1 Etiology of inflammation

The causes of duodenitis are inflammation of the duodenal mucosa. This is due to gastric juice, which contains an increased concentration of acid. Entering the intestine, it leads to irritation of its mucous layer and the development of acute inflammation. The cause of secondary duodenitis is the retention of food in the duodenal segment of the intestine.

Acute inflammation of the duodenum can occur as a result of food poisoning, abuse of foods with a high content of acute spices in them, taking large doses of alcohol, damage to the intestinal mucosa with a sharp object. Damage to the mucosa is possible in an accident, a fight, during an operative intervention.

The cause of chronic duodenitis is:

• acute or chronic hepatitis;
• cholecystitis;
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• Crohn's disease;
• giardiasis;
• intestinal ischemia;
• flatulence;
• chronic diarrhea.

Getting into the body, Helicobacter pylori bacteria can parasitize for a long time absolutely without symptoms, but under the influence of favorable factors it activates, reproduces and stimulates increased production of hydrochloric acid. As a result of an excess acidic environment, the intestinal mucosa becomes inflamed, and without proper therapy, duodenitis can subsequently lead to the development of duodenal ulcers.

Duodenitis can become aggravated by irregular and unhealthy eating, if there is an infection in the body, because of strongstress, bad habits.

2 Signs of the disease

If a person has inflammation of the duodenum, symptoms may be absent for a long time or manifest very slightly. Some of them, especially pain in the right hypochondrium, can be mistaken for the symptoms of another organ, the gall bladder or liver.

The main symptoms of duodenitis are manifested as:

• poor appetite, digestive disorders;
• discomfort in the abdomen that appears after eating;
• constant dyspepsia - flatulence, diarrhea, eructations;
• periodic nausea and vomiting;
• stomach pain;
• hungry and nocturnal pains, which irradiate into the region of the left breast;
• appearance of blood impurities in the feces;
• of anemia;
• deterioration of health in general( weakness, insomnia, nervousness).

Pain in the right hypochondrium can indicate the development of duadenosis. Paroxysmal pains can occur absolutely suddenly, causing a person to literally twist off an acute attack. Additional symptoms are severe swelling, raspiranie, rumbling. Subsequently, the taste of bitterness may appear in the mouth.

If ulcers have appeared along with duodenitis on the mucosa, severe pain will occur mainly early in the morning. Especially they will be strengthened with untimely food intake. The nature of the pain is often so severe that a person has to consult a doctor urgently.

Symptoms of inflammation of all parts of the intestine are manifested in the form of frequent diarrhea, increased peristalsis, flatulence. Any errors in the diet will lead to increased pain, which will eventually manifest itself quite often. In the chronic course of the disease, the duodenal mucosa can atrophy, which will disrupt the digestive process and absorb nutrients through the walls of the intestine. This is fraught with disruption of almost all organs and systems, in particular, the work of the heart, blood vessels, muscles, nervous system. It is so important to pay attention to the symptoms and treatment to start in a timely manner, without waiting for the exacerbation of the disease.

3 Diagnosis and treatment of

How can I check if there is inflammation of the intestine with duodenal ulcer, or do unpleasant symptoms occur for other reasons? To begin with it is necessary to address to the gastroenterologist which will make a collecting of a symptomatology and will appoint carrying out of special inspections. In particular, the patient with complaints of chronic pain in the stomach or right hypochondrium shows esophagogastroduodenoscopy, gastrobiopsy, ultrasound of the peritoneum. Diagnosis is carried out with the help of analysis of gastric juice, and analysis for the presence of a microorganism, coprogram, x-ray of the stomach, threefold examination of feces for possible presence of blood impurities, biochemical analysis of blood.

If all carried out studies confirm that a person suffers from duodenitis, appropriate treatment will be prescribed - medicamental and physiotherapeutic. The treatment regimen is chosen individually for each patient, so self-medication is dangerous to health.

To reduce the pain syndrome - a constant companion of duodenitis, the administration of antispasmodic agents is prescribed( No-shpa, Spazmalgon).

At a high level of acidic juice, which in excess enters the intestine and provokes irritation of the mucosa, antacids are prescribed( Phosphalugel).

Wrap the mucosa and protect it from harmful effects of preparations containing bismuth-Visnol or De-nol. On an empty stomach you can drink and Zolopent, which after a course of therapy helps to remove inflammation from the mucous membrane, eliminates the pain symptom and destroys Helicobacter pylori.

In the presence of lamblia prescribe drugs to remove them and funds to restore the work of damaged organs. Intestinal peristalsis is promoted by such drugs as Motilium, Motoricum, Motorix or enzyme preparation Pancreasim. Heartburn is helped by Maalox, Rennie and others. To restore intestinal microflora, they are prescribed products containing beneficial bacteria - Entererozernina, Yogurt, etc.

A frequent companion of duodenal inflammation is increased nervousness, which also increases pain in the right hypochondrium region. In connection with this, the patient is shown taking sedatives, such as Valerian, Uspokoy, etc. They are taken either as a prophylaxis, or directly in case of an alarming symptom.

4 Diet for duodenitis

The diet with duodenitis plays an important role in the treatment of the disease. Without it, drug therapy will not bring the desired results. Proper nutrition for people with a problemative intestine must be adhered to throughout life, making small exceptions during the remission of the disease.

Food should be taken only in warm form, in small portions, at least 5 times a day. The last meal should be no later than 2-3 hours before bedtime, but if there are hungry pains at night, snacks are allowed with light meals - for example, oatmeal. Cooking food should be exclusively with the help of cooking or steaming, crushing after cooking in a puree gruel, so that the food minimally injures an already inflamed mucous.

It is necessary to exclude from the diet of smoked meat, sweets, spicy, acidic and salty dishes. You should remove from the menu meat of fatty varieties, fatty fish, chicken giblets. From alcoholic beverages, coffee, chocolate, cocoa will also have to be abandoned. Tomato juice and citrus fruits contain a large amount of acid, so at the time of treatment they need to be removed from the diet.

It is useful at the time of treatment, especially the first 10-14 days, to start the morning with oatmeal without salt and oil. Despite not very pleasant taste, oatmeal envelops the delicate intestinal mucosa and prevents the appearance of a pain symptom, which often appears after eating. During the day you can eat all the sour and dairy products, except for fresh milk. Vegetables at the initial stage of therapy are allowed only boiled, grated or ground in puree after boiling. Raw vegetables and fruits will be a bit heavy for the inflamed bowel, so without them you will have to do without. From fruits and berries, it is good to cook delicious fruit jelly, compotes, make jelly from them.

Fresh bread and pastries should be replaced with yesterday's flour products or consumed in dried form. Products that provoke swelling should be excluded from the diet completely( beans, cabbage, carbonated drinks).After the course of treatment, you will need to repeat the examination with a doctor and if you eliminate the inflammation it will be possible to give up medicines, but continue eating correctly, so as not to provoke new problems with digestion.