The content of glucose in the blood is an important aspect in human life, as well as living organisms in general. This applies to both adults and children. The process is called glycemia, a variable, the result of which can be adjusted, approximating to the norm. Glycemia is controlled by the physiological processes of the body. For the concentration of glucose in the human blood is responsible for carbohydrate metabolism in the body.
The average glucose level in the blood of an adult male or female should be 3.2-5.5 mmol / l.(60-100 mg.).But, every age has its own norm.
Blood is tested capillary, i.e.from a finger and strictly on an empty stomach, before eating.
| No. | Age category | Assay rate( mmol / l). |
| 1. | In a child under 1 month | 2.7-4.4 mmol / L |
| 2. | In children under 14 years of age, | is 3.2-5.4 mmol / l. |
| 3. | Adolescents after 14 years of age / adults | 3.2-5.5 mmol / l. |
Blood is tested venous, i.e.from a vein and strictly on an empty stomach.
| No. | Age category | Normal( mmol / l). |
| 2. | In children under 14 years of age, | is 3.2-5.7 mmol / l. |
| 3. | In a teenage child after 14 years of age / adults | 3.5-6.05 mmol / l. |
Glucose level at different ages
It should be noted that the blood glucose level for both men and women, even after 40, and even more after 50 years, should always be normal. Elevated level is an absolute reason to call a doctor.
For example, pre-diabetes is considered to be the following blood glucose level before meals, fasting:
- more than 5.5 mmol / l, but less than 6.05 mmol / l( from the finger);
- greater than 6.05, but less than 7.05 mmol / l( from the vein).
Accordingly, it is customary to consider diabetes:
- finger tests are higher than 6.05 mmol / l;
- analyzes from the vein are higher than 7.05 mmol / l.
But you should also contact the medical institution when the level falls below the norm. To correctly determine the level of glucose, all tests, both in men and in women should be given strictly on an empty stomach.
If the doctor deems it necessary, further examination is carried out with "load", but the primary tests should be before meals, on an empty stomach.
Hypoglycemia, the causes of which can be not only physiological, but also pathological are recorded in cases when glucose in an adult male or female is lower than 3.4 mmol / l. The child is below 3.1 mmol / l.
Nuances
Taking a capillary or venous blood are different, in connection with which, the blood norm from a vein is somewhat increased.
Many do not know how to convert micromol( millimoles) to milligrams( mg), for this you should know that:
- to convert from mmol to mg / dl, multiply the original result by 18.02;
- and that mg / dL per mole should be divided by the original result at 18.02.
It also does not hurt to know that 1 mole is 1000 mmol.
Blood for sugar as an analysis is taken for the purpose of diagnosing and following therapeutic measures against diabetes mellitus.
Whole blood, plasma or serum can be used in the specialized laboratory to study glucose levels. Blood plasma is its liquid part, serum is part of the plasma, devoid of colorless protein. Blood serum is obtained in two ways. Most often they prefer to work with plasma.
Evaluation Criteria
The glucose level collected on an empty stomach is not more than 10 mmol / l.gives the right to consider diabetes mellitus compensated. In case of type 2 diabetes, the level should not exceed 8.20 mmole. Compensated it is considered when a person, through compliance with all recommendations, is able to control glucose in the blood.
Symptoms of low and high levels of
Violation of the blood glucose level leads to the consequences that are an indicator of such a disease as diabetes mellitus.
At an elevated level:
- weakness, excessive fatigue reduction in working capacity;
- decreased immunity, systematic colds / complications;
- frequent headaches;
- along with increased appetite, weight loss occurs;
- thirst, dryness;
- problems with the healing of skin;
- itching in the field of p / o.
You can also see a decrease in vision and even complete blindness, especially in women and men after 50 years.
In general, as a person develops many health problems with age, therefore it is necessary to regularly be examined in medical institutions. To hand over analyzes, to visit narrow experts, etc.
After 50 years, age changes can reduce many symptoms to a single denominator - this is normal, therefore, it is best to conduct a complete examination.
Also, we should not forget that tests, both in the adult and in the child, can be false, so in cases of poor results, it is recommended to retake them and conduct additional research.
At a reduced level:
- sharp dizziness;
- frequent syncope;
- trembling in the limbs;
The results of fasting tests in children should differ from the results of adult men or women. You should know that children over 14 years of age, in transition years, the results can also be false, so parents should definitely follow this point. This can happen with pregnant women, as well as with men, after the abuse of alcoholic beverages or harmful food.
Glucose level in pregnant women
During pregnancy, the level of glucose( sugar) in the blood changes, accordingly, its norm also changes. Indices ranging from mmol / l.from 4.0 mmol / l.- up to 5,3 mmole / l.are considered acceptable. Analyzes are carried out strictly on an empty stomach, whole blood, plasma is used. After eating, especially notorious in pregnant women "something tasty," the sugar content may vary.
The main thing that he did not cross the line 6.5 mmol / l., Within the limits of the norm it is not harmful for the child.
Women after 40 years should be very cautious, pregnancy may develop some complications. The glucose level should be controlled by diet, fasting tests and doctor's supervision. Low glucose in pregnant women should also not be ignored. It is necessary to ensure that it does not fall below 2.8 mmol / l. Indicators for concern are:
- weakness;
- fatigue;
- headache;
- trembling in the limbs;
- is a sudden faint, syncope generally.
Eating is important in pregnancy, both for the mother and the baby. It is necessary to eat well, and on the road to have a "light snack".If there are no pathologies, after eating the balance is restored.
Nuances
Pregnant women on the background of hormonal changes, sugar can rise and fall - it depends on many factors. Therefore, registration for pregnancy is an important and necessary aspect in life. As the most future mother, and her child or children. The future mother should always take into account all the indicators of the tests, know the norm on an empty stomach and apply the measures.
The gestation period can be attributed to the risk group, since even doctors can not predict how and what will go in these 9 months. At this time, not only indicators of glucose levels are important, but other signs that lead to diabetes mellitus. Systematic tests help not to worry once again.
Pin
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy in the human body and are easily recycled from it. But there are not so many stocks, so a person needs constant replenishment, which occurs thanks to carbohydrates, consumed in food. But with age, the body of a man and a woman grows old, he is not as strong as a child, and loses some of his abilities. For example, after a certain number of lived years in the cell system reduces the ability of nerve endings, which provided sensitivity to insulin .Even a well-balanced meal does not save in some cases. Accordingly, both the man and the woman begin to gain weight, this is a natural process.
Exchange processes in the human body is a complex complex work, as a result of which nutrients obtained from normal food are absorbed, then becoming energy necessary for human life. All of them are interrelated and interact with each other, any violation leads to diseases of a different nature.
