Treatment of purulent wounds. Preparations, remedies, clinical guidelines for the phases of the wound process in diabetes mellitus, tumor, pregnancy

Purulent wounds are a serious complication, which often accompanies the healing process of injuries in patients with chronic diseases, and can provoke serious consequences for their health.

Timely consultation with a specialist and treatment with prescribed drugs will help to avoid discomfort, deterioration of well-being and the development of other diseases against the background of long recovery. For a quick cure, it is important not only to fulfill all the appointments of a specialist, but to correctly establish the cause of the decay and eliminate it as soon as possible.

Reasons for the appearance

Treatment of purulent wounds, drugs for which have different properties, largely depends on the cause of complications during healing. Only the correct diagnosis of the cause of wound suppuration is the basis for the active effect of drugs and a quick recovery.

The most common causes of suppuration are associated with the characteristics of damage, which include cases:

• contamination of the wound during or after injury. In this case, various bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, E. coli) or microorganisms that inseminate the site of contact and multiply rapidly in comfortable environment;
• non-standard damage. So damage to a large surface area of ​​the body (for example, with burns) or deep puncture wounds are often accompanied by the appearance of pus;
• the presence of dead tissue near the wound (with frostbite), large accumulations of blood clots, which begin to decompose naturally, provoking infection of neighboring tissues and the development of purulent processes.

In some cases, wound festering can begin even after surgery with:

• reduced immunity (congenital or acquired). Microbes and bacteria that enter the body, even in small quantities, begin to develop actively due to the patient's lack of antibody production in the required amount. Even bacteria, harmless to a healthy person, in this case, can cause abscesses during the healing period of the damage;
• neglect of personal hygiene, which can lead to wound contamination;
• endocrine diseases in a patient (diabetes mellitus). With such a disease, any damage heals for a long time and has a tendency to suppuration;
• vitamin deficiency, in which a lack of nutrients causes a weakening of the immune system and reduces the protective functions of the body;
• being in hot climates with high humidity, when the wound becomes viscous and heals longer;
• getting wounds by elderly patients (more than 65 liters), when the body's capabilities for self-healing are greatly reduced.

  

Additional factors have a relative influence on the development of purulent changes, such as:

• the site of damage (injuries on the hands are more difficult to heal due to their constant use, and the legs are more often exposed to dirt, so the wounds on them fester more often);
• the site of injury (a home wound heals better than a less sanitary injury);
• inability to provide prompt medical assistance;
• a large number of insects during the period of damage;
• method of injury.

All these factors, individually and in various combinations, cause complications in wound healing in the form of tissue inflammation, pain and the appearance of pus. The presence of pus in the wound is a symptom that requires immediate examination by a specialist and treatment.

Drug treatment

Treatment of purulent wounds, drugs for which are divided depending on the method of exposure to several groups, begins with the obligatory daily surgical treatment of the wound and sterile dressing. This procedure is required for all patients.

After removing the old bandage, purulent wounds are first washed. This is done to wash away pus, dried crusts, and other secretions from the tissues.

Disinfectants

It is recommended to wash the wound with disinfectants (furacilin or potassium permanganate solution), which are suitable for pregnant women and diabetics:

1. To prepare a solution for processing, use furacilin tablets (1 pc. for 1 tbsp. boiled water), potassium permanganate granules (a pinch on the tip of a scapula for 0.5 liters of water) or a ready-made solution of drugs.
2. The composition is applied to sterile cotton wool or a tampon in large quantities.
3. The surface of the wound is treated with a damp swab, the dried crust and purulent discharge are washed off. Furacilin and potassium permanganate can be used for up to 30 days. locally.

The cost of drugs varies between 20-40 rubles.

After washing, surgical wounds in women in labor or in patients with diabetes mellitus must be treated with brilliant green:

• A cotton swab is immersed in brilliant green and then the wound is abundantly lubricated with the composition.
• Zelenka not only kills all types of bacteria and microorganisms, it has the property of drying out the wound and accelerating the appearance of a protective crust on its surface.
• Processing with brilliant green is carried out within 5-7 days. The cost of a bottle of the drug is 30 rubles.

