Hip arthritis. Symptoms and treatment of the elderly, children. Drugs folk remedies

Costa usually accompanies elderly people, having crossed 65 years of age. However, in modern times, all the more stable trend towards rejuvenation of hip arthritis, whose symptoms have been reported in the working population, including cases requiring treatment even small children.

Types, causes of hip arthritis

Inflammatory diseases in connective tissues and cells localized in bone hip ligaments are pathological disorders termed by arthritis or bone. The illness occurs in the synovial layer: in the enveloping shell deepening joint and ligaments.

If you do not take therapeutic measures, the disease is a complication - osteoarthritis, which results in irreversible pathologies, modifies the structure of ligaments and bone. To date, there is no universally accepted classification of the disease, it varies depending on the origin and pathogenetic features.

The specialists refer to the following:

• psoriatic arthritis - type of psoriatic skin disease affecting the joints;
• reactive arthritis - disease, inflamed joints through transferring viral or bacterial infection of other organs as a secondary disease;
• rheumatoid arthritis - changes symmetrically arranged, in the peripheral deforming nature (small), ligaments and joints in the pelvis;
  
• infectious arthritis - purulent joint disease pathogens, fungi, viruses, parasites.

According to the type of clinical disease progression coxitis distinguished:

• acute - inflammation lasts no more than two month period;
• protracted - the disease progresses for up to 12 months;
• chronic - the period of the disease for more than 12 months;
• palindromic - repetition of the attacks of disease after at least 6 month period of remission.

Coxitis hip joint can occur in the factors:

1. The joint recess got infected due to trauma, surgical manipulation, purulent breakthrough adjacent tissues or as a secondary infection in the presence of tuberculosis, leptospirosis, brucellosis, gonorrhea.
2. Presence of systemic autoimmune diseases (Liebman-Sachs disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid spondylitis).
3. The transfer of the intestinal, urinary tract infection.
4. Due to the passage of changes in genes or autoimmune pathological processes.
5. Congenital dislocation (dysplasia) of the hip in children.
6. Hereditary factor.
7. Obesity as a risk factor.
8. Hip injury.
9. Work in professions related to the load on the legs.

Purulent arthritis pelvic

Inflammation can occur due to acute injuries, wounds, surgical interventions with the entry of infectious agents into the joint cavity. Possible cause of the disease - a breakthrough of pus focus in the neighboring tissues is observed in necrosis, osteomyelitis. Remote from the centers of joint inflammation also contribute to the development of the disease: pneumonia, otitis media, thrombophlebitis.

Rheumatoid arthritis pelvic

There is a disease resulting from an immune system response to the effects of other causative infectious agents.

These include:

• cytomegalovirus,
  
• chlamydia,
• herpes,
• hepatitis,
• ureaplasma,
• mycoplasma,
• measles,
• rubella.

tuberculous arthritis

Arthritis, in case of no detection of tuberculosis infection refers to a specific disease. In this type of the disease also includes diphtheria, leptospirosis, syphilis, gonorrhea. The disease manifests itself due to start metastatic infection mechanism. Against the background of the disease is often a hip dislocation, joint locking motor ability.

Symptoms of arthritis in children, adults and seniors

hip arthritis (symptoms and treatment of the disease depend on the origin) has a number of features common to all types.

For example:

1. Soreness in the crotch area, which can be given in the buttock or the outside of the thigh. The most strongly expressed pain at rest, their intensity decreases at low physical activity.
2. The feeling of difficulty in walking due to the occurrence of lameness due to the appearance of muscle atrophy.
3. In implementing active and sudden movements present severe pain in the extremities.
4. The sensation of chronic loss of strength in the absence of physical activity.
5. Inability to fully feel his feet (a limited number of free-wheeling).

symptoms may be observed in purulent inflammation:

• intoxication of the whole organism;
• prostration;
• fever;
• headache;
• change of skin in the pelvic joints and limbs: redness, local temperature elevation, stretching;
• The more movement, the more pain;
• change of joint shape.

Tuberculous arthritis, as the root cause is excited by infection with tubercle bacillus, may cause displacement of the connective tissue in the joint, muscle atrophy. Psoriatic Costa noted redness (up to a blue-purple color), and swelling of the skin in the area of ​​the joint, sharp pain at the back.

Lesions occur in rheumatoid arthritis symmetrically in two pelvic joints. In children, as compared to the adult category of patients, a disease clearly expressed both in the local manifestations, and in the general state of the organism.

diagnosis of arthritis

Diagnosis kostita performed based not only on cash symptoms, but also to identify the root causes of illness.

To do this, the patient is assigned to survey the complex:

1. Carefully study the patient's medical history: the nature of pain, concomitant illness, duration of symptoms.
2. Examines the joints, in the prone, standing, sitting posture and walking to the presence of muscle atrophy, changes in the skin, the ability to perform the movements.
3. Appointed by radiography, ultrasonography.
4. If necessary, a further MRI, contrast arthrography.
5. Clarifies the nature of the inflammation by taking the puncture with the hip joint.
6. Sometimes you need to pass a biopsy and arthroscopy to confirm the diagnosis.
7. The origin of the disease to be confirmed by means of clinical studies of blood may hold tuberculin.

