Chancre with syphilis. Photo, what it looks like hard, soft, hurts, does it itch in women, men

Shankry for syphilis - a characteristic feature of the first stage of syphilis. The expression has several types; syphilis is characterized by a hard one (a dense tubercle is visible in the photo). Uncomplicated chancre heals on its own, but the disease continues to develop further.

What the symptoms look like

Chancre with syphilis (photos of different types of syphilis can be seen below) looks like a red spot, which gradually transforms into erosion. One to many bumps may appear. Shankras go under the skin to different depths. Erosions appear on mucous membranes, skin.

Syphilitic chancre can be in size:

• small (dwarf) - up to 1-2 mm in diameter (you can see them through a magnifying glass);
• medium - 2-5 mm;
• large - 5-10 mm;
• giant - up to 20 cm.

A pronounced expression protruding above the skin. Unlike soft chancre caused by pale treponema, no marks (spots, scars) are left on the skin. The edges of the chancre are roller-shaped, dense, the formation itself looks varnished. The main symptom of syphiloma is a cartilaginous seal in the center. It is well felt.

Shankras are of several types:

1. Erosive. Consist of many merged ulcers. More often appear on mucous membranes.
2. In the form of knots. These are chancres with clear boundaries that persist, even growing deep under the skin. Hard nodules usually appear on the penis, its foreskin.
3. Leafy (oval). They have clear boundaries, are formed on the glans penis.
4. Herpetiformis. Very similar to the manifestations of genital herpes. These are erosions with many small ulcers with clear boundaries. But the formations do not merge.
5. Round chancres. The classic version, in appearance, resembles coins. They appear on the skin, in particular on the labia, scrotum, shaft of the penis.
6. Slit-like. They are rare, outwardly similar to cracks. Mostly formed in the corners of the mouth, near the anus, on the tongue. Such chancres are often confused with ordinary "seizures".
7. Cortical. They are not like classic syphilomas. These chancres have no crust and are not concave. More often they occur on ulcers located where their contents dries quickly - on the face, in the nose, in the corners of the mouth.
8. Diphtheritic. Such chancres are covered with an ash-gray film. They appear frequently and can appear anywhere on the body.
9. Burns. They grow rapidly, while their correct boundaries, clear outlines are violated, the bottom acquires a grainy red hue. But such primary syphilomas are very rare.
10. Felon. More often it affects the distal phalanx of the index finger. It swells, becomes purple-red with densely infiltrated soft tissues. Chancre-panaritium has uneven edges, a dirty gray coating, a deeply located bottom. Differs in severe soreness.
11. Amygdalitis. Appears on the tonsils, which swell, thicken, redden. A person's temperature rises, signs of poisoning appear. The nearby lymph nodes are enlarged. Treatment typical for angina is ineffective.
12. Mixed. Appears with the simultaneous development of soft chancre and syphilis. Gradually, the formation is denser, the edges are leveled. The tubercle takes on the appearance of a hard chancre and its characteristic features. In this case, the development of secondary syphilis occurs with a delay of 3-4 months.

    

By origin, syphilomas are "twins", when treponema enters the body at the same time in several places. If the infection occurred at different times, then syphilomas will begin to appear one after another, at short time intervals. "Kissing" chancres - which appear on the contiguous areas.

Solid syphilomas are dangerous in that they do not cause much inconvenience - there is no itching, pain in the affected area, some may remain completely invisible. If you press on the lesion, a transparent yellowish liquid with a high concentration of treponema is released from under it. For this feature, the syphilitic chancre was called "crying".

Shancre with syphilis is gradually transformed into erosion (this process is shown in the photo). Their edges become dense and even, the bottom is hard, brownish-red in color. A purulent yellowish bloom is visible on the surface. Around the chancre, the skin color does not change, does not thicken, there are no signs of inflammation.

When it appears and how it develops

The ulcerative process develops due to the entry and reproduction of the pathogen (pale treponema). Chancre is the first sign of a disease. It appears 3-90 days after infection. It depends on the state of the immune system. A long incubation period is typical for people who were taking antibiotics at the time of infection.

More often, the chancre occurs at the site of penetration of the treponema. Sometimes there are no skin manifestations, and the process goes unnoticed, proceeding in a latent form. During the incubation period, the pathogen first accumulates in the lymphatic system to its maximum concentration.

Then they enter the bloodstream and are carried throughout the body. At this time, it is impossible to detect the disease even by tests, but the person is already infected and can infect his partner.

First, inflammation develops, on the skin it manifests itself as redness. It does not cause discomfort, pain, itching. After 2-3 days, a small dense tubercle appears at the spot of the spot, which gradually transforms into a papule.

Pain occurs only when the epithelium is exfoliated from the formation. Then the tubercle becomes larger, its surface is covered with a dense crust. After 7-10 days, the ulcerative process begins.

