Cyanocobalamin tablets. Instructions for use, where to buy, price, reviews

Cyanocobalamin - a substance that compensates for the lack of vitamin B-12 in the body, it has recently become available in the form of tablets, capsules and chewable lozenges.

Previously, drugs based on it could only be used by injection, which significantly limited the use outside hospitals and made it impossible to take it independently. Many diseases, strict diets, age-related changes are accompanied by a lack of this micronutrient and require timely correction, which has been greatly simplified with the advent of pills.

Indications for use

Official medicine uses cyanocobalamin to correct conditions for various anemias: iron deficiency, hereditary, medicinal, parasitic, malignant and directly caused shortage of B-12.

Other indications for the appointment of cyanocobalamin:

• inflammation or fibrotic process in the liver;
• impaired renal function;
• disorders of the central nervous system, as well as the peripheral nervous system, including neuritis, Down's syndrome, cerebral palsy;
• dermatitis, herpes, psoriasis, other pathologies with skin lesions;
• oncology of various localization, the period of radiation therapy;
• spinal injury and brain damage;
• extensive blood loss;
• anorexia;
• Crohn's disease.

With these pathologies, cyanocobalamin supplements complex courses of treatment, the dosage and duration of admission are calculated by the doctor. For medical indications, injectable forms of the drug are often used, gradually switching to maintenance therapy with oral forms. However, modern dietary supplements are often not inferior to solutions in terms of their ability to be absorbed by the body.

Cyanocobalamin tablets may also be required if there is a lack of B-12, which occurs for the following reasons:

• increased physical activity;
• pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract that prevent the absorption of cobalamin;
• a vegetarian or vegan diet;
• elderly age.

Therapy with antidiabetic or diuretic drugs, long-term intake of vitamin C can also provoke a lack of cyanocobalamin. The micronutrient is not synthesized by the body, it is replenished only with food, therefore, the risk group for hypovitaminosis includes everyone whose diet is not balanced in terms of the content of natural animals products.

On the other hand, the vitamin has a cumulative effect, so its deficiency develops only with prolonged disorders, which should be confirmed by test results.

Compound

Formulations B-12 may contain cyanocobalamin, adenosylcobalamin, or methylcobalamin. The first of them is a synthetic substance that, when ingested, is metabolized to bioavailable forms.

Adenosyl- and methyl-cobalamins are of natural origin, do not undergo processing by the liver, therefore they are used for pathologies of this organ (cirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty degeneration).

None of these types of drugs can be called preferable. For some, a natural composition is more suitable, for others it is not absorbed and a synthetic analogue is required. Therefore, the active substance is selected on the recommendation of a doctor or on the availability of the drug.

Then monitor the effectiveness in the laboratory after 2 weeks. In the absence of results, the drug should be changed. Most often, positive dynamics is observed precisely when using artificially synthesized cyanocobalamin.

Additionally, the tablets may contain various ingredients to stabilize the formulation, shape it and provide solubility. The most commonly used are silicon dioxide, povidone, stearic acid, microcellulose, talc, titanium dioxide. They are auxiliary substances that do not affect the therapeutic effect.

In what form is it produced

Today, the injectable form of the drug is chosen only if an urgent result is needed, in case of a serious condition or ineffectiveness of enteral supplementation.

Any diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, proceeding with a decrease in acidity or a violation of the Castle factor, lead to 100% excretion of cyanocobalamin through the intestines. This makes taking the pills ineffective.

In all other cases, oral administration of the drug is chosen as the most convenient form of therapy. Cyanocobalamin tablets are compressed actives together with additional ingredients. Solid oral forms are usually cheaper than other types of the drug, they are easy to divide into parts if fractional administration is necessary.

It is difficult to establish the average price for vitamin B-12 tablets. Supplements are produced by many companies, while the price calculated for one tablet can range from 2 to 20 rubles.

There are also chewable lozenges and capsules that can be convenient to use if you have difficulty swallowing or digesting. But it should be borne in mind that these forms of cyanocobalamin include additional substances that are not related to the therapeutic effect: dyes, gelling agents, sweeteners, flavors.