For healthy patients, antibacterial treatment is sufficient for any wound to heal successfully. However, pregnant women, patients with weakened immunity (for example, after chemotherapy, tumors) and with diabetes mellitus minor purulent manifestations require mandatory local treatment of damage with antiseptic ointments, which can to be antibiotics included:

• Tetracycline ointment possesses increased antiseptic properties and promotes rapid healing of even weeping tissues. It is often used for burned skin lesions. Tetracycline ointment is widely used to treat purulent wounds in pregnant women (with the exception of the 1st trimester of pregnancy). A small amount of ointment is applied to a steel bandage or wax mesh and applied to the wound. Then the damage is bandaged. The drug costs 70 rubles.
• Benzylpenicillin (ointment) is considered the most popular remedy for the external treatment of festering wounds. The ointment is actively used for the healing of purulent wounds and abscesses in children from birth and pregnant women, since it has no contraindications. The drug has increased antibacterial, healing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is easily washed off and quickly absorbed into the surface. Apply the medicine in a thin layer 2-3 times a day. The cost of the drug is 330 rubles.
• Levomikol is a proven drug used for wound healing after surgery. The drug contains the antibiotic chloramphenicol, which has antibacterial properties in relation to most bacteria, therefore, such an ointment is recommended for patients with diabetes mellitus and low immunity. The medicine reduces the level of inflammation and improves blood circulation in the tissues. Apply the ointment 2 times a day when treating the surface. The cost of the drug is 80 rubles.
• Linimentbalsamic according to Vishnevsky It is widely used in the treatment of injuries of a different nature. The ointment has a natural base, therefore it is suitable for use in all categories of patients. Vishnevsky's ointment gently disinfects the wound. The remedy relieves inflammation, and the components of the drug contribute to the rapid healing of damage. The ointment has an astringent composition and creates a thin protective film on the surface against re-infection. It is applied to a gauze swab, which is applied to the wound for 2-3 hours. 2-3 times a day. The cost of the drug is no more than 120 rubles.
• Streptocide ointment used when streptococcus enters the wound. The drug has an aggressive composition, therefore it is recommended for use in healthy patients and patients with tumor formations. The components of the drug are able to neutralize pathogenic flora and promote tissue healing. The ointment is applied to the wound with a thin layer 2-3 times a day. The cost of the medicine is 70 rubles.
• Boneocin in the form of a powder or ointment, it is actively used to heal lesions in different areas of the skin. Baniocin contains bacitracin and neomycin, which enhances the antibacterial properties of the composition. The medicine kills all bacteria and germs and forms a protective layer on the surface of the wound. The composition of the drug allows you to use the product for pregnant women and children from birth. The medicine is applied to a gauze bandage or sprinkled on the wound during dressing 2 times a day. The cost of the drug is 300-400 rubles. depending on the form of release.
• Edas 202m it is produced in the form of an ointment and promotes the rapid overgrowth of the skin and the restoration of its functions. The drug has a natural composition, therefore it has no contraindications and is widely used to treat children and adolescents. The medicinal ointment has bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties, helps to remove pus and relieve itching from the site of the lesion. The medicine is applied in a thin layer while dressing on the damaged surface 2-3 times a day for 5 days. The cost of the drug is 180 rubles.
• In complex dermatological cases, when an infection transmitted by insects and animals enters the wound, it is used antibiotic ointment acriderm genta. The drug has broad antiseptic properties, suppresses negative microflora and heals. The medicine relieves inflammation and has an analgesic effect even with kidney failure. The harmless composition allows it to be used for women during pregnancy and lactation. It is used 2-3 times a day, causing damage. The cost of the drug is 300 rubles.

With tissue damage over a large area or deep, the development of sepsis or with an increase in body temperature, local treatment of purulent wounds is not enough.

Most often, purulent manifestations accompany wounds in certain categories of patients with limited health (liver failure, congenital lack of immunity and diabetes mellitus). In this case, a surgeon or dermatologist prescribes a course of antibiotics, which has an appropriate range of action.

Treatment of purulent wounds, preparations for which contain an antibiotic, for certain categories of patients begin immediately after the appearance of complications in the form of a small suppuration.

Antibacterial agents with antibiotic

• Ampicillin in the form of capsules or tablets, which is allowed for reconciliation during lactation and pregnancy. The drug acts on many aerobic gram-positive bacteria, has pronounced anti-inflammatory properties. It is most often used for infections of the skin and soft tissues in diabetes mellitus. The medicine is taken, depending on body weight, 1-2 tab. 2 times a day for 7-15 days. The cost of packaging is 40 rubles.
• Amoxicillin has a pronounced antiseptic effect and copes well with many gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria, which most often cause wound suppuration. The drug kills most microorganisms and is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, which is important in renal failure. They take the medicine, including during pregnancy, 1 tab. 3 times a day (the exact dosage is prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the state of health and the type of lesion) for 5-10 days. The cost of the medicine varies from 100 to 150 rubles.
• Ampiox is a semi-synthetic antibiotic of the latest generation, which is effective not only against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms and bacteria, but also against a number of cocci. The drug actively promotes wound healing for patients with a lack of immunity. Tablets or capsules are used 1-2 times a day. The medicine can be used during pregnancy and for children, starting from 3 liters. with the appointment of a dose by a specialist. The course of treatment is 5-14 days, and the cost is 300 rubles.
• Cefuroxime - antibiotic of the 2nd generation, which has an active bactericidal effect against most bacteria and microorganisms, even in conditions of reduced antibody production. The medicine effectively relieves inflammation and inhibits the synthesis of a bulk of negative bacterial flora. The drug is available in the form of a powder for preparation of injections and administered at 250-500 mg 2 times a day for 5-10 days. The cost of the drug is 1100 rubles.
• Azithromycin is considered a proven remedy against bacteria and microorganisms in cases of an unidentified pathogen of suppuration. The medicine suppresses cocci and relieves inflammation. The drug is prescribed at 250 mg. adults 2 times a day for 5-7 days. The cost of the drug is 90 rubles.
• Tetracycline in the form of tablets is a drug with a wide spectrum of action and well complements the treatment of purulent wounds with antiseptic ointments for diabetes mellitus. It has a bacteriostatic effect, suppressing the protein synthesis of pathogens. Has an effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and mycoplasma. It is rapidly absorbed and distributed in most tissues and fluids throughout the body. A single dose of the drug is calculated depending on the age and body weight.

Age, l.	Single dose, mg
18 and more	250-500 mg up to 4 times a day
6-18	25-50 mg per kg every 6 hours.

The course of administration is 5-14 days, depending on the effectiveness of the drug. The cost of the medicine is 140 rubles.

To speed up the recovery of patients with festering wounds, a course of vitamins is prescribed.

Vitamins

• Alphabet is a popular drug and has several types developed for each category of difficult patients (pregnant women, elderly people, children of different categories). The drug contains the necessary set of vitamins and minerals, which are grouped for the most favorable assimilation. It is rapidly absorbed and after a week of intake helps to restore the balance of nutrients in the body. The medicine is prescribed for 1 t. 3 times a day for 20-60 days. The cost of the drug is 350 rubles.
• Complevit is considered the best vitamin complex with a lightweight intake system. The medicine is quickly absorbed and quickly normalizes the level of vitamins in the blood. It is easily combined with other drugs. The drug is drunk 1 ton. 1 time per day for 30-60 days. The cost of packaging is 200 rubles.

To relieve inflammation, patients with pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus are prescribed general drugs.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

• Ibuprofen has excellent anti-inflammatory properties. It relieves pain and promotes tissue healing in specific areas of the body. The drug is taken in 1 tab. 2-3 times a day for 7 days. The cost of packing the tablets is 110 rubles.
• Diclofenac effectively used as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agent. The medicine is rapidly absorbed after administration and locally helps to remove inflammation from tissues and skin. The medicine is taken in 1 tab. 2 times a day for 5-10 days. The cost of the drug is 350 rubles.

With severe pain, the surgeon may recommend that patients with poor health take painkillers, especially in the first 2-3 days. after the appearance of decay.

Pain medications

• Analgin able to relieve pain in case of infectious tissue lesions within 30-40 minutes. after taking. The medicine is drunk in 1-2 tabs. with an interval of at least 8 hours. up to 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 3-5 days. The cost of the drug is 70 rubles.
• Baralgin It is widely used to relieve the painful effect of wound suppuration. The drug is rapidly absorbed and relieves pain for 5-8 hours. The medicine is taken in 1-2 tabs. as needed, but not more than 3 times a day. The course of admission is 3-4 days. The cost of the medicine is 100 rubles.

In addition to drugs, the patient needs to create conditions for the body that will help its rapid recovery. For this, doctors recommend that patients follow a diet, reduce physical activity and rest more, as well as carry out all medical appointments.

Treatment with folk methods

Many patients with chronic diseases require more extensive treatment. In the case of diabetes mellitus, liver dysfunction and reduced immunity, doctors cannot prescribe certain types of medications. In this case, folk methods are used as an aid for wound healing.

Treatment of purulent wounds, preparations for which can always be combined with natural remedies, using alternative methods, begin with formulations that draw pus from the affected areas.

