1 Indication for surgical intervention

Stoming of the intestine in medical practice is carried out quite often. It can be either permanent or temporary. Everything will depend on the degree of pathology. For example, if a complete removal of the intestine is carried out, the stoma is established on an ongoing basis, since there is no other way to ensure the normal functionality of the body. Temporary stoma is carried out at the time of treatment of the disease, for example, such as a hernia. Her surgical removal is planned for the period when the functionality of the body is restored. Patients who have had an external artificial aperture to remove stool are not entitled to disability, since the presence of the stoma does not apply to disease or serious pathology. Unlike the stoma itself, it is the indications for this procedure that may cause the patient to be assigned a certain group of disabilities.

The withdrawal of an artificial hole for the passage of stool may be necessary in the presence of the following pathologies:

• intestinal cancer;
• serious organ trauma;
• ischemic or nonspecific colitis;
• incontinence;
• chemical or radiation damage to the intestine.

There are many other diseases of this body, in the treatment of which it may be necessary to stop.

2 Types of stoma and care for them

In an operation conducted on the intestine, the patient may be equipped with ileostomy or colostomy.

If the outlet tube is installed in the wall of the large intestine, then the patient is shown a colostomy. When a tap is necessary from a thin - ileostomy. After the operation is completed, the patient on the abdominal wall will have a hole( fistula).A container for collecting feces is attached to it. In order to avoid complications in the postoperative period, the patient must independently learn how to take care of the stoma. Regular care will also avoid the appearance of an unpleasant odor.

According to statistical data, a large percentage of postoperative complications is due to the fact that people incorrectly handle an artificially excreted device( tube).

In order not to damage the stoma and to avoid irritation in the area of ​​the outlet, the kalospriemnik must be changed according to the established norms.

It is advisable to replace the one-component tailgate racks only after the contents of the bag of the receiver are half full or when it will deliver some discomfort to the patient. Using two-component receivers, the adhesive part is changed after 3 days.

The container for the collection of stools must be attached at the time of the defecation process. Immediately after emptying, the bag is removed and processed. The stoma of the intestine is treated with a soap solution. After cleaning, it must be dried. To do this, use a clean napkin. You can not rub, you need to blot. After washing, it is necessary to treat the fistula with a special tool called Stomageziv, or its analog. The mucous membrane of the intestine, too, should not dry up, as cracks may appear, so it is treated with petroleum jelly. The final step is the application of a clean wipe, which is fixed with a plaster.

3 Risk of complications

Despite the fulfillment of all medical prescriptions, complications in the postoperative period may develop. Most often there is irritation of the skin( or periosteal dermatitis).Near the discharge tube there may be a rash, which is accompanied by itching or burning. As a rule, such complications are observed in patients who did not immediately learn how to properly cope with the task - the treatment of an artificial hole. Do not exclude an allergic reaction to the drugs used during the treatment.

Other postoperative pathologies include:

1. Trauma of the mucous membrane by a catheter or tube. As a result, the patient may begin to bleed. Even with a small amount of discharged blood is recommended to see a doctor. In most cases, trauma is not a serious threat, but it can be otherwise.
2. Retraction of the stoma inside( retraction).The treatment of the place of stomirovaniya and the use of the kologopriemnika becomes problematic. Consultation of the doctor is necessary.
3. Narrowing of the opening( stenosis).As a rule, the narrowing process is observed during the course of the inflammatory process. With a severe form of stenosis, the process of defecation can be difficult or impossible. The solution to the problem is a surgical operation.
4. Indigestion of the intestinal stoma. Pathology is characteristic for people who expose their body to strong physical exertion, but loss can occur during a fit of coughing. As a rule, there is rarely a significant prolapse of the intestine, but in medical practice, cases of its complete loss are recorded. It is not recommended to direct the stoma independently, in spite of the fact that the patient's condition does not deteriorate with an insignificant outlet beyond the existing borders, nor does the functionality of the stoma.

If stamping has been performed during the treatment, do not be upset, as life does not end there. As soon as the patient begins to correctly handle the operated site and use a collection for stools, he will be able to fully return to his usual lifestyle.