Is Diakarb suitable for children and newborns - doctors' reviews and instructions for use

Diacarb is a drug that belongs to the group of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, has a good anti-edema and diuretic effect.

Also actively used as antiepileptic drug ( one of the components of general therapy).

Pharmacological action

Diuretic effect is achieved by reducing the number of electrolytes.

Their quantitative index falls due to a decrease in the activity of carbanhydrase enzyme( Diacarb inhibits the amount of sodium released from the carbonic acid in the tubule of the nephron), which plays a significant role in the transport of hydrogen ions. Deficiency of these ions contributes to the excretion of water and sodium from the body.

Due to the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliated body, the amount of watery moisture production decreases - this helps reduce the pressure in the eyes.

Due to the ability to lower the level of activity of the carbonic anhydrase substance in the brain, the drug has an antiepileptic effect.

Inhibition of the action of carbonic anhydrase also helps to reduce the amount of produced cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal cord, which reduces intracranial pressure.

Pharmacokinetics of the drug

After oral administration( 500 mg) Diacarb is rapidly absorbed into the digestive tract, the maximum content in the blood comes after 2 hours.

The active component penetrates into the blood plasma, red blood cells, kidneys, much less - in the muscles, liver, central nervous system, eyes. Does not accumulate in the tissues.

Valid for 12 hours.

About 90% of the drug in unchanged form is excreted by the kidneys( with urine), during the day.

Indications for use

Instructions for use on the preparation Diacarb points to such reasons for the use of medication:

• primary, secondary open angle or angle-closure glaucoma( to reduce pressure, before performing procedures or performing an operation);
• epilepsy( as one of the components of general therapy);
• swelling( with problems with the heart or after taking medication);
• altitude sickness( the acclimatization time is shortened, but the disease itself is not treated);
• pulmonary-cardiac syndrome;
• ICP;
• gout;
• titania;
• is one of the components of the course aimed at treating elevated ICP.

Contraindications to the use of Diakarba

There are also contraindications:

• increased sensitivity to the components( y) of the drug( life-threatening effects are possible);
• acidosis;
• Addison's disease;
• hypokorticism;
• diabetes mellitus( risk of hyperglycemia);
• functional adrenal insufficiency;
• lack of potassium or( and) sodium in the blood;
• uremia;
• decompensated chronic closed angle glaucoma. Caution with :
  • swelling due to impaired hepatic or renal function;
  • emphysema, pulmonary embolism, bronchial asthma( risk of acidosis).

  Pregnancy and lactation drug

  Contraindicated in the bearing of a child. In case of emergency, appoint no earlier than in the 2nd trimester.

  Clinical studies on the effects of Diacarbo on fetal development have not been conducted.

  Acetazolamide is excreted in breast milk, therefore it is impossible to combine lactation and taking the drug.

  Is it possible to use children

  Reviews indicate that Diacarb for young children, and even more so the newborn is not applied. The prescription of is possible for children older than 3 years of ( as part of a general course aimed at treating epilepsy).

  If necessary, you can assign earlier( but not earlier than 4 months), having weighed all possible risks and the need to obtain an immediate result.

  In acute forms of the disease, the drug is not prescribed, in view of the risk of developing hepatic and( or) renal encephalopathy, acidosis.

  With mild deficiency, the drug can be prescribed, but with great care.

  Forms of release

  Tablets 250 mg

  White, round, biconvex.

  Sold in blister packs, in cardboard pack, No. 12, 24, 30.

  Dosage and route of application of

  Medication is taken orally.

  Instructions for use on tablets Diacarb indicates such doses of medications:

  1. Edema: The initial dose is 250-370 mg per day( 1-1.5 tablets) taken in the morning. To achieve maximum diuretic effect take in a day, or 2 consecutive days through one.
  2. Open-angle glaucoma: 1 tablet( 250 mg) 1-4 times a day. The dosage of more than 4 tablets a day will not affect the effectiveness of treatment.
  3. Secondary glaucoma: for 1 table.every 4 hours. In the case of an acute attack, 250 mg 4 times a day. Some patients noticed efficacy at a dosage of 2 tablets per day( short-term course).Children prescribe 10-15 mg per kg. The received volume is divided into 3-4 doses per day.
  4. Preparation for surgery( glaucoma): 250-500 mg per day before surgery, and the same on the morning of the day of surgery.
  5. Epilepsy. Adults: 250-500 mg per day in one session, for 3 days, on day 4 - break. Children: 4-12 months - 50 mg per day, divided into 1-2 admission;2-3 years - 50-125 mg per day, in 1-2 sessions;4-18 years - 125-250 mg per day, one reception, in the morning. If the drug is taken in parallel with other antiepileptic drugs, the initial dose is 250 mg 1 time per day. Dosage for children per day should not exceed 750 mg.
  6. Mountain sickness: 500-100 mg per day, distributed at equal doses. Used as a prophylaxis( take a day or two before climbing) or eliminate symptoms( take in the same volume, until the symptoms are completely eliminated).
  7. Intracranial hypertension: 250 mg per day with one dose or 125-250 mg every 8-12 hours. The maximum dose is 750 mg per day.

