Ketotiphen for children. Reviews of doctors, instructions for use, dosage, price

An effective remedy for bronchial asthma treatment in children and elimination of allergic symptoms - Ketotifen. This is an antihistamine of the cycloheptothiophene category. Reviews confirm its high efficiency and minimal side effects.

Release form and composition of the drug

The drug is manufactured by several domestic pharmaceutical companies and foreign manufacturers. In pharmacies you can find a Bulgarian drug under the trade name "Ketotifen Sopharma".

The medication is presented in 4 dosage forms for children of different ages:

• Pills contain 1 mg of the active ingredient. They are round, flat in shape with a subtle pleasant aroma. They are delivered to pharmacies in cardboard boxes, inside which there are blisters made of purified medical polymer and foil. Each contains 10 tablets. In total, there are up to 60 units of medication in a pack.
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• Syrup for oral administration. It is a yellowish or transparent (depending on the manufacturer) liquid with a viscous consistency with a strawberry or vanilla aroma. The bottle with a capacity of 50, 100 or 150 ml is made of impact-resistant plastic. The set includes a measuring spoon or a glass with graduations. The concentration of the active ingredient is 2 mg / 1 ml.
• Capsules oblong in a gelatinous shell that is rapidly absorbable and soluble in water. They contain the same amount of active ingredient as tablets - ketotifen.
• Eye dropsused in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The content of a pharmacologically active chemical compound is 0.25 mg / 1 ml.

Ketotifen for children reviews are collected in large quantities. In them, parents note the pleasant taste of the medicine and the rapid onset of the therapeutic effect. The active ingredient of the drug is ketotifen hydrogen fumarate.

This organic compound has an antagonistic effect on histamine H1 receptors, inhibits mast cells and other cells that provoke allergic reactions. Hydrofumarate suppresses inflammation in the bronchial trunk, eliminates asthmatic symptoms, increases the resistance of muscle fibers to convulsive reactions of acetylcholine genesis.

Auxiliary components of Ketotifen:

Chemical compound	Properties
Starch	A complex polysaccharide that is easily absorbed by the body. Does not change the structure under the influence of gastric and hepatic enzymes. Participates in the decomposition of cholesterol, relieves allergic tissue edema, has moderate anti-inflammatory properties.
Lactose	An organic carbohydrate saturated with glucose. It stabilizes the central nervous system, facilitates the absorption of trace elements, protects against caries, and nourishes the beneficial intestinal microflora.
Magnesium stearate	The standard component of almost all medicines, which gives uniformity and clear structuredness to the dosage form. Possesses high emulsifying properties.
Dihydrogenated Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate	Included in the pharmacological group of vitamins. A source of calcium that is actively involved in the formation and strengthening of bone tissue. In addition to the process of osteogenesis, it promotes the transmission of nerve impulses, is involved in the mechanism of hemostasis, and normalizes the work of the cardiovascular system.

The eye drops contain distilled water, and the tablets and syrup contain a natural flavor that gives them a pleasant smell and taste. The balanced formula of Ketotifen provides a complex effect of the drug.

Pharmacological properties

The active component of the drug reduces bronchial hyperactivity of anaphylactic etiology by stopping histamine receptors of the H1 type and suppression of the synthesis of acetylcholine - an organic neuromuscular neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division of the NS.

During normal functioning of the endocrine and immune systems, this biochemical compound is rapidly decomposed under the influence of a specific enzyme - acetylcholinesterase. In conditions of physiological disruptions caused by the invasion of allergens, this function is assumed by ketotifen hydrofumarate.

The active substance stabilizes the membrane membrane of mast cells-granulocytes, which are built into the biochemical structure of the immune system. They secrete tryptase, histamine and other protective substances that suppress allergenic agents.

Ketotifen for children reviews are characterized as a drug with high prophylactic activity against respiratory dysfunctions of anaphylactic genesis. In case of violation of the membrane membrane of granulocyte cells, a decrease in their antiallergic activity is observed.

Hydrofumarate quickly restores the damaged structure. Clear signs of rupture of the mast cell membrane are tissue edema (including the walls of the respiratory tract), severe itching, redness. The pharmacological properties of Ketotifen are aimed at eliminating this painful symptomatology.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Hydrofumarate prevents the release of histamine and other immunocompetent biochemical substances into the bloodstream, thereby reducing the body's defense response to the invasion of foreign proteins. This is due to the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug.

The active substance of the drug prevents the accumulation of eosinophils in the tissues of the walls of the respiratory canals - blood elements, which are the basis of the leukocyte formula and perform a number of protective functions - in particular, they suppress the activity of pathogenic microflora.

