1 Types of diarrhea

This pathology can be divided into several types:

• is infectious;
• is an alimentary;
• dyspeptic;
• toxic;
• drug;
• is neurogenic.

Infectious diarrhea occurs in the presence of diseases such as dysentery, salmonella, food-borne disease, transmitted to a child with mother's milk, viral diseases, amoebiasis. Most often, newborns develop diarrhea against a background of intestinal or viral infection. This type of diarrhea is most dangerous. The duration of the incubation period for intestinal or rotavirus infection in the body is from 10 hours to 3 days. The disease begins quite sharply: vomiting, fever and repeated bowel movement - diarrhea. Infectious diarrhea is characterized by watery, foam stool masses.

Alimentary diarrhea in infants develops against the background of a maternal eating disorder.

Children's intestinal flora under the age of 4 months is not physiologically developed. It does not contain those bacteria that promote normal digestion and perelstatic. In addition, the pancreas at this age does not produce all the necessary enzymes to help digest food. The breastfeeding woman should adhere to a strict diet, in this case diarrhea in the baby will not arise.

Diarrheal diarrhea occurs in infants due to impaired secretion of the secretion of the stomach, pancreas or liver. It develops against the background of acute infections in the body. Emptying of the intestine occurs up to 5 times a day.

Drug-induced diarrhea develops due to medication, mainly antibiotics. It is absolutely irresponsible to prescribe antibiotics to the child, especially in infancy. Giving children medicines, you can provoke the development of dysbiosis, and this disease, as you know, is very difficult to cure, sometimes it is not possible.

Neurogenic diarrhea in infants develops infrequently. Causes - unrest, fears, stress. The child must grow in an atmosphere of love, in a relaxed atmosphere. Strong cries and other manifestations of parents' antisocial behavior can provoke neurogenic diarrhea in the baby.

It should be remembered that diarrhea in a baby poses a serious danger. The main problem is that as a result of the release of liquid feces, critical dehydration can very quickly develop.

Some women try to use folk remedies for ignorance, but this is not always right and safe.

Diarrhea in the baby is the rapid release of liquid feces. In this case, accelerated passage of the contents of the intestine occurs because of increased peristalsis, accompanied by impaired suction function in the large intestine and secretion of a large amount of secretion by the mucosa.

The chair of newborns in the first day of life is called meconium. It is the contents that gathered in the intestine the day before the birth. It is a thick, viscous mass of dark green color, usually not odorless. It departs within 10-45 hours after birth. Later the stool takes a more liquid consistency, and approximately on the 5th day the stools become normal.

The type and amount of feces in newborns depends on what the mother feeds on. If the baby is breastfed, the feces have a liquid consistency, a yellow-gold tinge and an acidic odor. In "artificial"( infants receiving artificial nutrition) feces more dense, has a gray-yellow hue and consistency of soft plasticine. It has an unpleasant smell.

In the first 3 months the normal amount of feces is 6-7 times a day in children with breastfeeding and 4 times a day with "artificial" ones.

During the first 6 months, emptying can occur during feeding. This is not considered a pathology and occurs reflexively.

Young mothers need to learn that independent treatment can not be carried out in any case. Diarrhea is a dangerous syndrome, especially for newborns. Even if it is caused by the malnutrition of the nursing mother, the child must be shown to the doctor in order to establish the true cause. Many people do not know what to do if the child has diarrhea, and they begin to take off the baby with various infusions of herbs. In principle, this is not prohibited, but you can use decoctions only by permission of the doctor. In some cases, hospitalization and rapid therapy may be necessary. Therefore, with the beginning of diarrhea immediately need to visit the hospital or call an ambulance. Do not expect diarrhea to pass by yourself. Only 3-4 days of regular diarrhea in a baby can lead to complete dehydration and death in some diseases.

2 Nutrition of a nursing woman - how to prevent diarrhea in infants

To prevent diarrhea in a newborn that can be caused by a mother's malnutrition, women need to remember which foods should not be taken for food. It is necessary to limit the reception:

• legumes - they contribute to bloating, colic, gas formation;
• of sharp, bitter, fragrant plants, vegetables and seasonings - peppers, onions, garlic( they change the taste of mother's milk, give it bitterness);
• confectionery and chocolate products that promote fermentation;
• citrus, red berries, fruits and vegetables, seafood - in some cases they cause severe allergies;
• sweet carbonated lemonades, coffee, alcoholic cocktails, unboiled milk - these drinks can cause bloating, fermentation, infection.