Erosion forms under the crust. As soon as the hard layer is rejected, a chancre is formed. If it does not itch or hurt, then it is called syphiloma. The first, in 95 percent, is formed in the genital area (on the pubis, inner thighs, testicles and abdomen), because most often infection occurs during sexual intercourse.

Chancre with syphilis (the photo shows its location) can also form near the anus. With the development of erosion, thick transparent mucus can be released. In men, chancres often appear on the fingers and take the form of a felon. Syphiloma is distinguished by tissue hardening, an increase in tubercle, swelling in the affected area.

Features of the appearance and development of chancre:

In men

They are mainly formed on the shaft of the penis, its head. In particular, on the bridle of the penis. Shankras are usually oval in shape. During an erection, bleeding often opens. When a chancre forms in the urethral canal, the formation becomes hard, painful. Syphilomas are often mistaken for inflammation, since the ulcerative lesion is often small. May not be felt, covered with a gray bloom.

Among women

Appear on the uterine neck, labia, clitoris. Women may not notice the appearance of small, hard bumps or ulcers. Syphilitic chancres on mucous membranes are rare. More often - on the cervix or the canal leading to it. To determine whether a chancre is syphilitic, it is necessary to differentiate them with simple erosions. For example, when infected with scleradenitis, the internal lymph nodes of the pelvis are affected. Palpation is not amenable, clearly visible on computed tomography.

Chancres often appear on the mucous membranes of the mouth, lips and are very similar to the erosion that develops with candidiasis. You can distinguish syphilomas from a fungal infection by the dense red edges and perifocal diffuse inflammation. If formations appear in the area of ​​the red border of the lips or the corners of the mouth, they begin to become covered with yellowish crusts. Then small cracks appear on the skin.

When pale treponemas enter the mouth, chancres appear on the tongue. Their development begins with small dense tubercles with a smooth surface. Then it ulcerates and erosion forms. Much less often, syphilomas occur near cracks in the tongue, acquires a slit-like or stellate shape.

The area of ​​the tip of the tongue and the lower lip are most often affected by pale treponema. On the palate, gums, pharynx, tonsils, papules are rarely formed. They have clear restraints from healthy skin, firm bottoms and thickened edges. Often, syphilitic lesions are mistaken for acute tonsillitis.

Chancre with syphilis (photo of the pathogen shows pale treponema) can form in the mouth and pharynx. Then there is an asymmetry of the tonsils, discomfort, a feeling of a lump in the throat and soreness when swallowing. If pronounced tissue edema additionally appears, then it becomes difficult to breathe, especially during physical exertion, walking.

Uncomplicated chancres in the first stage appear periodically, disappearing on their own in 45 days and reappearing. If syphilomas have formed inside the genitals, then it is difficult to detect them yourself, only in stationary conditions.

Causes

Treponema pallidum enters the body during unprotected intercourse, with kissing, the use of other people's personal hygiene products. Infection can occur through the discharge from the chancre, if it gets on the mucous membranes, in the wounds. In rare cases, infection occurs after the use of non-sterile instruments during surgery or in beauty salons.

Sometimes the infection starts with a blood transfusion. Chancres on the eyelids, near the eyelashes are rarely formed. Mostly appear in people who prefer to contact the genitals with their tongue. Then, during the process, infection occurs, and pale treponema is fixed on the mucous membranes.

Several syphilis at once often provokes scabies, trauma, charcoal rash. If a person has chronic diseases or a greatly reduced immunity, then the likelihood of chancre formation is very high.

Treatment methods

In order to prevent infection and the formation of syphil, you need to use condoms, not to give other people their personal hygiene items. If, nevertheless, contact with an infected person took place, then in the very first hours, start taking sulfonamides.

With timely treatment, the chancres disappear after a week, heal completely in 1-2 months - often before the development of secondary syphilis, but then reappear. An infection becomes the cause, therefore therapy is primarily aimed at eliminating it and preventing its spread, preventing subsequent complications.

However, for this it is necessary to differentiate syphilis from:

• other sexually transmitted diseases;
• acute tonsillitis;
• fungal infections;
• herpes;
• traumatic ulcers and erosions;
• tuberculosis.

For this, a blood test is performed with non-specific tests (for example, PRP, Wasserman reaction). If a positive result is obtained, then additional specific diagnostics are carried out, with the help of which the presence of antibodies to certain pathogenic microorganisms is detected.

Drug treatment

The therapeutic regimen includes drugs for external and internal use. The causative agents of the disease are highly sensitive to penicillin, tetracycline and macrolide antibiotics.

During treatment, blood is regularly taken for examination. With this, the effectiveness of therapy is assessed. Antibiotic treatment is supplemented with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory external agents.

