Calcium gluconate belongs to drugs that replenish the disturbed calcium balance and phosphorus in the body. The injectable form of the drug (injections) allows the active compound to be absorbed better. Among the indications for use is a large list of diseases and pathological conditions. The drug is also used for prophylactic purposes.
Record content:
- 1 Forms of release and composition of the drug
- 2 Pharmacological properties
- 3 Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- 4 Indications for use
- 5 Contraindications
- 6 At what age can the drug be used?
- 7 Instructions for use, dosage of the drug
- 8 Side effects
- 9 Overdose
- 10 special instructions
- 11 Drug interactions
- 12 Analogs
- 13 Terms, conditions of sale and storage
- 14 Price in pharmacies in Moscow, St. Petersburg, regions
- 15 Video about calcium gluconate preparation
Forms of release and composition of the drug
The injectable form of the drug is available in clear solutions. The volumes are different: 5 and 10 ml. The solution is transparent, odorless and tasteless. It is placed in glass ampoules with a volume of 5 and 10 ml, which are in cardboard boxes of 10 pieces each.
The active ingredient is calcium gluconate monohydrate. 0.94 g of the compound is dissolved in 1 ml of the drug. Among the auxiliary compounds is water for injection. Calcium saccharate is sometimes added.
Pharmacological properties
First of all, the drug is used to replenish calcium ions in case of its deficiency, first in the blood, and then in the intracellular reserves of the cation. With bleeding, calcium gluconate has a hemostatic effect. After all, this ion is a 4 coagulation factor necessary for all stages of the coagulation process in normal conditions.
Calcium gluconate - injections (indications for use include not only bleeding), which have an anti-allergic effect. It is associated with the stabilization of mast cell membranes, which secrete large amounts of histamine. The latter, in turn, is responsible for the implementation of hypersensitivity reactions.
The anti-inflammatory effect of the drug calcium gluconate is used in the treatment of childhood infections. For example, in severe pneumonia, this remedy successfully normalizes the composition of calcium and phosphorus in the growing the body, while reducing the severity of inflammatory reactions, reducing the manifestation of symptoms intoxication.
The drug activates the autonomic nervous system, or rather, its sympathetic division. Intravenous injection of the drug promotes accelerated synthesis and release of adrenaline into the blood by the adrenal medulla.
A mild diuretic effect is known. But for long-term therapy of edema, calcium gluconate is not used.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Entering the body parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously), the drug appears in the blood. About half of calcium gluconate monohydrate binds to albumin (carrier), forming albuminate complexes.
The drug is distributed evenly over organs and tissues. It even penetrates the placenta and other histohematogenous barriers, therefore it is found in all biological fluids, including breast milk. Excretion is carried out through the urinary system.
Indications for use
The main task in prescribing the drug is to replenish the disturbed homeostasis of phosphorus and calcium.
Therefore, first of all, we mean the states when a cation deficiency is formed. In childhood, it is rickets caused by a deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. In adults, osteoporosis develops, accompanied by demineralization (leaching of calcium from the bone structure) and the risk of fractures.
The second condition is caused by a lack of function of the parathyroid glands. The level of parathyroid hormone in the blood decreases. Its deficiency causes an imbalance in calcium and phosphorus. Therefore, a primary or secondary lack of parathyroid hormone requires medication.
Calcium gluconate - injections, indications for the use of which include some pathological conditions in pregnant women. It is effective for eclampsia and other forms of preeclampsia. Along with magnesium sulfate, the drug fights systemic endothelial dysfunction (this condition causes gestosis, toxicosis of pregnant women).
The antiallergic effect of the drug is realized in the following diseases:
- bronchial asthma;
- angioedema;
- anaphylactic shock;
- urticaria and other skin manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions;
- gastroenterological manifestations of allergies;
- itchy skin.
Due to the presence of an anti-inflammatory effect, calcium gluconate is prescribed in the case of toxic liver damage, with hepatitis of various origins. Pathogenetic therapy of nephritis and severe infectious dermatoses also includes calcium preparations.
Calcium gluconate is a good hemostatic agent. Therefore, his injections are indicated for use in uterine, intestinal and other bleeding.
Calcium prophylaxis is recommended in perimenopausal women. After all, the risk of calcium deficiency and osteoporosis increases many times over.
For prophylactic purposes, the drug is used after injuries, in the presence of fractures. In the case of arthrosis, osteochondrosis, the intake of calcium gluconate helps to prevent the progression of the disease, together with other etiopathogenetic drugs.
Contraindications
First of all, the medication is not recommended for persons who have a history of an allergic reaction to it. It can be just a rash, or abdominal discomfort, or it can be anaphylactic shock. You should not risk it, it is better to replace the drug.
Lack of kidney function is considered a situation where the use of calcium supplements is at least risky. An increase in the concentration of creatinine or blood urea (markers of renal failure) is a contraindication to the appointment of calcium gluconate injections.
You do not need to use medication for hypercoagulation. We are talking about increased thrombosis, thrombophilia. There is a risk of blood clots and thrombosis. Calcium will only strengthen the plaque and increase its size. Therefore, for persons with thrombophilia, calcium gluconate is also contraindicated.
If, when examining the electrolyte composition of the blood, an increased calcium content is found, they speak of hypercalcemia. In this case, the drugs of the described group will only cause more harm than good.
At what age can the drug be used?
Calcium gluconate - injections, indications for use provide for the possibility of its use in a vein as early as three months, but only if the clinical situation requires it. The pediatrician must decide how necessary the administration of the medication is at the moment, whether it can be delayed.