Methods for treating pathologies

Treatment of the disease involved a narrow profile specialists, surgeons, traumatologists orthopedists, rheumatologists, TB doctors.

Arthritis of the hip joints involves a comprehensive survey of the disease based on the symptoms and the following algorithm:

1. The localization of an infectious focus cupping related diseases.
2. In the acute phase is carried superimposition gypsum.
3. The use of drugs involves the appointment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, use of antibiotics, corticosteroids, in the form of injection into the joints, conducting therapeutic punctures, pita (articular lavage shell) antiseptics, and hondroprotektorami glucocorticosteroids.
4. After the relief of acute inflammatory responses can be assigned massages, exercises, physical therapy, physiotherapy.
5. If you beat the disease can not be detected by conservative methods or chronic form, the surgery is performed.

medication

The objectives of medical therapy are:

• eliminating inflammatory processes occurring in the body or topically as a whole;
• normalization of metabolism;
• lifting of immunity.

NSAIDs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are essential in the treatment coxitis.

Their effect is as follows:

• pain relief;
• elimination of edema;
• decrease vascular permeability grid;
• antipyretic properties.

Here are some examples of these means:

• Ibuprofen (long, Nurofen, Maxicold);
• ketoprofen (Ketofen, Fleksoprofen, Ketoprofen, flexo, Flamaks);
  
• diclofenac (Voltaren, Diklak).

All NSAIDs are available in tablet form for oral administration, ointments, gels and creams for topical, ampules for injections, solutions for oral administration.

local anesthetic

Outside anesthesia is necessary, when the risks of NSAIDs inside exceed their potential benefits, so the series has a lot of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system.

However, the effectiveness of NSAIDs in this case also smaller so as creams, ointments and gels are penetrating only superficially in the skin, rather than in the joints.

To lineup of local anesthetics medicines include:

• Voltaren Emulgel (based on diclofenac);
• Fastum gel (ketoprofen);
  
• Beng ointment (methyl salicylate).

The most effective means of combined composition:

• Dolar gel (diclofenac, methyl salicylate);
• Naiz gel (nimesulide, capsaicin);
• Kapsikam (dimethylsulfoxide, camphor, nonivalid).

Muscle relaxants

hip arthritis (symptoms and treatment of illness in adults and children are identical) is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, which impede the movement of the patient limbs. The phenomenon of spasm is the protective function of the body. To make life easier for patients prescribed muscle relaxants - drugs that have a relaxing effect on muscles.

Regain joint mobility, to cope with the painful sensations, remove the constraint of help:

• Mydocalm based lidocaine;
• Baclofen with the same active substance;
• Sirdalud (tizanidine).

minerals

Effective treatment kostita important to have sufficient body's ability to mineralize bone tissue. Normally required for this purpose, patients receive micronutrients from food. However, the processes are accelerated by receiving special fortified complexes medicaments.

For example:

• Centrum;
• Calcemin;
  
• Vitrum calcium;
• Gerovital.

The advantage of funds is that they have no contraindications, except for individual intolerance of active substances.

antibiotics

In the event that proved the bacterial origin of the disease, antibiotics are conducted courses along with NSAIDs, muscle relaxants and vitamin complexes. Selection of funds is carried out individually in each case by the attending physician. However, most of the active substances are applied to a broad spectrum of action

For example:

• penicillin (amoxicillin, ampicillin);
• fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin);
• ceftriaxone;
  
• macrolides (spiramycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin).

Indications for surgery

Surgical operations are carried out as a result of the testimony:

• Conservative treatment does not give a positive result;
• there is an acute purulent inflammation that threaten the patient's life;
• if arthritis with acute becomes chronic type with stable limitation of motor function of joints.

Preparation for surgery

Organism any surgery perceives as stress. Preparation for surgery - is one of the treatment steps, which determines its success.

It includes:

1. Prevention of chronic diseases.
2. Lifting of immunity by proper diet, exercise, use of vitamin complexes.
3. Before surgery should begin preparing the body by means of a special physical therapy.
4. It is necessary to normalize weight through diet.
5. Carrying out all necessary laboratory and clinical research.
6. The day before surgery to stop taking NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, if previously appointed.

As is the operation

The course of the operation depends on its type:

1. synovectomy of the hip joint. Passes intervention in an open or arthroscopic form (by hardware) with excision places synovial inflammation. Shows how the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy and the presence of focal disease of the connective tissue. In this manner prevents the destruction of bone tissue.
2. Hip arthroplasty. The method of partial or complete replacement of the implant joint. Method assigned when expressed pathologies, if violated firmly limb motor function.
   
