1 The essence of the

problem In general, hemorrhoids are an inflammation of the hemorrhoidal veins located at the lower end of the rectum next to the anorectal opening. The localization of the lesion focuses on 3 types of pathology:

• internal variety with damage to the veins inside the rectum;
• external hemorrhoids with lesions located directly in the anus;
• is a mixed type combining both mentioned options.

In case of external type of disease, hemorrhoidal lesion is represented as a blister( pouch) located on the outsideentrance to the rectum and observed visually. Internal formation has a similar appearance and is formed from stretched stenosis of veins inside the anal canal. Such swelling forms the so-called hemorrhoidal nodes.

In its form, the hemorrhoidal junction resembles a pouch formed on the sites of thinning of stenotic venous tissues due to the influence of a number of factors and the appearance of excess blood pressure. During the period of remission, such formations form a spherical fold, covered with a mucous membrane. When the hemorrhoidal node becomes aggravated, blood flow stagnation occurs, and the blood fills the sac, creating in it an excessive internal pressure. The knot increases in size and creates an obstacle to the movement of stool.

During defecation a woman is forced to make an effort to move the stool in the rectum. It strongly affects the swelling, damaging it( the appearance of bloody discharge) and dragging it outward( the prolapse of the hemorrhoidal node - prolapse).At the initial stage after defecation the fallen nodes spontaneously return back, but in the subsequent, taking into account the increase in their size, they are clamped by the sphincter and can not provide self-return. Bloody discharge also increases in volume as the pathology develops.

2 Features of the postpartum pathology

Medical statistics say that hemorrhoids occur after birth in almost half of the women who gave birth. Of course, sometimes this pathology is the result of mechanical loads and injuries that occur during childbirth, and this factor can not be discounted. However, in most cases, postpartum hemorrhoids are born during the pregnancy stage. In this long period, a woman may not feel the symptoms of the disease on the background of other problems, but often simply does not pay attention to them, accepting as an inevitable physiological process.

During pregnancy, blood stasis in the pelvic region often develops, which, against the background of metabolic disorders and hormonal imbalance, leads to the appearance of hemorrhoids. Sometimes the phase of exacerbation of the disease and the prolapse of the nodes is already observed during pregnancy, but the internal form of the disease is formed more often, and bloating does not appear from the outside, and there are no obvious symptoms. The woman does not even guess that hemorrhoids have appeared, which has become chronic, but is in a latent state. Generic loads, both physical and hematogenic, become a trigger for the aggravation of the process. Thus, hemorrhoids after childbirth, most often, is a consequence of the processes that developed during pregnancy.

3 Causes of

Disease There are two main reasons for the appearance of hemorrhoids: structural weakening of the sites of stenotic veins tissue and the appearance of stagnation of the blood mass. Both these factors find their clear manifestation during pregnancy, especially in 2-3 trimesters. Hormonal restructuring and impaired metabolic processes weaken the walls of the vessels.

When pregnancy increases the size of the uterus, which causes displacement of some internal organs, compression of the rectum and the corresponding problems with bowel movement( constipation).Compression of hemorrhoidal veins ensures the formation of stagnant zones of the blood flow and the region of cavernous tissues.

The causes of hemorrhoids after childbirth occur in the process of childbirth. Hemorrhoidal lesions become a natural response of a weakened vascular structure in the anal area to the load that occurs when the fetus passes through the birth canal. Increase the impact of the crack and artificial incisions, because after the application of seams on them often there is deformation of the sphincter. After the successful resolution of pregnancy, part of the causes provoking hemorrhoids after delivery, passes, but most of them drive the pathology into a chronic stage.

In general, we can distinguish the following main causes of the development of the disease during pregnancy: compression of veins of the pelvis;constipation;hypodynamia of a way of life, hormonal imbalance, decrease of intestinal peristalsis. Contribute to the development of pathology such factors: malnutrition, obesity, psychological overload and constant nervous stress, sedentary work.

4 Manifestation of pathology

Symptoms of hemorrhoids appear depending on the degree of vascular damage. Characteristic signs include the following symptoms of hemorrhoids after childbirth: itching and burning sensation in the anus;pain and discomfort during defecation;sensation of the presence of an alien body in the rectum;the appearance of blood traces in the stool;mucous discharge. The development of the disease leads to the appearance of more pronounced symptoms: obvious bleeding during defecation;visual observation of cones near the anus;a significant pain syndrome with defecation and constant itching. When hemorrhoids came out after childbirth, you can talk about the serious neglect of the disease.