An injection can be injected into the muscle only after reaching puberty, that is, from about 14 years old. This is associated with a high risk of developing necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous fat.
Instructions for use, dosage of the drug
The selection of the dose of calcium gluconate is based on the age of the patient. For newborns under 6 months, 0.1 ml to 1 ml is sufficient. Up to 3 years, the amount of the drug can reach 2.0 ml. The doctor selects the dose, focusing on the blood calcium content, tabular data and age, as well as the anthropometric data of the child (height and weight).
For adults, the therapeutic single dose is 5-10 ml. The drug is administered by intravenous stream, intravenous drip. Because of the high risk of developing necrosis, intramuscular injections are rarely prescribed.
Side effects
It is important first of all not to miss the signs of drug intolerance. This is itchy skin, blisters, rashes, as well as sore throat, feelings of congestion in the chest. When these symptoms appear, the situation is regarded as an allergic reaction to the drug.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, different variants of undesirable effects are possible. Constipation is more common. But the opposite situation is also possible: a tendency to indulge.
In some cases, patients are worried about nausea. It is followed by vomiting, but it does not bring relief. Against this background, abdominal discomfort may disturb. More often pains are localized in the projection of the umbilical ring and above (epigastric region).
Injections of calcium gluconate can cause undesirable reactions from the cardiovascular system. Although there is hypotension among the indications for use, the drug itself can cause it, paradoxically.
But this is possible with intramuscular injection. Intravenous infusion stimulates the sympathetic region and still increases blood pressure. Heart rhythm is often disturbed, because calcium ions affect the conductivity and excitability of cardiomyocytes (heart cells).
On the part of the kidneys and urinary system, the presence of edema of the legs or the periorbital zone (around the eyes) may be disturbing. Sometimes patients complain of frequent urination.
The occurrence of undesirable effects is usually associated with the presence of intolerance to the components of the drug. After cancellation, all symptoms disappear on their own.
Overdose
It is not always possible to observe the frequency of administration and take the required amount of drugs. If the daily dose is exceeded, the duration of the course of treatment, the onset of overdose symptoms is possible.
Common manifestations are considered to be weakness, increased fatigue in the flesh to the so-called chronic fatigue syndrome. Sometimes episodes of depression, apathy are possible. In the daytime, drowsiness increases, and at night, on the contrary, insomnia worries.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, constipation may disturb. There may be complaints of nausea, up to periodic vomiting, with no food intake. On the part of the cardiovascular system, blood pressure rises. Heart rate and pulse may increase.
special instructions
Calcium gluconate affects the speed of reaction, attention. For this reason, drivers and persons whose professional activities are associated with increased concentration and concentration, the drug is prescribed extremely carefully, warning of possible unwanted effects.
If, together with calcium gluconate, iron preparations are prescribed for the treatment of anemia, as well as fluoride, then between injections of a calcium preparation and iron-containing medications, you should wait three hours interval. Otherwise, the action of both drugs will be insufficient.
Drug interactions
It is known that calcium gluconate is not recommended with other drugs that are prescribed to replenish the cation balance. The concentration of the ion will increase, there is a risk of developing hypercalcemia, a condition toxic to the kidneys.
Cardiologists are wary of prescribing calcium gluconate along with cardiac glycosides. In this clinical situation, cardiotoxicity increases, the risks of developing cardiac arrhythmias increase. The described medication is also not combined with antiarrhythmic drugs "1 C" of the class due to the risk of potentiation of the proarrhythmogenic action.
Calcium gluconate is combined with drugs of the tetracycline series, but noticeably reduces the antibacterial activity of the latter. Therefore, with a joint appointment, the dose of the antibiotic should be increased.
Analogs
There are many drugs on the modern pharmaceutical market that act like calcium gluconate.
There is a whole list of similar tools:
- Calviv;
- Pangamat Calcium;
- Calcium hydroxyapatite;
- Lect;
- Calcium gluconate Vial;
- Calcium lactate;
- Calcium gluconate SOLOpharm.
The active connection is the same. Accessory components may vary.
Terms, conditions of sale and storage
The drug is sold through the pharmacy chain. It belongs to non-prescription drugs, so it won't be a problem to get it without a doctor's prescription.
Given the possibility of an overdose and the appearance of dangerous adverse reactions, it is better to store the medication out of the reach of children. It should be dark, because under such conditions the drug will not disintegrate in sunlight. The optimum temperature is +25 ° С.
Price in pharmacies in Moscow, St. Petersburg, regions
The cost of the medication differs in different regions and regions of the Russian Federation. For comparison, ampoules of calcium gluconate from two manufacturers were taken. The results are shown in the table below.
| Region | The cost of the drug, manufacturer "Vial", rubles. | The cost of the drug, manufacturer SOLOpharm, rubles. |
| Moscow | 135 | 195 |
| St. Petersburg | 110 | 185 |
| Krasnodar region | 126 | 190 |
| Crimean Republic | 130 | 200 |
| Yakutia | 170 | 230 |
| Bashkortostan | 140 | 190 |
| Udmurtia | 100 | 190 |
| Ekaterinburg | 115 | 210 |
| Saratov | 115 | 188 |
| Tyumen | 100 | 200 |
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District | 110 | 210 |
Calcium gluconate is considered an effective remedy for different groups of diseases. Intramuscular injections can be prescribed only after reaching the age of 14. Among the indications for use are conditions such as bleeding, inflammatory diseases of the skin, kidneys, liver, lack of calcium. It is important not to allow the use of the drug with an excess of cation in the blood.
Article design: Vladimir the Great
Video about calcium gluconate preparation
Instructions for the use of calcium gluconate tablets:
