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Osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine: symptoms, stages, causes

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Top of the most frequent ailments is headed by osteochondrosis arising in the lumbosacral department. This is a pathology, with which, to the best of the wrong way of life, working conditions and other factors, every third person encounters. If this pathological condition is not timely eliminated, degenerative-destructive changes begin to develop, as a result of which complications arise in the form of protrusions and hernial formations. The main complaint that all patients have is pain pain in the lower back, indicating the development of the disease.

Osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine: symptoms

Osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine: symptoms

Content of the material

  • 1 How the ailment develops
    • 1.1 Video - What is the cause of osteochondrosis?
  • 2 Causes
  • 3 Stages of
  • 4 Main symptomatology and signs
  • 5 Acute phase of the disease
    • 5.1 Video - Osteochondrosis of the sacrum of the spine: symptoms and treatment

How the disease develops

The gradual destruction of intervertebral discs in the lumbar region leads to dystrophic changes, therefore, to osteochondrosis. The elasticity of the discs is lost because of the loss of moisture. In parallel, there is a reduction in the distance between them.

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The later stages, namely the third and fourth, lead to hardening of the disks. Subsequently, the ability of disks to depreciation is lost, there is pressure on the nerve roots( under the influence of damaged bone tissue).This compression causes severe soreness.

Warning! One of the main causes of osteochondrosis is an excessive load on the lumbar region.

The spine with osteochondrosis

Spine in osteochondrosis

If viewed from the point of view of physiology, it is the lumbosacral section that is subject to all the load, that is, it needs to withstand almost the entire body weight. Due to the fact that the muscular corset at this point is not sufficiently developed, the load increases, and the disks begin to gradually break down. One result is the development of osteochondrosis.

The reasons for osteochondrosis are commented by the specialist:

Video - What is the cause of osteochondrosis?

The root causes of

There are several pathological factors that predispose to the development of pathology in the lumbosacral spine.

Cause Brief explanation of

Excessive physical activity People with occupations at risk, suggesting regular weight lifting, increased burden on the affected area

Excess weight Spine post exposed to severe pressure due to high loads due to excess weight

Lack of occupationssport Hypodinamy, which occurs against the background of muscle weakening, leads to a decrease in the supply of tissues, a violation of normal blood circulation, failures in the process of metabolism. As a result, favorable conditions for activating the pathology of

are recreated. Bad posture The habit of humpbacks increases the load on the lower back, the disks deform and wear out

injuries. If the back muscles are in poor physical condition, then sudden movement, weight lifting or falling can cause injury.

Geneticpredisposition of Specialists do not exclude that pathology can be transmitted at the genetic level. That is, when the bone tissue develops unevenly, and the structure of the discs is loose, that is, all the risks of the formation of osteochondrosis

Age changes Under the influence of age-related changes, there is a loss of elasticity and mobility of the discs. However, the pain syndrome predicting osteochondrosis may occur in representatives of the age group 25-30 years

Adverse factors permanent supercooling;
stressful situations, nerve strains;
non-observance of a mode of day;
impact of contaminated ecology
Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine

This is important! Most often, the ailment develops against a background of increased stress and incorrect posture. It can be eliminated with timely therapy.

Stages of

Pathology does not occur suddenly, for osteochondrosis is characterized by a gradual course. In the process of development of the pathological condition, four degrees are distinguished:

I. The initial stage is characterized by a mild pain syndrome, which can increase under the influence of physical exertion. This symptom is an indicator of destructive processes in the intervertebral discs. At the same time, the patient will complain of soreness in the back of a dull character that he gives to the gluteal zone. Additionally, a burning sensation can occur in the lumbar region.

II.At this stage of the development of the disease, the distance between the vertebral discs is significantly reduced. At this time, the fibrous ring is destroyed, and the nerve roots are amenable to compression. If you do not block the primary manifestations in a timely manner, the pain becomes sharp. Irradiation of pain can occur in the femoral part, buttocks. Protrusions begin to develop actively.

Stages of osteochondrosis

Stages of osteochondrosis

III.The danger of a third degree is the complete destruction of the fibrous ring and the diagnosis of the intervertebral hernia. Fabrics are amenable to deformation and degeneration.

IV.There is an atrophy of cartilages with the subsequent growth of vertebrae. It becomes difficult for the patient to move around. The pain can subside, but one should not be mistaken about improving the condition. The disappearance of soreness by the compensatory reaction of the human body is explained. If the patient admitted the fourth stage of the pathology, then the predictions are not comforting - disability.

Main symptomatology and signs

The difficulty of diagnosing an illness is the slow manifestation of symptoms at the initial stages. Diagnosis of the disease often occurs already in the second stage.

Disruption of the disc with osteochondrosis

Disk destruction with osteochondrosis

The process becomes more acute and acquires the characteristic features:

  • painful lumbar syndrome. At the beginning of the disease, tenderness can be manifested mildly with lifting of gravity, sharp movements, but as destructive processes lead to unbearable pains;
  • limited movement. The lumbosacral segment undergoes degenerative changes that disrupt mobility. The patient becomes extremely difficult to tilt, turn, and sometimes even sit in a sitting position. Irradiation of the pain syndrome can occur in the lower extremity, which resembles a stroke of the current;
  • damage to nerve roots. To the extent that they are responsible for sensitivity, it is not excluded changes in its level. In the area of ​​innervation, there is a burning sensation or a feeling of numbness. If therapy is absent in osteochondrosis, then the probability of muscle weakness is high;
  • changes the characteristics of the skin. Uncharacteristic skin pallor is noted, dryness, decrease in body temperature;
  • high level of sweating;
  • if the disease is at the advanced stage( the fourth), then diagnosis of sexual dysfunction is possible;
  • in the fourth stage of the disease there is a violation of the process of urination.
What happens to the spine with osteochondrosis

What happens to the spine with osteochondrosis

This is important! You can not ignore the above symptomatology and block pain painkillers. Lack of competent care for osteochondrosis can lead to disability.

Acute phase of the disease

In addition to the acute phase of the pathology, the patient may have a subacute phase. Such manifestations of the chronic course of the disease are explained, which is actively manifested during the period of exacerbation, which occurs due to: stresses;

  • frequent overcooling;
  • permanent increased physical activity;
  • profession, which is associated with lifting weights;
  • stay in uncomfortable for the back poses for a long period of time.
  • Characterized by the manifestation of acute pain paroxysmal nature, which occurs against a background of muscle tension. The patient takes a comfortable pose to reduce soreness. This syndrome in medical practice is defined as lumbago.

    Lumbar osteochondrosis in the picture

    Lumbar osteochondrosis in the image

    Acute form is difficult for the patient, because it is characterized by constant pain. With minor movements, for example, sneezing, the pain syndrome quickly builds up and leads to the spread of pain to the side of the lower back, the shin or the buttocks.

    For short-term relief, the patient is recommended to take a horizontal position and bend the painful lower limb in the knee joint.

    Warning! Treatment should be urgent, as the pain syndrome can persist for several weeks, which significantly worsens the patient's quality of life.

    If the pathology is manifested in the subacute phase, then there is dull pain, sometimes acquiring a noisy character. Irradiation of tenderness occurs in the lower limb and buttocks. In this case, the patient retains the ability to move normally, but all movements must be done with caution.

    It is extremely important to timely diagnose osteochondrosis( not later than the second stage) and begin the correct treatment, so you can avoid serious consequences in the form of difficult movement or disability. More information about osteochondrosis will be told by a specialist:

    Video - Osteochondrosis of the sacral spine: symptoms and treatment

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