Bacteria in the urine of women. The reasons what this means in pregnant women, treatment without antibiotics with folk remedies

Bacteria in urine in women can appear for many reasons. Most often, the condition is associated with the development of inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system. Therefore, the treatment will be based on the results of the examination after the doctor makes an accurate diagnosis.

Reasons for the appearance

The factors that contribute to the development of diseases include the following reasons:

• neglect of regular hygiene;
• insufficiently strong immunity;
• promiscuous sex life;
• History of STDs.

Therefore, if bacteria are found, you will need to go through a series of procedures to examine the body to determine the causes and type of microbes.

Experts distinguish 2 types of bacteriuria:

• ascending;
• downward.

In 1 case, pathogens enter the bladder from the large intestine or from the external environment. In 2 - they descend along the ureters into the bladder reservoir.

In the active stage of the development of the disease, they not only penetrate into it, but also actively multiply, which always accompanied by degenerative changes in the surrounding mucous membranes and in some cases affects muscle layers.

Possible diseases

Bacteria in the urine of women, the causes of which are associated with external infection, are divided into several types.

The most common are:

• Escherichia coli, fecal enterococci, proteand - usually these microorganisms penetrate the genitourinary tract, migrating from the intestine;
• Klebsiella pneumoniae - becomes the cause of kidney disease, is especially dangerous for children and the elderly;

  

• ureaplasma, chlamydial infection, mycoplasma, Trichomonas - sexually transmitted and affect the entire urogenital canal;
• staphylococci and streptococci - is always present in the composition of microflora, but under favorable conditions they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

In addition to the microorganisms described, lactobacilli are often determined, but they always live on the mucous membranes and rarely cause any pathological processes.

Of other, much more common diseases, the analysis helps to determine the presence of cystitis or pyelonephritis.

Cystitis

Cystitis is an acute inflammation of the mucous membranes of the inner surface of the bladder. The greatest exposure is typical for women aged 18-55 years. In children, cystitis develops mainly against the background of colds, when immunity is significantly reduced.

First symptoms:

• the minimum volume of urine excreted;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• very frequent use of the toilet.

With insufficient therapy or in the absence of treatment for primary episodes, the disease becomes chronic. In the future, the combination of hypothermia, decreased immunity and the ingress of pathogens lead to a sharp appearance of unpleasant symptoms.

For treatment, drugs based on norfloxacin (Norbactin in a course of administration) or fosfomycin (Monural - a single dose) can be used. Moreover, the sooner treatment is started after the onset of symptoms, the sooner the therapeutic effect will come.

Pyelonephritis

Inflammatory disease affecting the kidneys occurs when a number of factors are combined with exposure to pathogens. The foci of inflammation can be located in separate nodules or spread over the entire surface.

Routes of infection:

• hematogenous - with the blood flow, the infection reaches the renal tissues and begins its destructive activity;
• urogenic - microorganisms penetrate the urogenital canal;
• lymphogenous - through the lymph from other affected organs.

In addition to the general ones, local causes can provoke the development of pyelonephritis. For example, a violation of the outflow of accumulated urine leads to its stagnation and the beginning of the multiplication of microorganisms that have penetrated the urogenital canal if the rules of regular personal hygiene are not followed. Against the background of a decrease in immunity, the progression of the disease begins at an intensive pace.

Diagnostics

To accurately determine the type of infection and current health status, you will need to submit a morning urine sample for microbiological examination.

Normally, the urine of a healthy person is initially sterile, and only after contact with the external environment, a rapid multiplication of various bacteria begins in it. But they have nothing to do with diseases. The urine collected in the morning is suitable for research for no more than 2 hours.

For urgent diagnosis and determination of bacteria in urine, several methods are used:

• TTX (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) - upon contact with microorganisms, a substance that does not initially have a color becomes a blue tint;
• nitrite test (or Griss method) - the method is based on the determination of nitrites, which are produced by bacteria, is suitable only for adults;
• glucose reduction test (or HRT) - bacteria process glucose, if after its introduction into the sample the test shows the absence, the analysis will be positive.