They are introduced into the inflammation focus and trigger cellular receptors that are responsible for antiparasitic immunity. However, in doing so, eosinophils release specific enzymes known as inflammatory mediators.

By suppressing their activity, hydrogen fumarate eliminates the cause of the pathological process. The active ingredient of Ketotifen has almost 100% resorption (absorption, absorption) from the gastrointestinal tract.

The maximum concentration level in the plasma fraction of blood is observed after 2-4 hours. after taking a pill, capsule or serving of syrup. The equilibrium state occurs when the minimum daily dose is taken - 2 mg. Hydrofumarate binds to the protein components of the blood plasma by 75%.

The drug is 60% metabolized in the hepatic organ in the following ways:

• demethylation;
• n-oxidation;
• glycuroconjugation.

Metabolism in a child's body differs from a similar process in adults only in the fastest clearance - the rate of purification of biological fluids and tissues from pharmacologically active substances.

Ketotifen is eliminated from the body in a biphasic pattern corresponding to the circadian cycle. The short half-life is 3-5 hours, the long-term is 21 hours. Approximately 1% of the chemical formula of the drug is found in urine, 60-70% are excreted during metabolism in the form of metabolic products.

Indications for use

Ketotifen for children has a clinical effect in anaphylaxis of various etiologies and symptoms.

In reviews of the drug, parents note its positive effect on:

• allergic dermatitis;
• hay fever;
• rhinitis;
• atopic and other forms of bronchial asthma:
• small rash of the skin;
• hives;
• anaphylactic conjunctivitis;
• allergic reactions caused by pathologies of internal organs;

Ketotifen is used for microbial infections that cause an acute immune response of the body, as well as for invasions with toxic secretions. It is often used as part of combined drug therapy for inflammation of the respiratory system and mucous membranes.

Contraindications

The drug has a number of absolute medical prohibitions and relative restrictions on the use.

Ketotifen is not prescribed for:

• individual intolerance to the active substance or auxiliary components of the drug;
• thrombocytopenia, when the level of these blood cells is below 150⋅109 / l;
• epileptic seizures;
• severe functional disorders of the kidneys;
• chronic liver pathologies.

The drug is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier into breast milk. Other contraindications are associated with age restrictions and the release forms of Ketotifen.

At what age can the drug be used?

Antihistamine medication is not prescribed for children under 6 months. For patients under 3 years old, Ketotifen is used exclusively in the form of a syrup with strawberry or vanilla flavor.

The tablet preparation is used to eliminate anaphylactic symptoms in older children. This also applies to eye drops for the treatment of manifestations of allergic conjunctivitis. This form of the drug is a colorless liquid. It is buried in the conjunctival sac.

Instructions for use, dosage

Ketotifen for children is prescribed by a doctor of the appropriate specialization.

This could be:

• pediatrician;
• pulmonologist;
• family doctor;
• neurologist;
• allergist.

He also chooses the appropriate dosage form of the drug and calculates the dosage. The duration of the therapeutic course and the intensity of taking the medication is determined individually, depending on the nature of the pathological manifestations and the severity of the symptoms.

A stable clinical effect is observed after 1.5-2 months of regular intake of the drug according to the scheme developed by the doctor.

Typical therapy tactics:

• children are given medicine 2 times a day;
• it is necessary to take the drug with meals;
• a standard single dose of syrup is 1 scoop containing 2.5 ml of liquid medication;
• children from 3 to 10 years old are given no more than 1.5 mg of active ingredient per 1 dose;

Tablets, capsules and syrup are taken only orally, eye drops - conjunctival. It is necessary to complete therapy by gradually decreasing the dose. This will avoid allergic and asthmatic relapses.

Side effects

Ketotifen for children has collected reviews of different content. Some parents claim that taking the drug makes the child sleepy and slows down emotional reactions.

Sometimes the medicine will cause mild dizziness. Such adverse reactions occur at the beginning of the therapeutic course. The adaptation of the child's body is fast.

After a few days of course administration, the negative effects disappear. In some cases, the child's body reacts to the active substance and auxiliary components of Ketotifen with a sharp improvement in appetite, symptoms of dyspeptic disorder.

Rarely, the drug provokes a rapid increase in body weight, the appearance of urological complications, a decrease in the platelet count in the blood. The nervous system in some cases reacts with increased excitability, irritability.

From the side of digestion, vomiting, impaired defecation are possible. During the adaptation period, there is a drying out of the oral mucosa and a disorder in the work of the salivary glands. From the urinary system, dysuria is not excluded.