The development of pathology is classified into 4 main stages:

1. The first( initial) stage: occurs almost asymptomatically - usually develops during pregnancy;
2. The second stage: the outer nodes show slight soreness only when palpation, and the internal ones can sometimes fall out, but return back independently, bloody discharge - in the form of small traces in the stool;
3. The third stage: the dropping nodes themselves do not return, but they can easily be manually adjusted; when bleeding, noticeable bleeding appears and pain syndrome manifests, discomfort and pain are noted during prolonged sitting and walking;
4. The fourth stage: prolapse can not be eliminated by the hands, which requires medical care, there is heavy bleeding, severe pain - it is required to take an urgent decision how to cure hemorrhoids after childbirth.

5 Principles of treatment

Treatment of postpartum hemorrhoids is complicated by the limitation in the use of drug therapy because of breastfeeding the baby. Similar problems arise when it is necessary to decide how to treat the disease at the stage of pregnancy. To this should be added the postnatal weakening of the female body and the lack of time due to the need for constant care for the child.

Given the specific problems, treatment of hemorrhoids after childbirth should be performed only according to the doctor's prescription. Only a specialist can decide how to treat and what can be used to treat without harm to the newborn.

When the pathology is discovered after childbirth, treatment is carried out by complex methods and taking into account the individual state of the female body. Depending on the stage of the disease, local or systemic medicamental therapy, preventive and restorative measures are prescribed. It is necessary to get rid of the inflammatory reaction and painful symptoms. The emphasis is on remedies for hemorrhoids after the birth of external application - ointment, cream, solutions, suppositories. At the third stage, it is difficult to do without systemic drugs, and when a dangerous fourth stage is developed, it will be necessary to use operational methods. Preventive measures are important: optimizing nutrition, strengthening the body.

6 Optimizing the food

Curing hemorrhoids after delivery helps to ensure the correct diet and diet. The task of optimizing nutrition is to limit the use of certain products without impairing the quality of breast milk. In this regard, it is important to ensure the consumption of dried fruits, bananas, apples, foods fortified with fiber and the necessary trace elements. It is impossible to completely exclude meat and fish, but they should be low-fat varieties.

Before treating hemorrhoids, it is important to remove spices, smoking, spicy seasonings from the nutritional diet. It is necessary to significantly reduce the consumption of flour products and sweets. Pepper and fatty foods should disappear completely from the menu. White bread is recommended to replace products from flour of a lower grade. To normalize digestion and increase intestinal peristalsis, it is necessary to take care of products containing vegetable fiber, fermented milk products, rice and buckwheat porridges, vegetable oils, vegetables and fruits. It is recommended to drink at least 1.5 liters of liquid per day, but without tonic and carbonated drinks.

7 Medication Therapy

The question of how to cure hemorrhoids with medications is decided only by the doctor's prescription, depending on the stage of the disease. The following groups of medicines are used in complex therapy:

• painkillers: Anestezol, Anuzol;
• preparations for the removal of inflammatory reaction: usually used in the form of rectal suppositories - Ultraprotect, suppositories with sea buckthorn oil;
• Haemostatic means: depending on the intensity of bleeding - Dicinone( tablets or injection), Vikasol;
• laxatives: Senadé, Bisacodyl.

Modern drugs have a complex effect and can sometimes replace several drugs. To such preparations it is possible to carry Гемороль which is prepared on the basis of vegetative extracts. Candle Relief includes a shark oil with excellent immunostimulating effect, and given that they also have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, they become a good healing remedy. Other effective medicines can also be recommended: Menovazine, Bezornil( as an ointment), heparin ointment, Detralex, lanolin and cocoa butter candles, Procto-Glivenol, Ginkor Procto, Aescin, Escuzan, Misvenal.

Hemorrhoids after delivery are a problem for very many women who have given birth. Pathology most often originates at the stage of pregnancy, and it is during this period that it is important not to let it appear. When a disease occurs, it is necessary to take effective measures for treatment, but not allowing amateur performance, but only at the doctor's prescription.