Drugs	Drug action, treatment regimen
"Azithromycin", "Ceftriaxone", "Doxycycline"	Prescribed if the patient is allergic to drugs of the penicillin series.
"Bitsillin"	Contains only one antibiotic. Produced in powders, it works for a long time. Causes the death of pale treponema. The drug is administered 2 times a day, 3 mln. units with an interval of 5 days, or 5 million. units once with the same interval.
Erythromycin	One of the safest antibiotics that can be given even to children. Adults are prescribed 3-4 tablets (0.5 mg) per day on an empty stomach, 30 minutes before meals. If after it, then after 1.5 hours. The dosage is calculated by body weight.
"Extensillin"	The main drug for the treatment of primary syphilis. It is prescribed to eliminate the infection that causes the formation of chancre. The drug is administered intramuscularly, twice a day. Before that, "Extensillin" is mixed with novocaine - 2.4 mln. units / 0.5% (based on 100,000 units / ml). If syphilis is primary, then the drug is administered once, into the buttocks.
Disinfectants	In the presence of chancre and ulcers, they are disinfected with benzylpenicillin and dimexide - in the form of lotions and baths. Such compresses help the active substances penetrate deeply into the tissues. Applications with mercury or heparin ointment may be prescribed. They are changed daily. To accelerate the healing of hard chancre, from which a yellowish substance comes out, the affected areas are lubricated with erythromycin. Mercury-bismuth and syntomycin ointments are highly effective.
For rinsing, rinsing	When syphilitic chancre appears on the mucous membranes of the mouth, it must be rinsed with a solution of furacilin mixed with boric acid, gramicidin. Their proportions are prescribed by a venereologist.
When attaching a fungal infection	If during antibiotic treatment a fungal infection joins, then additionally prescribe "Tinidazole" (1.5-2 g once a day, with a course of up to 10 days), "Metronidazole" (250 mg twice a day, for 10 days).
Probiotics	These drugs are given after the end of antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics destroy not only pathogenic, but also beneficial microflora. Therefore, after them, it is necessary to take probiotics that restore the microflora of the digestive system. For example, "Bifiform", "Linex" (2-3 capsules per day, course from 10 to 21 days).
Multivitamins	They are necessary as an additional tool for improving the general condition, strengthening the immune system (for example, "Duovit", "Alphabet", "Vitrum"). Give one tablet once a day, the course of treatment is a month.
Antihistamines	They are prescribed only when allergic reactions appear (Suprastin, Tavegil). They are given 1-2 tablets a day, with meals.

All drugs are selected individually, depending on contraindications, concomitant diseases. Treatment is required for everyone who has had sexual contact with the sick person, especially if no condoms have been used.

During therapy, these people need to temporarily stop having sex. Especially if hard chancres appear on the genitals. When they are localized on the fingers, in the oral cavity, then you need to use only individual cutlery and personal hygiene items.

Traditional methods of treatment

Chancre and erosion can be lubricated with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory folk remedies. For example, oil from fresh burdock root. It is crushed, poured with vegetable oil and infused for 24 hours. Then simmer for 15 minutes, cool and filter. The tool is used to lubricate chancres, erosion and ulcers several times a day.

Make applications with propolis infusion. Tincture (10%) is diluted in boiled water in a ratio of 1: 3. Also, fresh plantain and burdock leaves can be tied to chancres and ulcers (they must first be kneaded). Additionally, they make baths with iodine.

Shankras and erosion are smeared with an infusion of yarrow, onions, resin of conifers. They are taken in equal proportions, mixed with natural wax or pork fat to the consistency of an ointment. Then the agent is applied to the affected area.

After the end of therapy, the patient should be observed by a venereologist, first every three months for a year. Then - with an interval of 6 months, then - once a year. The duration of control examinations is determined by a venereologist.

Possible consequences and complications

Chancre with syphilis (photo shows an almost healed area) disappears after 3-4 weeks. But the disease continues to develop, and the lack of therapy causes serious complications - phimosis, paraphimosis. In the genitals, necrotic processes begin.

When a hard chancre appears, other pathogenic agents, except for pale treponema, can enter the body through it. Then the affected area begins to itch, itch, hurt. Under the chancre, inflammation develops, pus accumulates.

The penetration of an additional infection can occur due to diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, trauma to soft tissues near the syphiloma. Poor hygiene is more common. The presence of chancre in women often leads to inflammatory bartholinitis, infectious vaginitis, endocervicitis of the uterine cervix.

Men can be diagnosed with:

• balanitis;
• phimosis of the foreskin;
• balanoposthitis;
• necrotic processes in the head;
• gangrene of the penis.

With a long stay in the body of pale treponemas, hard chancre, serious changes begin in the bone tissues. As a result, movement becomes limited and the risk of injury increases. If therapy is not started on time, neurosyphilis may develop with damage to the central nervous system, which provokes the appearance of miningomyelitis, meningitis, and paralysis. If the patient is not treated at all, then this leads to death.

Shankry with syphilis (photos are presented in the article) do not bother, disappear on their own, but this does not mean that the disease has receded. The appearance of syphilis just indicates the first or second stage of development of syphilis and treatment must be started immediately.

Video about chancre for syphilis

Chancre with syphilis: