Modern view of Kanner's syndrome: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Children with autistic disorder do not show love, affection, emotion. They are immersed in themselves and do not like to let outsiders into their inner world. The main problem of these children is new people or a change in the situation, which can cause great stress.

Kanner's syndrome( early childhood autism) and behavioral features of children with this disease are discernible already in the first year of life, but not all parents notice them in time and turn to specialists too late, thereby wasting precious time.

The exact causes of early childhood autism( RDA) have not been established. The relationship with genetic disorders and changes in the work of some parts of the brain was noted.

Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Autism is not a medical term. In professional circles, the term "autistic spectrum disorder" is adopted. This term hides a lot of states and violations.

Each autist has his own deviation, which requires an individual approach. One toddler with autism may be mentally retarded, and another is only considered strange. Until recently, it was believed that the main reason for the development of the syndrome of early childhood autism is a strong nervous shock within the family.

Often a diagnosis of schizophrenia was instituted, medication was prescribed, which had nothing to do with the true disease. In the late 80s of the last century, an understanding of what autism was and how to correct this state.

Autistic children are not quite sick in the classical sense. They have a different model of perception of the world around, take emotions differently and express them.

The peculiarity of this perception arises from the dysfunction of the connections between the brain regions responsible for the emotional side of perception. Early identification of the RDA makes it possible to help specialists establish these links. Small autistics in comparison with usual children can have talent in narrow areas, since other areas for them are closed due to the peculiarities of the development of the brain. They are more attentive and diligent.

Nuclear Autism

Canner's syndrome or early childhood autism( RDA), first described in 1943 - is an atypical variant of a disease with nuclear disorders.

The peculiarity of the syndrome is a rapid manifestation of symptoms, which is noticeable already in the first year of life. Later, the disease takes a typical course, so there is no problem with diagnosis.

Kanner's nuclear autism differs from schizophrenia with a characteristic sign - the disease begins with ignoring people, while the child completely lacks contact with the mother. Gradually, a symbiotic relationship is established, anxiety is eliminated, and communicative communication with other people develops.

Causes and pathogenesis of

Early childhood autism is associated with a malfunction in genetics and does not belong to the category of developmental anomalies due to mental trauma or gaps in education.

This feature of development and perception of the world around the statistics is found in 1 of 88 children, and it is more expressed in boys.

Causes of development and progress of the syndrome of early childhood autism lie in the work of the brain. Normally, the human brain constantly processes information coming from the visual, auditory, tactile analyzers. The peculiarity of autistic disorders is that in this case there is no adequate perception of brain signals.

With Canner's syndrome, some signals become intense, others do not work at all.

There is no neuro-impulse dependence when signals are perceived with a certain degree of activity. As a result, human contacts with the environment are violated, he reacts to it differently. It is believed that genetic variation is due to environmental changes, in particular exposure to toxins. Their combination is called as the main reason for the appearance of autism.

Indirect factors provoking early autism become:

• birth injuries;
• intrauterine and transferred neuroinfections( encephalitis, meningitis);
• deficit states;
• concomitant diseases of the central nervous system( epilepsy).

Inadequate doctors often use Kanner's syndrome as an early form of schizophrenia, in cases where the child is characterized by unnatural and unusual behavior, expressed in isolation, obsession, monotony.

Risk group

Autism as a congenital anomaly is associated with a family factor. The risk of development increases:

• in parents with 1 or more children with a disorder;
• in identical twins;
• from younger brothers and sisters.

Potential risk factors are the elderly age of parents, premature birth and low birth weight.

General behavior and diagnostic criteria for

Common signs of autistic spectrum disorders include:

• inability to communicate normally;
• repetitive behavior for the purpose of autostimulation;
• no imagination.

Symptoms that parents may notice are:

• in the monotony of some movements;
• in the absence of an emotional response to the emotion of the parent( sometimes this feature of development is confused with hearing impairment);
• in the ability to clearly focus on the task;
• in violation of communication and speech development, mutism - persistent silence;
• aggression when trying to contact;
• in avoiding eye contact;
• in a violent reaction, irritability, emotional tension when falling into an unknown situation;
• in the absence of understanding of the threat and assessment of the situation, the accepted social rules.

These symptoms should be considered in close relationship with each other. In general, there is no adequate one-hundred-percent method for diagnosis. Behavior is considered in the aggregate, that is, one criterion is not established.

Disrupted communication

Communication disruption depends on the severity of the disorder. In severe cases, the kid does not communicate with others at all, does not respond to his name. In mild forms, a child can display a communicative ability, but not to establish emotional contact, but to meet the needs for food, care, movement. Such children do not react to the appearance of an interesting object( animal, aircraft, etc.).

The ability to ask is an important communication skill. His deficit is suspicious. A typical autistic reaction to new people is avoidance, which is confused with extreme shyness.

The skill to establish eye contact is especially important for diagnosis at an early age. Normally, the child's eye is projected "eye to eye."If the sight goes past the eyes, despite trying to attract attention, it will help diagnose an autistic disorder.

Normal children in 2.5 years should have a minimum vocabulary, and by the 3rd year be able to speak with sentences. Autistic children pronounce complex phrases heard from adults. This is called reflected speech, when the child senselessly repeats what he has heard.

With age, the speech of small autistics becomes fast, confused, interrupting other speakers. Many children with Kanner's syndrome do not use speech at all.

Monotone behavior of

Repeated, unnatural behavior often occurs within autistic spectrum disorders and appears as multiple:

• circling around its axis;
• movement along one route;
• rocking.

It is necessary to distinguish between naturalness and anomaly. The face passes where the movements are not related to the situation, they arise spontaneously.

Diagnosis of pathology will help toys. Autistics have a tendency to lay out details in a certain order, outside the established order. Children will be interested not in the toy itself, but in the detail you want to twist for hours. They replace imagination and play with monotonous movements that do not lead to proper development.

Change of the situation

Small autistics do not like and are frightened of any changes. Traveling with parents becomes a disaster with a string of hysteria for the latter.

The kid is characterized by persistent habits. Parents are advised to prepare their child in advance for travel and changing the situation with the help of visual examples.

The disease can not be diagnosed by analysis of blood, urine or hormones. Diagnosis with a certain probability is carried out from 1.5 years, and the diagnosis is made based on the behavioral characteristics of the baby.

Differentiation of Autistic Disorders

Autism is classified according to the mechanisms and causes of the development of pathology. The syndrome of Kanner and Asperger - two types of violations that occur more often than others and have their own characteristics. What are their differences?

Canner's syndrome is actually an autism of the early period. It manifests itself from the first months and is characterized by a rejection of contact with the mother from the first days of life. The difference is also in the slow development of speech, echolalia. The syndrome is accompanied by a lag in intellectual development. Self-service and mobility skills are low.

Asperger syndrome is a lighter form of the disease, manifested with 2-3 years. Contact with the mother is not lost, on the contrary, a strong emotional connection is expressed. Speech is clear, literate, but spontaneous or illogical, and intelligence corresponds to age or talent prevails. Problems with skills of self-service is not observed.

Autism is primary and secondary. Repeated autism develops against the background of other disorders and CNS diseases, being a complication.

Correct actions of parents - the key to a successful prediction of

It is difficult to understand the problem of children to parents, because the autistic features are perceived as oddities that will eventually pass. Positive dynamics of development can be achieved by detecting characteristic symptoms by 1 year. The earlier the therapy is started, the more favorable the prognosis.

With the diagnosis, parents face a lot of problems and questions about the organization of family life and the behavior of its members. In this situation it is important to be stress-resistant, rational, organized.

In the manifestations of the RDA there are motor disruptions, which demonstrate negativity, refusal, aggression on themselves or the external environment.

Parents should learn to minimize their own emotions, not to face the child's eyes, not to strengthen reactions. It is necessary to show a lot of patience and love, and most importantly - to understand the autism clinic and learn from specialists methods of management, upbringing and recovery of such a child.

Assisting

In the treatment of RDA, no hardware or medical therapy is used. The beginning of the solution lies in finding a competent specialist or development courses.

Parental error - treating your son or daughter medically, because autism is not a disease, moreover, with incorrect diagnosis and psychotropic therapy, the results can be deplorable. Since one reason does not have autism, its treatment is carried out in two directions:

• elimination of symptoms;
• improved contact with the outside world.

Before you think about tablets and stimulants, you need to pass a test for nutritional deficiencies. Eliminating deficit states is bringing the body into a physiological norm, without which the body can not fully develop.

When detecting hidden pathologies that caused a malfunction, it is also necessary to contact the specialized specialists to correct them.

Home Therapy

Home treatment involves maintaining or restoring self-care abilities, implementing hygiene measures.

Maintaining the viability of the child takes a key place. In the power of parents to establish the correct physiological nutrition.

Autistic children are especially sensitive to milk proteins and products containing gluten.

includes

• rye, wheat, barley, oats, including sweets, biscuits, flakes;
• milk and dairy products, including butter, ice cream, animal fats.

The diet consists of legumes, rice, corn, buckwheat, nuts, mushrooms, vegetable oils and foods. Flour sweets are replaced with sweet fruits, cocoa products are allowed, chocolate.

Entering into the body of gluten and casein cause increased excitability, increase symptoms, lead to dependence, that autistics with persistent habits are contraindicated. On a gluten-free diet, the state of children improves after a few days.

Professional assistance

In terms of psychotherapeutic assistance, a family doctor, a child psychiatrist, correction centers, a home educator are involved in the work.

Correction technique is developed in conjunction with parents, based on the characteristics of a small patient and the severity of symptoms. During the therapy it is important to keep a diary of observations and to mark the child's reactions to new events, physical signs and irritants.

There are recommendations for gaming techniques for the development of autistic children:

• games should be simple and available with a tendency to complicate, but doable, task;
• classes should be approximate to the signs of behavior, the dolls with closed eyes are relevant, exercises of body-oriented space;
• for games use simple, not bright objects - pebbles, plasticine, balls, sand, paper, water, cloth.

Involvement in the game occurs in stages. First, at the level of the objects for the game, to draw attention to the process, then turning to the instruments with which the action is performed( scoop, scapula, capacity, key).At the third level, children learn complex aggregate processes - collects a construction of cubes, a colored pyramid.

Autistic children are special, but they are able to attend kindergarten, and then go to school. Everything depends on the timely diagnosis and early development of the child. To achieve social adaptation you need to work long. It should be a joint and daily alliance of specialists and parents.