result of a major stroke, a young woman can become disabled or die without medical treatment or urgent surgery.

The consequences also include:

• complete or partial loss of movement in certain muscle groups (impaired mobility of the limbs, speech, swallowing);
• decreased or lack of sensitivity until the complete loss of the ability to touch objects (when touched in the hands, pain, tingling may occur);
• decreased memory, attention and thinking abilities;
• change in behavior and character.

A pre-stroke state without timely assistance in 60% of cases leads to disability, and in 10% of cases to death. Young women, if symptoms are ignored, can completely lose mobility in half of the body. The effectiveness of treatment and the reduction in the likelihood of possible complications depends on the time of initiation of treatment. With a quick response and taking medications, you can completely eliminate the onset of a stroke or reduce its consequences to a minimum for a quick recovery of health.

The pre-stroke condition in young women often develops gradually, and the symptoms do not appear brightly, therefore they are considered harmless. However, it is the measures during the pre-stroke state that determine the presence of complications and the possible consequences.

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