1 What happens if Helicobacter pylori infection?

The mucous membrane of the stomach in a short time is populated by these microorganisms. This is due to special flagella, which allow bacteria to move quickly. The released enzymes break down the gastric mucosa. After fixing on the walls of the stomach Helicobacteria produce urease, it increases the concentration of ammonia and pH.Gradually, the gastric mucosa is destroyed, this leads to manifestations. There is also a violation of the immune system, inflammatory processes are developing.

Risk factors for gastritis, duodenitis, or stomach ulcers:

1. Incorrect diet and its nature.
2. The presence of stressful situations.
3. Causes that increase the production of gastric juice and its acidity.
4. Bad habits - smoking, drinking spirits.
5. Hereditary factor.
6. Prolonged and uncontrolled administration of certain medications, for example, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
7. Presence of infectious diseases.

2 Symptoms of

The presence of the following signs should prompt you to take tests for Helicobacter pylori:

1. Abdominal pain during or immediately after a meal.
2. Heartburn.
3. Problems with bowel movement.
4. In the intervals between meals there are "hungry pains".
5. Unreasonable nausea.
6. Heaviness in the stomach, even if a person ate very little.
7. Poor assimilation of meat dishes or meat intolerance.
8. Stomach pains in the stomach that are present all the time.
9. Mucus in stool. Eating and vomiting.

All these symptoms indicate the activity of Helicobacter pylori, and hence the presence of a disease associated with the gastrointestinal tract.

3 Diagnostic Methods

To diagnose these bacteria, you will need to pass a series of tests. Often, they depend on the capabilities of the medical institution, where the patient turned. The urease test for Helicobacter pylori can be respiratory, it is the safest and most effective.

Indications for the passage of the test are the above symptoms. There are practically no contraindications, as it is absolutely non-invasive.

Non-invasive diagnostic methods:

1. Determination of antibody titer in the bloodstream to bacterial antigens.
2. Detection of Helicobacterial antigens in fecal masses.
3. Urease respiratory test.

4 Preparing for the urease breathing test

This study is conducted on an empty stomach. The patient is allowed to eat 6 hours before the test. Before the procedure, it is forbidden to smoke and chew a chewing gum. Drug administration should be reported to the doctor, as they may distort the test results. Directly before the test, brush your teeth and rinse your mouth if the doctor did not warn you that you should not do this.

Requirements before the test:

1. For 2 weeks, stop taking antibiotics and antisecretory drugs.
2. For 5 days before the test, do not take analgesics, anti-inflammatory and antacid preparations.
3. For 3 days to refuse from alcohol.
4. Unwanted beans are beans, peas, soybeans and corn.

Carrying out urease test:

1. The patient drinks 1 glass of liquid, where citric acid is added. This is necessary to slow the evacuation from the stomach.
2. After 7-8 minutes the exhaled air is taken. For this, a special tube is given to the person, where he breathes. After that, the tube is closed with a tight lid.
3. After 2 minutes, you need to drink 100 mg of urea, which contains the isotope of carbohydrate c13.
4. After this, the patient lays down on the couch and performs circular movements so that the urea comes into contact with all the walls of the stomach.
5. After 30 minutes.a repeated intake of exhaled air is done.
6. The tube is sent to the laboratory.
7. After 24 hours you will be able to learn the result of the analysis. The material is stored in the laboratory for up to 10 days.

Advantages of helical test:

• the patient absolutely does not feel pain;
• lasts a short time;
• is diagnostic;
• is not dangerous for children and pregnant women;
• in a short time you can find out the result.

5 Additional methods for the detection of Helicobacter pylori

1. Microbiological method. Biopaths are taken from the stomach or duodenal mucosa under sterile conditions. This method is reliable, but very complex, since it is difficult to conduct it in the laboratory.
2. Histology. This method allows you to detect Helicobacteria, as well as assess the state of gastrointestinal microflora. The material for the study is any part of the stomach and duodenal mucosa.
3. Immunological methods. Biopsy with cytology. The collected cells from the gastric mucosa are examined under a microscope. Since the method brings a lot of inconvenience, it is most often used for patients with suspected cancer or erosion. The result is determined by the number of pluses.1 plus - a weak infection, 3 pluses - a strong infection. If there are no pluses, it means that there is no infection or the number of bacteria is normal.

Timely and reliable diagnosis of the disease will allow timely treatment. Getting rid of helikobaktery difficult, but possible. It is only necessary to follow all the doctor's recommendations.