3 Breast feeding

Another reason for the development of diarrhea in newborns is the disturbed amount of food consumed, and it does not matter whether the child is "artificial" or breastfeeding. Young mothers often make a gross mistake - give the children more milk. It seems to them that in this way the child will gain weight and receive more nutrients. But it's not right. For each age there are own norms of consumption of milk formulas or breast milk. If they are violated, the child will always vomit and abuse.

When introducing complementary foods, moms often give newborns semolina porridge. And this is also wrong. It should be remembered that it is better not to give this product at all to children under 3 years old. Many women find in the semolina an alternative to expensive baby food. But do not forget that it is semolina porridge often causes the strongest diarrhea in infants and can cause celiac disease - a lifelong allergy to vegetable proteins.

In infants with artificial feeding, diarrhea develops when the rules for breeding milk formulas are not observed and when the infant is fed with compounds that do not correspond to his age. If on the package with baby food written from 6 to 12 months, this product should never be given to newborns. It can cause not only diarrhea, but also allergies.

Very often, the cause of frustration in infants is a change in diet, for example, when switching to breastfeeding with a new formula or using a different water composition( with a change of place of residence).The main rules for the introduction of new foods are gradualness, consistency. It is better to give the child to try to eat 10 g of a new mixture and observe it for 3-4 hours. If the allergic reaction is not observed, then you can give the mixture to the baby, but gradually.

In most cases diarrhea in newborns caused by short-term feeding does not cause complications, unless it is repeated on a regular basis. But also in these cases it is necessary to consult a doctor to avoid negative consequences.

4 Lactase deficiency

This is a pathology in which the absorption of dairy products during breastfeeding is impaired. It manifests as foamy, watery, mucous and frequent secretions, which have an acidic smell and a greenish color. Sometimes stand out not overdone lumps, and around the anus appears redness. Breasts with lactase deficiency are restless, in the abdomen they constantly rumbles and boils.

In a baby up to three months of age, there is a physiological deficit of lactase( an enzyme that facilitates the digestion of dairy products), because of this there is a violation of the assimilation of lactose in the small intestine. Some parts of it can get into the large intestine. There is an increase in the acidity of intestinal contents, which contributes to the creation of a favorable environment for pathogens. The congenital form of primary lactase deficiency in breastfeeding is quite rare. To get rid of the child from pathology it is possible by entering the enzyme before each feeding.

Signs of the disease: the child is not gaining weight badly, he is suffering from problems with the tummy, the baby is restless. In this case, you should consult a pediatrician who can confirm or deny lactase deficiency.

5 Dysbacteriosis

This pathology is a violation of the normal ratio of microorganisms to the intestinal mucosa. This disease is quite common among infants and causes diarrhea and digestive disorders in a newborn during breastfeeding.

Before the baby is born, the environment of its habitat is sterile. In the intestinal flora of the child there are no bacteria and microorganisms. During childbirth, when passing through the birth canal to the baby for the first time "populated" bacterial flora from the mucous membrane of the mother. After childbirth, during kisses and embraces the child continues to "saturate" his flora with bacteria. This is the process of colonization of the newborn's gastrointestinal tract by a healthy microflora.

If unfavorable factors arise( medication, artificial feeding), then the balance of beneficial and harmful bacteria can be disrupted. Signs of dysbiosis include: bloating in the infant, bad breath, diarrhea or constipation for several days. On the skin there are symptoms of dermatitis. Thrush can develop. Stools with diarrhea have a green tinge, mucus, foam, sometimes bloody veins.

The reasons for the development of dysbacteriosis in infants can be: birth pathology, viral infections after birth, later applying to the breast, taking medications, violation of the woman's diet during pregnancy. If the dysbacteriosis caused diarrhea in a newborn, then the doctor will tell you how to solve the problem.

Any type of diarrhea should be treated with either medications or a diet. But first you need to find out the reason for the diarrhea in a newborn baby with breastfeeding or artificial feeding. Once again, it should be recalled: at the first manifestations of diarrhea it is necessary to go to a hospital.