Pulling compresses from beets, carrots or onions

1. To prepare the medicinal composition, the vegetable must be peeled and washed.
2. Then it is rubbed on a fine grater or grinded with a blender into a homogeneous gruel.
3. The mixture is spread on cheesecloth, folded in half, and wrapped in an envelope so that the pieces of vegetable do not fall into the wound.
4. A medical compress is applied to the injury site for 20 minutes and covered with a plastic bag.
5. Then the wound needs to be washed and treated.

It is recommended to apply a compress 3 times a day for 2-3 days, using a freshly prepared product each time. Already for 2 days. application of the amount of pus in the wound is significantly reduced.

Salt Washing Compound

As a means for washing purulent wounds during pregnancy, a salt solution is used.

1. 2 tbsp. l. the salts are dissolved in 1 liter. warm boiled water.
2. The composition is used to wash damaged tissues up to 6 times a day.
3. Then the site needs to be processed and bandaged. The course of treatment is 3 days. Salt has drying properties. It disinfects the surface and relieves inflammation.

Chamomile anti-inflammatories

To relieve inflammation from tissues with reduced immunity, chamomile infusion is used.

1. For its preparation 3 tbsp. l. dry chamomile flowers are poured with 230 ml of boiling water.
2. The composition is stirred and kept in a water bath for 15 minutes.
3. Then the product must be removed from the heat and filtered through a fine sieve.
4. Sterile gauze is moistened in broth and applied to the affected skin area for 20 minutes.
5. Then it is recommended to treat the wound with an antiseptic and bandage it. Chamomile infusion quickly relieves inflammation and promotes tissue healing. Compresses are applied 2-3 times a day for 3-4 days.

Sage antiseptic

As a natural antiseptic agent for diabetes mellitus and kidney failure, sage decoction is effectively used.

1. Dry sage leaves are combined with 300 ml of boiling water.
2. The composition is wrapped in a towel and left for 30-40 minutes.
3. Then the product is filtered and disposable wipes are soaked in it.
4. Wipes soaked in broth are applied to the damaged area of ​​the skin and left for 20-30 minutes.
5. When dry, the cloth can be wetted again or put on a new one. The tool is used 3-4 times a day for a week. Sage has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. It suppresses the hostile environment and promotes the healing of damage.

Healing Aloe Vera Extract

To accelerate the healing of the surface, it is recommended to lubricate the areas around the wound with aloe juice. Such a remedy is especially active for elderly patients, in whom the healing processes are greatly reduced.

1. A freshly cut branch of aloe is cut and squeezed out of the juice.
2. With a sterile cotton swab, the juice is applied to the skin along the perimeter of the lesion, slightly going into the damaged area. This should be done after washing and treating the wound with antiseptic agents.
3. Aloe juice is rapidly absorbed and promotes surface healing. It is recommended to use aloe for 2-3 days. every dressing change. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.

Folk remedies for the treatment of purulent wounds can only be used with sterile processing agents. It is recommended to do this with strict observance of medical prescriptions and in case of deterioration of the condition of the damage, immediately stop treatment with home remedies and consult a doctor.

Possible complications

Treatment of purulent wounds requires constant qualified supervision by a specialist who prescribed drugs to the patient. In the absence of medical treatment or failure to comply with the required medication course, minor suppurations can provoke severe complications.

These include:

• inflammation of the lymph nodes near the injury (lymphadenitis). Enlarged and painful lymph nodes require additional antibiotic treatment and cause great discomfort;
• lymphangitis or inflammation of the lymphatic vessels that are located above the wound. Lymphatic vessels turn red and provoke painful sensations when moving;
• blood poisoning (sepsis), which develops by infection in the bloodstream with prolonged suppuration of tissues;
• thrombophlebitis with clogging of inflamed vessels by blood clots at the site of tissue damage. If the blood supply to certain parts of the body is disturbed, tissue necrosis may begin, which will require surgical intervention;
• inflammation of the bone tissue develops with deep damage to individual areas. Osteomyelitis can only be treated with surgery and a course of various antibiotics with a long and painful recovery;
• complex purulent processes in soft tissues (abscesses and phlegmon), which affect different types of tissues and actively progress, injuring muscles.

Treatment of purulent wounds should be started as soon as possible, contacting a therapist or surgeon after the onset of suppuration. Modern means of diagnosing the cause of complications in the healing of any damage and the latest drugs for the treatment of suppuration do not take much time and are affordable.

And strict implementation of the prescriptions will allow you to get persistent improvements 2 days after the start of the course of treatment and completely restore health for an active and fulfilling life.

Video about the treatment of purulent wounds

How to treat a festering wound: