In the human body, the foot is the most important mechanism of the musculoskeletal system.
This is a complex anatomical formation that consists of a large number of elements, including bones, muscles, and tendons.
The unique mechanism acts as a unit. This allows the person to move, leaning on the ground. When a pathology arises in this complex, the mechanism of standing and motion is violated.
There is a redistribution of the load when walking, resulting in the legs quickly get tired, heavier and hurt.
A hollow foot is a change in shape, in which a vascular outgrowth occurs. At its core, this pathology is the opposite of flatfoot, when the arch is omitted and flattened.
When walking, the support is on the heel and toes. And the middle part of the foot carries no load and hangs over the surface like a "bridge".
With the passage of time, the heel turns inward and there is a serious deformity of the limb.
Contents of the article
- Causes of pathology
- Two stages of the disease
- How does the disease manifest itself?
- Diagnosis is the first step to recovery
- Plantography - the main method
- Treatment depends on the degree of neglect of the pathology
- LFK - the basis of the basics
- Shoe selection
- Surgery as an extreme measure
- Preventative measures
Causes of pathology
Reasons for the hollow foot to end not completelyhave been identified.
At the same time, many years of medical practice allows us to name some factors that are capable of provoking the development of this disease:
- First of all, should be called the pathology of the neuromuscular system .This is cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, dystrophy, a tumor of the spinal cord.
- Inaccurately fused heel or talus after fracture also can cause pathological deformation of the foot.
The foot can change its shape after a severe burn. - There are cases when this process does not bother the patient, but is the first sign of spinal cord disease .
Approximately in the fifth part of the total number of pathologies, the cause of the disease can not be identified. This fact does not affect the tactics of treatment and the procedures used. The choice is made depending on the phase of the disease.
Two stages of the disease
The deformation of the foot develops gradually, and specialists distinguish two stages of the in this process.
In the first stage, morphological changes occur in soft tissues. When the foot warps as a result of deformation of the muscles, ligament apparatus, skin, then these changes are easily eliminated.
It is enough to provide pressure on the head I metatarsal bone.
In young children, a hollow foot is difficult to detect due to the fact that the clinical picture of the disease is poorly expressed.
But if this is not done, then the deformation goes into a stable phase. And this entails serious health consequences.
How does the disease manifest itself?
The first signs of the onset and development of a disease are manifested in the fact that a person starts to get tired while walking. After passing the usual distance from home to work and back, he has pain in the ankle.
There are painful corns, calluses on the little finger and at the base of the thumb. There is an obvious, clawlike deformation of the fingers.
Previous, well-worn shoes begin to seem not comfortable and uncomfortable. At the same time, there are difficulties in choosing and buying new shoes.
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loading. ..Diagnosis is the first step to healing
In order to make an accurate diagnosis, several methods are used. First of all, a visual inspection of the foot is carried out.
Plantography - the main method of
The simplest and most reliable time is the method of planography. Its essence boils down to the fact that a footprint is imprinted on special paper. And already the shape of the fingerprint determines the presence of the disease and the degree of its development.
If on the received image the imprint of heel and fingers is clearly visible, and there is empty space between them, then this is an obvious sign of the hollow foot.
In the case when the method of planktonography does not give an unambiguous picture for an accurate diagnosis, the patient is referred for radiology.
According to the received images, it is possible to draw an accurate conclusion about the nature of the disease and prescribe the appropriate treatment. Medical practice shows that when diagnosing a patient you need to send a consultation to a neurologist.
The specialist appoints a detailed neurological examination.
This should be done because a hollow foot can be a sign of a spinal illness.
With the help of modern equipment, when examining the foot, it is possible to detect neuromuscular disease. If the deformity of the foot is detected for the first time and at adulthood, the patient should be referred to an oncologist.
This may be a sign of a spinal cord tumor. The examination with the help of magnetic resonance tomography allows to assess the general state of the organism and to reveal many diseases at the stage of origin.
Treatment depends on the degree of neglect of the pathology
Specific treatment of the hollow foot is assigned depending on certain circumstances:
- first of all takes into account the cause and development of the disease;
- second point, which affects the treatment tactics, the age of the patient;
- and the third important circumstance is the degree of increase in the arch of the foot.
A combination of these factors involves the use of a conservative or surgical method of treatment.
To correct a pathology in a child, when a hollow foot is not yet fixed, physiotherapy, massage, special exercises and special insoles are used.The main goal of the conservative method of treatment is to strengthen the musculoskeletal components of the arch of the foot .Good results are achieved by the joint use of therapeutic gymnastics and special orthopedic shoes.
LFK - the basis of
The complex of special physical exercises and physiological procedures is selected on the recommendation of the attending physician. Warm baths, paraffin applications and simultaneous manual correction of deformation lead the foot into a normal state.
Selection of shoes
It is very important for women to choose comfortable shoes. From high heels should be abandoned. Preference should be given to a low heel and a wide platform, which helps to fix the foot in the correct position.
It is necessary to choose orthopedic footwear under the supervision of the attending physician. Shoes or shoes should be with a high top and a wide sole.
And also have an elevated inner edge. Orthoses are used to provide support for the arch of the foot. So called special insoles, which are made to order.
The brakes are very helpful. They dress like socks and provide stabilization of the ankles and feet. Corns and corns, which always accompany the disease, you must either cut or put under them special pads to redistribute the load on the foot.
The main task in this case is to relieve the pain when walking and to stop the further development of the disease. It brings a positive effect to patients at an early age and to those who did not suffer neurological diseases.
Surgery as an extreme measure of
If a positive result is not observed after all conservative procedures and measures, then surgical intervention is necessary for treatment.
This method of treatment is used when the cause of the hollow foot was a neurological disease.
Surgical treatment includes:
- arthrodesis - the creation of an immobile joint;
- osteotomy - bone dissection to give it a regular shape;
- tendon transplant;
- dissection of plantar fascia.
In practice, several techniques are often used simultaneously.
Preventive measures
It must be known that a hollow foot has the property of being transmitted from parents to offspring. In everyday life, when the disease does not develop, this
is called a high lift. In medicine - a high arch vault. But such facts may not lead to the disease. Particular attention to the foot should be shown if a person at an early age suffered polio.
At any age, a person who notices the signs of a hollow foot should carefully select shoes. It should not be close or too loose.
Gentle physical exercises and regular hygiene procedures contribute to the healthy condition of the legs in general, and stop in particular.
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