Overdose

If the prescribed daily intake of the drug is significantly exceeded, typical signs of drug intoxication are possible. Overdose cases of eye drops were not recorded.

If the daily intake of tablets or capsules is significantly exceeded, the following negative signs are likely:

• psychoemotional lethargy;
• confusion of consciousness;
• disorientation in space;
• nausea;
• vomit;
• loose stools;
• complicated sedation;
• convulsive syndrome.

When signs of drug intoxication appear, it is necessary to rinse the child's stomach, give activated charcoal, and observe the indicators of cardiovascular activity.

In the event of excessive psychomotor agitation, light barbiturates with a short duration of action and drugs of the benzodiazeline group are prescribed.

Ketotifen for children, parental reviews are characterized as a safe drug. They argue that the child often tolerates higher doses of the medication well. There are no signs of drug intoxication.

special instructions

Ketotifen is ineffective for eliminating acute anaphylactic reactions and facilitating breathing in chronic bronchial asthma. It only affects the visible signs of allergies and respiratory dysfunctions.

Against the background of an active inflammatory process in the body, it is allowed to combine Ketotifen with potent corticosteroid drugs. When treating allergic conjunctivitis with eye drops, you cannot use flexible contact lenses due to the content of benzalkonium chloride in their chemical formula.

Rigid lenses must be removed from the sockets immediately before the instillation procedure and reinserted for at least 15 minutes. after its end. Wheat starch, which is part of the tablets, undergoes special medical treatment and contains negligible gluten concentration.

It does not pose a threat to the condition of patients with celiac disease - a special disorder of the digestive function provoked by damage to the receptors of the small intestine by certain types of food.

Drug interactions

With the parallel use of Ketotifen with other antihistamine drugs, it is possible the onset of the potentiation effect, which can lead to overdose and unpredictable reactions organism.

Concomitant use with antidiabetic medications increases the risk of thrombocytopenia. You can not use Ketotifen with sedatives and hypnotics.

When taken simultaneously with medicines to expand the bronchial cavity, their dosage is reduced to the minimum clinically appropriate limit. Ketotifen enhances the effect of sedatives and antipsychotics. Interaction with other drugs has not been established.

Analogs

There are several drugs and the principle of antihistamine action is identical to Ketotifen.

Hydrofumarate forms the basis of the chemical formula:

• Zaditena SRO - eye drops, in which the active substance is contained in a concentration of 375 μg / 1 ml versus 250 for Ketotifen.
• Ketofa is an encapsulated antihistamine.
• Phrenasma is a stabilizer of the mast cell membrane.
• Positana is a medication with moderate histamine-inhibiting activity.
• Stafena is a drug that suppresses the release of leukotrienes and other immunocompetent compounds that provoke allergic reactions.

Medicines based on desloratadine, which have a pharmacological effect similar to hydrofumarate, will become successful substitutes for Ketotifen. These include Allergomax. This medication is indicated for use only in children over 10 years of age.

To eliminate the symptoms of seasonal anaphylaxis and allergic destruction of the skin, Zyrtec oral drops are used. From the age of 2, you can give your child Claritin, produced in the form of a sweet syrup.

Its chemical formula is based on the antiallergic properties of loratadine. A proven remedy for combating anaphylactic rhinitis and dermatitis is Suprastin.

Effectively relieves inflammation of the respiratory tract and swelling of the tissues of the nasopharynx, Erius syrup, indicated for children from 6 months. It reduces itching and eliminates allergic rashes.

Terms, conditions of sale and storage

Ketotifen is a prescription drug. Vacation in pharmacies is possible only if there is an appropriate medical document filled out in accordance with all the rules. The shelf life of a hermetically sealed syrup in its original packaging is 4 years from the date of production.

Tablets and capsules in the same form can be stored for 36 months. The shelf life of a similar Bulgarian drug with the trade name "Sopharma" is 4 years. Store Ketotifen in a dry place out of the reach of children at a temperature not exceeding + 25 ° C.

Price

The cost of the drug depends on the form of release, the number of tablets or capsules in the pack, the volume of the bottle with syrup or eye drops. The concentration of the active substance also affects the price. Pack of 30 tablets costs in Russian pharmacies about 80 rubles.

Ketotifen syrup for children under 3 years old comes in a capacity of 50, 100, 150 ml. Parents' comments point out that buying the most roomy is the most profitable. Its approximate price is 100 rubles. Eye drops for conjunctivitis cost 50 rubles. per bottle with a capacity of 5 ml.

Video about Ketotifen

Review of Ketotifen Sopharma tablets: