Dangerous necrotizing fasciitis is easier to prevent than cure

Necrotizing fasciitis( hereafter for convenience of NF) is infectious disease , in which surface and deep fascia and subcutaneous tissue are affected.

The causative agents are the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes or Clostridium perfringens.

With this infection, tissue is destroyed directly under the skin. It can grow into gas gangrene.

The disease was discovered by Welch and Netall in 1892.Most often the disease attacks the limbs and the perineal zone, occurs when the skin of these areas of the body is damaged due to injuries or purulent processes.

Statistics show the frequency of 4 NF cases per 10,000 people, with a 33% mortality rate.

Causes disease

As already mentioned, one of the infection pathways can be obtained by injury or other damageskin.

In other cases, among the causes that cause necrotic fasciitis, there may be an internal ulcer from which bacteria enter the subcutaneous tissue, with streptococcal infection, bacteria are often carried with the bloodstream.

At the beginning of NF leads to the formation of local tissue ischemia( blood blockage), then necrosis of this site occurs due to the multiplication of bacteria in the wound. The infection spreads through the subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Factors that may contribute to the emergence of NF:

• age after 50 years;
• excess body weight;
• there are lesions of peripheral vessels;
• immunodeficiency;
• alcoholism in chronic form;
• you suffer from diabetes;
• you are undergoing treatment with corticosteroid drugs;
• you are a drug addict sitting on a needle;
• postoperative complications.

Symptoms and signs

The photo shows how dangerous the necrotizing fasciitis is

It is extremely difficult to diagnose necrotic fasciitis in the early stages, since its only manifestation is fever and local pain.

Then the skin becomes red from the blood collecting under it and there is swelling, the palpation is painful.

The skin of the affected area gradually darkens to a deep red color sometimes with a bluish tinge, then bubbles appear, after which the skin necrosis stage comes - it becomes purple, less often crimson or black.

In the surface vessels there is an extensive thrombosis, while the affected fascia acquire a dirty-brown color.

From this point on, bacteria begin to spread rapidly through blood, lymph and fascial cases. Against this background, the patient's temperature rises, there is an increase in the pulse, consciousness from confused to complete unconsciousness.

Because of the outflow of fluid to the affected area, a drop in blood pressure may occur.

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Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis is based on the results of tests - signs of inflammation - left shift of leukocytosis, sedimentation rate of erythrocytes is increased. Also, the contents of the blisters are examined for antibiotic susceptibility.

Treatment of disease

Operation of autodermoplasty

Surgical intervention is used to remove dead tissue sites, up to amputation of the limb in severe cases.

When wound dressings are used, ultrasound cavitation, together with the use of antiseptic ointments and proteolytic enzymes. Actively apply etiotropic treatment - determine the type of bacteria and then act with narrowly directed preparations.

In addition, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used to reduce the risk of other microorganisms.

Complications of the disease

A frequent cause of complications is insufficient removal of affected tissues during surgery, if repeated surgical intervention is required every 1-2 days.

Preventative measures

Careful handling of all abrasions and wounds, especially contaminated with street dust or dirt. If redness appears, puffiness should immediately be directed to the doctor.

In general, the doctor should be treated if the wound is deep enough and contaminated - this will avoid the risk of infection with bacteria or fight infection at an early stage.

People older than 50 years - it is still necessary to treat carefully every possible abrasion and damage to the skin and mucous membranes, for example, an anus in the anus in hemorrhoids.

Cases of defeat can even be very exotic - American doctors in the state of Louisiana describe the case of NF, in which a woman of 34 years was infected by infection when taking a hot salt bath, through a puncture in the skin left after the injection with a thick needle.

Remember, the later treatment is started, the worse the prognosis. It is better once again to run to the doctor and find out that it's okay to miss a really dangerous infection that can lead to a life catastrophe.

Video: Necrotizing fasciitis is a dangerous disease

Necrotizing fasciitis is one of the most complex diseases. As if I did not want to believe, but this and other terrible diseases really exist in our world.