  Special instructions

  Note the following moments:

  • in case of missed medication, the following doses do not need to be increased;
  • entering the course, it is necessary to limit the salt and water regime;
  • when taking Diacarb for more than 5 days there is a risk of metabolic acidosis;
  • do not consume drugs for more than 7 days;
  • with long-term admission costs regularly to perform analysis of peripheral blood, measure the volume of electrolytes and platelets, monitor the water-electrolyte and acid-base balance;
  • high doses of the drug can cause disorientation, drowsiness, dizziness, so during treatment, limit the performance of work requiring a reaction speed and increased concentration of attention( including driving vehicles);
  • increase in these dosages does not improve the therapeutic effectiveness of taking the drug.

  Side effects of

  Side effect of the medicine on the system of the body:

  1. Nervous system : hearing impairment( impaired perception or noise), paresthesia, disorientation, flaccid paralysis, photophobia.
  2. GI: loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, diarrhea, polyuria, taste disorder, hepatic colic, urolithiasis, nephrolithiasis, hematuria, hepatic necrosis( in case of body sensitivity to components).
  3. Metabolism: electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis.
  4. Hematopoietic system: , leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, patient patency, impaired bone marrow function.
  5. Vision: temporary myopia, sensitivity to light.
  6. Allergies: anaphylaxis, urticaria, Lyell syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme.
  7. Other: fever, muscle weakness.
  8. Laboratory indicators: glucosuria, hematuria, hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia.

  Overdose with drug

  No cases of overdose have been described. Probable increased manifestations of side effects.

  Treatment: aimed at eliminating symptoms and maintaining the patient's condition is normal, there is no special antidote.

  If a patient develops acidosis, bicarbonates must be prescribed. Hemodialysis is also indicated( to remove acetazolamide from the body).

  Interaction of Diacarbo with other drugs

  It should be noted that drug:

  • Strengthens the diuretic diuretic effect.
  • When combined with acid-forming diuretics, the diuretic effect of Diacarb intake decreases.
  • Do not take concomitantly with a large amount of acetylsalicylic acid, ephedrine, carbamazepine, nonpolarizing muscle relaxants( the risk of toxic effects increases).
  • Diacarb can increase the effect of hypoglycemic drugs, oral anticoagulants, folic acid antagonists.
  • When taking drugs that raise blood pressure, you need to adjust the dose of Diacarb.
  • Increases the absorption of phenytoin, primidone( which is contained in antiepileptic drugs).There may be a severe form of osteomalacia.
  • Diacarb increases the side effects of taking amphetamine, atropine, quinidine.
  • Given that the drug lowers glucose in the blood, you need to change the dose of insulin or tableted glycemic drugs in the treatment of diabetes.
  • Increases the amount of lithium removed, weakens its action.
  • Diacarb can increase the content of carbamazepine in the blood.

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  Reviews of patients and doctors

  Reviews of doctors and patients about Diacarb tablets are mostly positive.

  Here's what people write:

  1. Patient Lydia: "I used to suffer from headaches. Neither spazmolgon, nor tsitramon did not help. One neurologist prescribed Diakarb to me - for an hour all the discomfort passed! Only there was a small numbness of the extremities. Do not take more than 1 tablet a day! ".
  2. Patient Olga: "I have elevated ICP.I accept when in the morning my head hurts. At first, there is a kind of numbness of the tongue and face, the extension of the head. But then it passes, and it becomes easier. "
  3. Dr Alexey: "Due to possible individual reactions of the body and the likely adverse reactions, it is necessary to consult a doctor before taking the drug. Quite often there is a need to individually select the dosage( according to the sensations), despite the prescriptions given in the instructions. "

  Positive and negative characteristics of

  Pros:

  • reasonable cost;
  • preparation can very well cope with ICP, headaches, hydroencephaly;
  • is an excellent diuretic effect.

  Cons:

  • quite frequent side effects;
  • does not help everyone( especially with puffiness);
  • marked hyperexcitability in children;
  • leaching of beneficial substances from organisms;
  • the actual lack of analogues.

  Price Diakarba

  Price for tablets Diacarb 250 mg, 30 pieces: 220-250 rubles.

  Terms and Conditions of storage

  Store for a period of not more than 5 years from the date of manufacture, in a dry place protected from sunlight, away from children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

  . Leave at the pharmacy

  . Sold by prescription.

  Analogues of medicament

  Analogs Diacarb is a preparation that also contains acetazolamide.

  Diumerid, Acetazolamide are worthy drugs that can replace Diacarb.

  Diumerid

  Product: 250 mg tablet.

  The drug is slightly more slowly absorbed and absorbed into the blood.

  Indications and contraindications for the use of the drug are the same as that of Diakarb.

  Price for tablets 20 pieces: 160-200 rubles.

  Acetazolamide

  Form release: substance 5 kg, 10 kg.

  Due to the fact that there are no auxiliary components, the absorption rate and the level of digestibility of this drug will be lower than that of Diacarb.