Fibromyalgia is a disorder observed in 4 or more percent of people.
One of the definitions is a diffuse bilateral musculo-skeletal pain of a chronic nature.
Patients with lesions suffer from constant, often bilateral pain throughout the body, sometimes depressed, sleep badly, also complain of irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue, stiffness, increased sensitivity, restless legs syndrome, etc.
Contents
- History of the disease
- Etiology and pathogenesis
- Clinical picture
- Treatment options
- Medical treatment
- Complementary methods
- Non-standard methods of treatment
- Conclusions
- Video: Fibromyalgia - Treatment and recovery
History of the disease
investigation Similar musculoskeletal pains have been studied since the time of Hippocrates.
Syndrome FM was first described more than 100 years ago.
At the beginning of the twentieth century. W. Govers in the materials on lumbago calls the syndrome fibrositis, emphasizing the role of inflammatory processes in the muscles as a cause of disturbing sensations.
Taking into account the relationship of the disease with stress, E. Boland in the 40's of the XX century.put forward the concept of psychogenic rheumatism, which has adherents today. In the sixties a number of specialists referred FM to a psychosomatic disorder.
Interest in lesions increased in the 70s after the works of H. Smythe, H. Smythe and H. Moldofsky, where the presence of deep sleep phase disorders was described, and the significance of painful points was shown.
Diagnostic categories FM, first voiced in 1972 by H. Smythe and based on the concentration of characteristic points of pain, significantly expanded knowledge in this area.
In 1981, after the creation of materials on the diagnostic criteria for disruption proposed by M. Yunus and A. Masi, the concept of fibromyalgia was firmly rooted in the literature. At this stage, physicians identified primary and secondary fibromyalgia. Proceeding from this, the authors made a test to determine the mandatory, general and auxiliary characteristics of the primary FM.
The greatest interest in FM is observed in the last 15 years in connection with the discovery of all kinds of features of FM.
Etiology and pathogenesis
The true causes of fibromyalgia for this period are unknown.
Earlier it was thought that fibromyalgia is an inflammatory or psychiatric disorder of , but current research methods make it possible to assert that no evidence of inflammation or arthritis in FM has been identified, and depression is an optional outcome than the cause. 
There is some evidence that the provoking factor of FM is deviations in the period of deep sleep, because it was revealed deviation of brain waves in the phase of deep sleep and low level of somatropin.
Similar manifestations are detected in healthy people in the absence of sleep for several days. Not all specialists agree with this theory.
But when considering all known signs it is quite obvious that the FM - coupling problem , is more complicated than just muscle pain. The symptoms of fibromyalgia present in such disorders are not intentional, that is, the person does not feel and does not control their appearance.
At the present stage of studying the problem, an attempt is made to combine peripheral and central mechanisms into one theory.
There are several assumptions based on different points in the disorder:
- is a hereditary predisposition;
- stress;
- accelerated serotonin exchange;
- lack of growth hormone;
- psychological factors;
- injury;
- is an idiopathic immune response to intestinal bacteria.
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Clinical picture of
In 30% of patients, the onset of the disease is 9 to 15 years. At the onset of the disease after the injury, 24% were indicated.
But most people had a deviation with time.
60% had pain in the legs and diffuse pain in childhood.
95% of patients report such manifestations in the onset of the disease as moral overstrain, changes in the family, increased fatigue, surgical intervention, physical activity, neck and waist injuries.
Patients often notice the effect of weather on the occurrence of manifestations. What affects fibromyalgia and what causes the disease.
In patients with high meteorological dependence, there is also an increased manifestation of psychiatric disorders of .Approximately 90% of patients talk about morning stiffness in the joints for more than a quarter of an hour.
The mobility restriction has undetermined boundaries and does not focus on the specific joint part. Fatigue or asthenia occurs in 80% of people with fibromyalgia. Often fatigue is so great that it is the most disturbing symptom of fibromyalgia.
The brightness of sleep disorders may be related to signs of weakness during the day and morning stiffness. The combination of pain, asthenia and sleep disorders is observed in more than 75% of patients.
The main symptoms of are:
- bilateral pain in the body;
- morning stiffness;
- shallow sleep;
- a sense of recovery after waking;
- fast fatigue;
- dependence on weather;
- tension headaches;
- feeling of numbness;
- convulsions and spasms;
- periodic disturbance of attention and memory;
- lack of concentration;
- the inability to sit, move normally;
- depression, mental disorders, mood swings are concomitant.
Treatment options for
The treatment of fibromyalgia is complicated by the lack of knowledge of the symptoms, so the medicine aimed at inhibiting manifestations and effects on .
Approaches to treatment are strictly individual. It is necessary to assess the main symptoms: the strength of the pain syndrome, the state of pain points, etc.
Given this, there are several treatment options.
Medication treatment
Drug treatment is used to neutralize pain, muscle spasms, often manifested irritability, sleep disorders and depression:
- small doses of antidepressants( fluoxetine);
- antiepileptic drugs:( pregabalin);
- benzodiazepines( diazepam);
- painkillers, injections or applications on sensitive sites of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotic analgesics( paracetamol and tramadol);
- dopamine receptor agonists( pramipexole);
- hormonal agents( progesterone, androsterone),
- preparations of malic acid;
- antioxidants.
Additional methods
Treatment options without medication:
- exercise therapy;
- aerobics;
- yoga;
- art therapy;
- light therapy;
- treatment with stones;
- sound therapy;
- environmental therapy;
- a small load daily improves the health of patients, especially swimming in warm water;
- physiotherapy for minor pain;
- is a shallow, weak massage, with a stronger massage there is a more powerful manifestation of the symptoms of pain;
- balneotherapy;
- psychotherapy;
- autogenic training;
- sanatorium treatment, sunbathing;
- normal sleep mode;
- Prevents stress.
Non-standard methods of treatment
To non-standard include:
- cryotherapy - is not applicable for everyone;
- gvaiphenzine protocol;
- acupuncture.
Conclusions
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder with a changing course.
Manifestations are observed throughout the life of the patient , changing under the influence of external factors, in addition to the already existing deviations. In general, over the years, without a significant change in the mode of life, the outlook is not positive.
Since organ damage is not observed in case of illness, during treatment during the life of the patient, a violation in the majority of people shows temporary positive changes. But a significant number retains manifestations forever.
Work with the patient consists of t in including him in active struggle with signs of illness, positive thinking, dry warm weather conditions and absolute absence of stress.
Video: Fibromyalgia - Treatment and recovery
Fibromyalgia can develop over the years. About the methods of treatment and recovery after the disease, see the video.