In the case of a carrier of any infection, an analysis on fresh urine will directly reveal the pathogen itself. Side microorganisms during this period of time will not yet distort the results obtained.

Also, before collecting a sample for analysis, it is necessary to carry out hygienic procedures for the external genital organs. To do this, it will be quite enough to simply wash with toilet soap, after which the remaining water should be blotted with a clean towel.

For microbiological studies, pharmacies have been offering plastic containers with sterile lids for quite a long time. All medical institutions have completely switched to receiving tests exclusively in such a container.

Bacterial sowing

Bacterial culture on a nutrient base is the most informative diagnostic method. In this case, it is even possible to calculate the concentration of individual bacteria units per urine volume. Based on this result, the degree of abnormal changes in the body can be ascertained.

To implement the method, the sample is placed on a nutrient medium, due to which pathological microorganisms begin to multiply rapidly. After that, experts will easily determine the type of pathogen.

The only drawback is that the diagnosis requires at least 2 days. However, excessive urgency in the vast majority of cases is not required at all. The quality of diagnostics and its information content are much more important.

Additional instructions

Normally, the blood is sterile, therefore, the urine should also not contain any microorganisms. The presence of bacteria is possible only in the case of severe diseases such as plague, anthrax, encephalitis and other similar pathologies. The presence of bacteria circulating in the body is a serious complication of major infections.

The immune response in this case causes a rapid progression of sepsis, or blood poisoning, with a very high probability of death. Therefore, for ordinary diseases without pronounced symptoms, such procedures are not required due to the absence of any clinically significant result.

Factors in the presence of which a blood test for the presence of bacteria is shown:

childhood	up to 1.5 years
Body temperature	from 39.5 ° С
leukocytes	up to 5 × 109 / l and from 15 × 109 / l
neutrophilic granulocytes	from 1.5 × 109 / l
sedimentation rate of erythrocytes	from 30

Also, the study is carried out with acute clinical symptoms.

These cases require the involvement of a minimum of a local therapist. In the evening or on weekends, seeking emergency medical help is highly recommended. Specialists will provide emergency transportation of the patient to a medical facility, where there is all the equipment for a quick examination and all the necessary analyzes and other samples.

When to see a doctor

Contacting a specialist is always recommended when any suspicious symptoms such as pain during urination, pain in the lumbar region, fever and other unpleasant symptoms that outwardly have nothing to do with common colds or ARVI.

The urologist deals with the problems of the urine and urination system. If you have the financial ability, it is recommended to contact a private clinic. In this case, all examinations and diagnosis will take a minimum amount of time.

The treatment itself will also be prescribed shortly after the initial treatment. You should always remember that any disease can be cured faster and easier if you see a doctor after a minimum period of time after the onset of the first symptoms.

Prophylaxis

Bacteria in the urine of women (the reasons for their appearance were listed above) appear with a number of characteristic signs such as pain, deterioration in well-being, and an increase in body temperature. In some cases, the disease may be asymptomatic.

Therefore, there are several basic and important recommendations:

• eating healthy foods after thorough washing;
• observance of personal hygiene, including external genitalia;
• tracking any suspicious symptoms of relapse;
• having sex with a regular partner;
• periodic monitoring of analysis indicators.

In general, after the course of treatment, prevention is not difficult if you adhere to the standard recommendations of a healthy lifestyle. In case of detection of chronic diseases after examination, it is necessary to pay more attention to the prevention of their recurrence.

Treatment methods

Therapy for detecting bacteria in urine depends on the type of pathogen and the severity of the infectious process. On average, the course of treatment lasts 1-2 weeks. In case of an especially acute course of the disease, the patient is recommended to be hospitalized.

Medications

Bacteria in the urine of women, the causes of which are associated with the penetration of pathogens into the body, are easily destroyed by antibiotics. Most often, doctors prescribe drugs from the group of penicillins, cephalosporins, nitrofurans. Only the attending physician should determine the appropriate antibacterial substance on the basis of the tests and examinations performed.

One of the most popular and effective drugs is Monural. As an active ingredient, it contains fosfomycin trometamol in an amount of 5.631 g. In terms of fosfomycin - 3.0 g. More than 90% of the dose taken is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. The accumulation takes place in the bladder, thanks to which a quick and targeted therapeutic effect is achieved.