By researching the composition of a particular drug, you can choose capsules or tablets suitable for vegetarians, vegans, or contain additional ingredients that increase the absorption of B-12 (for example, vitamin B-6, folic acid, and other).

Cyanocobalamin tablets have different dosages. The most popular are tablets with an active nutrient content of 0.5 and 1 mg. Preparations with a dosage of 5 and 10 mg are used exclusively as directed by a doctor for strict indications.

Pharmodynamics

The active substance is absorbed by the small intestine, after which it is transported to the liver, where it becomes active metabolites - methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin.

Further, the forms of the nutrient natural for the body take part in the following processes:

• cholesterol metabolism;
• absorption of folic acid;
• synthesis of methionine, creatine, DNA building;
• building and detoxifying nerve fibers;
• maturation of red blood cells and the production of hemoglobin;
• maintaining the integrity of the membranes of blood cells;
• normalization of blood coagulation.

Methylcobalamin is involved in the transport of proteins, oxygen, restores the conductivity of nerve synapses. Vitamin B-12 is necessary to maintain normal blood composition, health of both the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Pharmacokinetics

After taking cyanocobalamin (on an empty stomach), the maximum concentration of its active metabolites in the blood is reached after 3 hours. The cumulative effect after a course intake (at least 80 days) is observed up to 4 weeks after its end.

After 28 days from the start of therapy, the concentration of B-12 is twice the initial values. For 84 days of using dietary supplements, the values ​​double, after which they begin to gradually decrease.

The excretion of the substance occurs mainly through the kidneys. With normal assimilation of cyanocobalamin, this figure reaches 90%. With poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, the body removes the unchanged substance with feces.

Application

Cyanocobalamin tablets are swallowed with water, once or divided into 2-3 doses per day. Vitamin B-12 is better absorbed on an empty stomach. The usual daily dose for adults does not exceed 1500 mcg.

The duration of the course is determined by the doctor. Prevention of hypovitaminosis in the presence of a predisposition to cabolamine deficiency is carried out once or twice a year, depending on the indications. After 30 days of therapy, it is recommended to make a control blood test for B-12 content to assess the effectiveness of the drug.

For children under 18

The use of cyanocobalamin for children should be justified by serious indications, and the dosage and course are prescribed by a pediatrician. The doctor also determines the preferred form of the drug, indicated for different ages.

The average need for vitamin B-12 in children under 3 years of age is 0.8 mcg / day. This amount is gradually increasing and by the age of 13 it reaches 1.8 μg. It is possible to determine the need for additional intake of cyanocobalamin and its amount only in the laboratory. Prophylactic supplementation without the appointment of a pediatrician until the age of 14 is prohibited.

For adults

Adolescents and adults need a daily intake of vitamin B-12 with food in the amount of 2.4 mcg. If it is impossible to ensure this level, tableted additives are used.

Features of the use of cyanocobalamin:

• for women during menopause, an additional intake of a vitamin is prescribed in combination with calcium preparations to prevent osteoporosis;
• with bowel diseases and a lack of Castle factor, daily norms should be significantly increased;
• doses to compensate for B-12 deficiency in adults vary widely from 250 to 2000 mcg and are determined individually;
• tablets can be drunk 1 time per day, choosing the first half of the day, combining with one of the meals.

The course of treatment is at least 4 weeks. Such cycles can be repeated several times a year.

For pregnant

Cyanocobalamin is involved in the conversion of homocysteine, maintaining its concentration at the required level. Doctors associate the excess of the normal amount of this amino acid with the development of placental insufficiency, fetal hypoxia, miscarriage, and gestosis of pregnant women. The need for vitamin B-12 during gestation increases to 3 μg / day.

Cyanocobalamin in tablets for solving the problem of hypovitaminosis during pregnancy is prescribed extremely rarely, subject to constant medical supervision. Maintaining the required level of B vitamins in pregnant and lactating women is recommended through a well balanced diet, which excludes overdose.

The safety of supplements during gestation and lactation has not been clinically proven, and too high levels of cyanocobalamin are teratogenic.

For the elderly

Lack of vitamin B-12 in people over 60 years old occurs due to a decrease in the ability to assimilate the intestines. Therefore, the substance may not be enough even with a balanced diet. Cyocobalamin is necessarily a part of vitamin complexes for this age group. A separate intake of a monopreparation is prescribed for medical reasons.

Contraindications

The use of cyanocobalamin tablets has several strict contraindications:

• an allergic response to any substance in the solid form;
• excess of the normal level of hemoglobin and erythrocytes;
• tendency to thrombosis;
• primary polycythemia (Vakez disease).

Cyanocobalamin mono-preparations are used with caution in oncology, heart failure, angina pectoris. Pregnancy and age up to 14 years are relative contraindications for taking vitamin B-12, which is associated with the need for a strict selection of the dosage based on the test results.

Overdose

Excess B-12 is easily removed from the body, and an accidental excess of the dose usually does not provoke any negative consequences. A single dose of up to 1000 mcg is considered relatively safe. Violations can be noted when this number is significantly exceeded.

An overdose of cyanocobalamin is evidenced by the following manifestations:

• violation of the heart rhythm (most often - tachycardia);
• nausea, vomiting;
• feeling hot;
• hives;
• diarrhea.

At the first symptoms, it is enough to cancel the drug and carry out symptomatic therapy: gastric lavage, taking sorbents or antiemetics. Excess substances are quickly excreted in the urine and feces.

Prolonged excess of the required doses of the vitamin contributes to its accumulation and causes more serious consequences:

• peripheral thrombosis;
• heart failure;
• stagnant circulation;
• pulmonary edema;
• anaphylactic shock (rare).

To stop such life-threatening conditions, urgent medical attention and therapy are required in a hospital setting.

Side effects

A course or one-time intake of cyanocobalamin can cause side reactions of the body of varying severity. Most often, slight weakness, dizziness, problems with falling asleep are noted.

Other side effects possible when taking cyanocobalamin:

• increased anxiety, irritability;
• migraine-type headache;
• increased body temperature;
• disorders of the digestive tract.

Much less often noted pain syndrome of joints, muscles, aches of the whole body. If any unusual reactions appear, a medical examination is required to decide whether to cancel or continue taking the drug, as well as adjust the dose.

Drug interactions

Vitamin B-12 has a very complex structure and contains a cobalt ion, which is able to enter into interaction with certain drugs (vitamins B-1, B-2, heavy metal salts) neutralizing them activity. Taking heart drugs and anti-thrombotic drugs against the background of cyanocobalamin therapy requires constant monitoring of blood coagulation.

The substance is characterized by increased activity in relation to other nutrients, especially the B vitamins. It remains neutral in relation to only one of them - B-3 (niacin). Cobalamin is better absorbed with folic acid, but high doses of B-9 do the opposite. When used together with B-1, the side reactions of the latter are significantly enhanced.

Features of the interaction of vitamin B-12:

Rational combinations	Invalid combinations	Reduces the absorption of cyanocobalamin
Calcium Vitamin B-5 (pantothenic acid) Vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) Vitamin B-9 (folic acid) Ascorbic acid (not in one solution) Chondroprotectors	Vitamins B1 and B2 Potassium Copper Iron Hemostatic drugs Chloramphenicol	Oral contraceptives Aminoglycosides Anticonvulsants Salicylic acid derivatives Metformin Colchicine

Vitamin B-12 and fat-soluble tocopherol (vit. E), retinol (vit. A) it is recommended to take it separately, taking a break between them for at least 4 hours. Alcohol blocks the absorption of cyanocobalamin, which causes its deficiency in alcohol abusers. Sugar is also a B-12 antagonist. Especially strongly interferes with the assimilation of the vitamin, the use of sweet carbonated drinks.

Storage conditions and periods

Cyanocobalamin preparations should be stored in their original packaging, protected from light, without allowing the temperature to rise above +25 ° C. After the expiration date, it is forbidden to use the additive inside. Cyanocobalamin usually retains its properties for up to 2 years; each manufacturer indicates more accurate information on the packaging.

Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies

The injectable form of the vitamin is available with a prescription. Tablet supplements do not require a medical prescription to purchase.

Analogs

Today on the pharmaceutical market there are tablet forms of both mono-preparations of vitamin B-12, and many of its combinations. Complex formulations allow the use of cyanocobalamin in the treatment of neurological problems, diabetic complications, intoxications or to carry out the prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis, beriberi, various types anemia.

Cyanocobalamin tablets on the Russian market are presented exclusively by European or American manufacturers. The domestic pharmaceutical industry offers complex preparations with B-12.

Solgar - Vitamin B 12

A mono-drug of American production has a dosage of the active substance (cyanocobalamin) - 100 or 500 mcg per tablet. The package contains 100 pcs. The average price of one tablet when ordering through the iHerb website is about 4 rubles.

A one-time dose of 1 tablet per day is recommended. The drug has shown efficacy in neuralgia, low hemoglobin, quickly compensates for the lack of B-12 and has practically no side effects.

Sometimes the absence of a therapeutic effect is noted, which requires a replacement of the drug.

Sundown Naturals - B-12

The tablet form of cyanocobalamin (500 mcg) produced in the USA belongs to the mono-preparations of vitamin B-12. The package contains 200 tablets, and its price does not exceed 400 rubles when ordering via the Internet.

The cyanocobalamin drug has a mild sedative effect, normalizes sleep, quickly restores normal health, and has a healing effect on the skin, nails and hair. Consumer reviews note among the negative aspects only the large size of the tablets, which is inconvenient for taking.

Country life

Cyanocobalamin in drugs of increased concentration is suitable for those who are diagnosed with moderate B-12 deficiency, vegans, vegetarians. The tablets contain 1000 or 500 mcg of active ingredient. The cost of an ode is about 10 rubles. The package contains 60 tablets. Reception can be done once a day for 1 piece, washed down with water.

The product is positioned on the international market as a kosher, vegan, quality vitamin with good bioavailability and all the necessary certificates.

Angiovitis

Combined preparation of B vitamins from the domestic manufacturer "Altayvitamins", which contains a small, maintenance dose of cyanocobalamin.

One tablet contains the following active ingredients:

• folic acid - 5 mg;
• pyridoxine - 4 mg;
• cyanocobalamin - 6 mcg.

Due to its composition, the drug is suitable for use in cardiovascular pathologies, is used in the prevention of atherosclerosis and to maintain a normal concentration of homocysteine.

It is recommended to take 1 tablet per day, the cost of which will be 3.5 rubles per package of 60 pcs.

Kombilipen

One of the most popular domestic drugs, with a combination of active substances that have the greatest effect on neuritis, neuropathies, polyneuritis, which has a good effect on brain function.

Compound:

• pyridoxine - 100 mg;
• benfotiamine - 100 mg;
• cyanocobalamin - 2 mcg.

The disadvantages of the drug include the need to take up to 3 times a day and a very small concentration of B-12, which is not suitable for the correction of hypovitaminosis for this vitamin.

The vitamin supplement is packaged in packages containing 30 or 60 pcs., And the average price for one tablet is more than 8 rubles.

Pentovit

Supplement of Russian production, containing 5 vitamins from one group. Despite the fact that some ingredients are considered a bad combination for each other, doctors and patients note positive dynamics in the treatment of Pentovitom nervous disorders, asthenic conditions, anemia.

The drug is also often used when it is necessary to restore and protect peripheral nerve endings (for example, in diabetes).

The composition of the active ingredients:

• nicotinamide - 20 mg;
• thiamine - 10 mg;
• pyridoxine - 5 mg;
• folic acid - 400 mcg;
• cyanocobalamin - 50 mcg.

Consumers negatively assess the need to take several pills up to 3 times a day. The positive aspects include affordability and low cost: when calculated per 1 tablet, the price does not exceed 2.5 rubles.

Cyanocobalamin is an irreplaceable substance that the human body needs every day. However, when using multivitamin complexes or mono-drugs in tablets, one should take into account the storage capacity of B-12. A prophylactic admission without medical indication should not be extended for more than 30 days.

Article design: Vladimir the Great

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