The norm of D-dimer in pregnancy is the norm, the causes of increased and decreased rates

During pregnancy, you need to take more than one analysis to know exactly about the condition of the baby and the future mother. One of these studies is the analysis to determine the exact values ​​of D-dimer. It allows you to assess the likelihood of developing blood clots and, if necessary, to conduct timely treatment. This analysis is very important, as the results of the life of a pregnant woman depend on its results.

What are D-dimers?

This is the name of the special protein fragments formed when dissolving blood clots that can form in the vessels and veins. Once the vessels are damaged, the proteins of the circulatory system begin to shift into a more intense phase. Fibrin begins to actively bind all elements of blood, which forms a clot. Under the influence of fibrin, due to intense bunching, the proteins of the hemostasis system also split, due to which the D-dimer appears.

Warning! Thus, the indicator allows you to track how much blood condenses in the patient and the risk of developing blood clots.

The norm of the D-dimer in the trimesters

During pregnancy, the rates of the norm significantly expand, as they grow with each passing day. At the same time for each trimester, there is an indicator that allows you to identify deviations:

• 1 trimester. During this period, the indicator increases 1.5 times from normal. Usually the result varies between 740-750 ng / ml;
• 2 term. The size of the D-dimer increases to 1000 ng / ml. However, it should be ensured that it does not fall below 900 ng / ml;
• 3 term. During this period, the indices increase to 1500 ng / ml, while the deviation to the smaller side can not be less than 100 units.

Attention! It should be borne in mind that indicators can be affected not only by pathologies, but also by external factors. Therefore, it is not necessary before the test is fatty food, you need a good night's sleep, and also warn the doctor about taking medications before handing over the material for examination.

Video - Fibrinogen and D-dimer in pregnancy

Causes of increased D-dimer in any of the trimesters

If protein enzymes begin to increase significantly, a specialist may suspect several conditions at once, not all of them are dangerous,but nevertheless require enhanced control:

• development of diabetes mellitus, including the pregnant one, which most often develops from the second trimester;
• problems with kidney function;
• development of late hetosis, usually the condition is accompanied by constant nausea, vomiting may open;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• is an allergy that most often occurs in the acute stage at the time of the analysis;
• development of multiple pregnancy, usually the increase in D-dimer is already in the first weeks of the first trimester;
• any infectious diseases, including in the latent phase;
• trauma, which is accompanied by an inflammatory process;
• liver disease;
• any surgical interventions;
• the beginning placental abruption, this condition is most often accompanied by bleeding.

Attention! Even in the absence of obvious pathologies, an increase in the enzyme indicates a real predisposition of to thrombophlebitis. It is mandatory to check the level of D-dimer throughout pregnancy, while it is recommended to do this a little more often after receiving the results beyond the norm.

Treatment of increased indices of the D-dimer

Treatment with medications is performed at a significant deviation from the norm. Usually therapy consists in the use of special drugs that can slightly dilute the blood and bring it to normal.

Fraksiparin

An expensive drug that is required to be injected into the umbilical fossa. The procedure is carried out under direct medical supervision. The dosage of the drug is selected taking into account the patient's condition. Usually Fraksiparin is administered twice a day for 5-6 days. In some cases, a hematoma appears at the site of administration of the active substance. If there is a serious increase in D-dimer, the duration of treatment can be extended to 10 days.

Reopoliglyukin

The preparation is used for carrying out droppers. The dosage is selected taking into account the patient's condition and can vary from 300 to 500 ml, the drug is administered from half an hour to an hour. The infusion rate is also selected individually. Droppers are placed daily, during the procedure, you should constantly keep the patient's condition under control. Therapy with Rheopolyglucin can last up to 6 days.

It is also mandatory to hold a consultation with a geneticist who, based on an anamnesis of parents, can make a more accurate prognosis of the course of the disease and, if necessary, help to correct the course of therapy. During the entire pregnancy, you should eat a large number of foods that contain zinc. These include such affordable products as fish, buckwheat porridge and black chocolate. In addition, the products from the table should be included in the diet.

Product Image

		amount of zinc per 100 g of wheat bran
		0,017
liver		0,017
beef stew beef and veal		0,0095
pumpkin seeds, and sesame		0,0077
Pine nuts		0,0065
flax and sunflower seeds		0,0056
Soybean flour		0,0050

Attention! These products can be combined with each other, while it is desirable to extinguish, steam or eat them raw. This will reduce the loss of vitamins.

It is also recommended to engage in physical exertion, unless there is a ban on them from the attending physician. If the sport is contraindicated, it can be replaced by walking in the fresh air, it will also help saturate the blood with oxygen and reduce the likelihood of developing thrombophlebitis. It is very useful to swim in any trimester of pregnancy. There are no contraindications to this, and the load on the legs and back is significantly reduced.

Warning! Specialists also recommend using more liquid, preferably pure water or green tea. They are able to dilute blood and reduce the likelihood of blood clots.

Reduced D-dimer

This condition is very rare, with only 2% of pregnant women facing it. Usually, specialists leave such a state without attention, if the level of the enzyme is reduced slightly. But in those situations when its amount reaches 500 ng / ml, it is required to conduct mandatory urgent treatment.

This carries no threat of fetal development and its birth, but several times increases the likelihood of extensive and massive bleeding, which can lead to death during labor. A woman will simply lose a lot of blood in a short period of time.

There may be several reasons for the lowered level of the D-dimer. Most often, such a problem is formed under the influence of medical devices, which greatly dilute blood. You can not exclude the excessively low level of hemoglobin and liver cancer. In addition, the woman is tested for vitamin K. Its small amount also leads to a decrease in the D-dimer.

Attention! Treatment of this condition consists in the use of drugs for blood thickening and the intake of vitamin K. Medications are selected for each patient after a full-time examination and assessment of the severity of the condition. Oncological diseases are treated strictly in a hospital.

Do not ignore the surrender of such a study to prevent the development of dangerous for the body conditions. In many cases, a pregnant woman with a D-dimer deviation from normal indications has a relatively small course of treatment, after which it is possible to give birth to a healthy baby and not suffer during delivery.