Monural is approved for use during pregnancy, starting from a gestational age of 11-12 weeks.

An important advantage of taking it is that the treatment prevents the spread of the infection from the bladder to the kidneys in an ascending way.

After admission, you must re-take the tests. In the event that bacteria are found again, a second intake will be required. The only drawback is the relatively high price. 1 package with 3 g of powder costs around 500 rubles.

For the prevention of relapse, further courses of the drug Kanefron N. are recommended.

It contains plant components:

• centaury;
• lovage root;
• rosemary leaves.

The combined drug has a diuretic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. Allergic reactions are possible during treatment. If they appear, you should stop the course of therapy and change the drug after consulting a doctor.

Recommendations for medical use:

• pills are taken orally, without chewing and drinking water;
• for a single dose, adults should take 2 pills;
• the duration of therapy is 2-4 weeks, 3 times a day.

During treatment, you should increase your fluid intake to drain the kidneys and bladder more effectively. The cost of 60 tablets is about 700 rubles.

Traditional methods

Bacteria in the urine of women can only be destroyed by strong drugs. Therefore, folk remedies can be supplemented with the main course of treatment and influence the reasons for their reproduction.

For this, some herbs with drainage and disinfecting properties can be used:

• birch buds and leaves;
• juniper bark;
• bearberry;
• chamomile.

In addition to individual medicinal plants, you can take infusions of ready-made urological preparations. The technique can be used during pregnancy. But treatment with exclusively folk remedies will give results only after several months of regular admission. Prepare infusions in accordance with the directions on the package.

Other methods

In addition to the main course of treatment with drugs and folk remedies it is recommended to adhere to the following rules in everyday life:

• at every opportunity to visit the toilet, avoiding prolonged stagnation of urine;
• go to bed more often, pulling your legs up to your stomach with bent knees;
• introduce cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks into the daily diet;
• carefully and regularly observe the hygiene of the genitals;
• avoid even not too strong hypothermia;
• use a separate towel for drying;
• change your underwear daily or more often;
• exclude sweet foods from the diet;
• eat watermelons.

If you adhere to these rules, the course of treatment will become especially effective, the result will come faster, and in the future they will help to avoid the return of the disease.

Possible complications

In addition to chronic cystitis and pyelonephritis, vesicoureteral reflux may develop. Inflammation in this area will lead to a loss of sufficient elasticity of the orifices of the ureters, the result will be a decrease in the ability of the sphincter to perform its duties.

The movement of urine will become abnormal, and habitual reverse throwing will develop. The lack of effective therapy can provoke the onset of cicatricial transformations of the renal tissue up to complete atrophy of the organ.

The next danger is the development of bladder leukoplakia. This is a pathology in which the walls of the bladder lose the ability to secrete special substances to protect against urine components.

Subsequently, urination disorders will begin, pain will appear. The severity of these symptoms can vary. The similarity is manifested in the fact that the phenomena will intensify over time.

And option 3 - bladder empyema. This complication manifests itself in the accumulation of purulent contents in its internal cavity. This happens due to an uncompensated inflammatory process, when the body cannot cope with pathogens by its own immunity.

With the development of pathology, the mucous membrane of the bladder gradually becomes covered with ulcers, which ultimately lead to wall perforation, peritonitis and abscess. Pathology refers to diseases that threaten the life of the affected person.

From other, less dangerous, but unpleasant conditions, urinary incontinence of various degrees of severity is allocated, up to the complete degradation of the sphincter. Under normal conditions, it develops at the age of 60 years. But with inflammatory processes in the bladder and constant urinary retention, the situation changes, that even young women begin to suffer from incontinence.

Bacteria in the urine of women can also cause interstitial cystitis, one of the most dangerous complications.

With its development, inflammation penetrates deep into the muscle layer. As a result, there is a high risk of replacing the elastic walls with coarse connective tissue. Subsequently, the organ may completely lose its ability to stretch, and congestion will lead to other complications. Therefore, treatment must always be complete and timely.

Article design: Vladimir the Great

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