3. hip arthroplasty. The technique by which the conditions preventing the emergence of the state joint immobility. Appointed intervention in severe deforming coxitis.
4. hip arthrodesis. It is used in coxarthrosis (pronounced painful sensations), tuberculous arthritis, if you can not use other methods of intervention. During the operation, the joint is fixed in one position, losing the mobility, then the patient becomes disabled, limited in his movements.
5. hip Artropiya. The method used in acute purulent coke by opening articular cavity for cleaning (drainage). There are several ways of opening, including sparing, which minimizes the risk of muscle damage.

All methods of operations are carried out under general or spinal anesthesia.

Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation - are events that are held with the objectives of enhancing the body's ability to recover, for the prevention of postoperative complications.

The rehabilitation of the functions include:

• restore joint mobility;
• prevention of pneumonia;
• the return of psychological comfort;
• relief of pain.

The procedures are divided into phases:

1. immobilization stage It lasts, starting from the moment of surgery to remove or gypsum seams.

Classes:

• breathing exercises;
  
• preparatory exercises for physical therapy (physiotherapy);
• physiotherapy activities.

2. Postimmobilizatsionnaya phase It comes from the removal of plaster or stitches on the three-month period.

During this phase, the following occurs:

• increased number of movements;
• It strengthens muscles;
• controlled pain through physical therapy and physical therapy.

3. outpatient stage valid for 3 months to 3 years.

It includes:

• treatment in sanatoriums, resorts;
• finding in the medical and sports clinic;
• lessons at home.

Traditional methods of treating arthritis. recipes funds

hip arthritis symptoms and treatment are closely linked to the etiology of the disease amenable to treatment methods of folk medicine for the relief of joint pain. This type of treatment can not be used as the primary, but only as additional measures.

This could be the following:

1. Salt bath. Poured in warm water 1 cup Epsom salts. Taken a bath for 30 minutes. 1 every 3 days.
   
2. Cold compresses. Under the influence of low-temperature joint becomes less sensitive, facilitated pain. ice compress is applied 1 time a day for 15 minutes.
3. Treatment of vegetable juice helps reduce pain. To do this, you can squeeze fresh juice and drink 1 time per day. The following proportions juices: carrots, cucumbers, beets in a proportion of 10: 3: 3; 10 parts of carrot with 6 portions of spinach; carrots, cabbage, lettuce in the ratio 8: 4: 4.

Recipe with laurel

Cooking steps:

1. Half of the package of bay leaf should be put into the pot.
2. It is in pan pour 300 g of boiling water.
3. Decoction should be boiled for 15 minutes.
4. Wrap means and infuse for 3 hours.
5. Eat broth at bedtime for 3 consecutive days (every day fresh).
6. The course is repeated after 7 days.

Recipe for potato liqueur

Cooking steps:

1. A raw potato is cleaned, crushed on a grater.
2. Gruel poured 1 tbsp. kefir.
3. Tincture is kept 1 hr.
4. For 10 days the means used daily.
5. The next 10 days through day reception.
6. During the next 10 days - in the third after two.
7. The course lasts for 2 months.

The effective range of physical therapy for arthritis of the hip joint

coxitis treatment - a complex of measures, which must include the exercise of physiotherapy (physical therapy). This will provide a stable positive outcome of therapy, preserve joint mobility, quality of life continue.

The effective complex of static exercises (fading during exercise) must exceed the dynamic load (active movement). This approach avoids the wear of the joints and muscles, in turn, strengthened.

The rules of the physical therapy:

• before the training necessary to measure blood pressure;
• movements are performed smoothly, slowly, in any case not vigorously;
• the intensity of the exercise amount of repetition increases gradually;
• the bulk of the training takes place in a sitting or lying position;
• must adhere to regular exercise;
• in the event of pain should immediately stop the exercise;
• Each approach to exercise one leg is 5-15 times.

The complex may include exercises:

1. Lying on your back with legs straight held pulling socks on myself and on my own.
2. In the supine position, alternately raised and lowered at the hips with straight legs.
3. Without changing position, legs bent at the knees and alternately tightened to the stomach.
4. In the supine position on a side legs straightened, the upper leg lying at an angle of 45 ° and is held in this position for 2-3 seconds. then gradually returns down.
5. To take the position, lying on his stomach with legs straight pull one leg off the floor and lift to a height of 25 cm, fixed and lower smoothly.
6. You need to sit on a chair (stool) slowly straighten your leg at the knee and lift as you can hold in this state, 30 to 60 seconds. then slowly lower the leg to the floor.

Physiotherapy

Arthritis of the hip joint, symptoms and treatment of which depends on the timeliness of diagnosis, has as part of a recovery physiotherapy.

The method of therapy allows you to:

• to block pain;
• remove puffiness;
• accelerate regeneration of cartilaginous tissues;
• lead to normal metabolism;
• regenerate joints;
• improve the blood supply to damaged tissues;
• Physiotherapy is reduced due to drug load on the body.

All physiotherapy treatments have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, most - antispasmodic, but only a few methods to help regenerate cartilage. The appointment procedure takes place on an individual basis, based on the algorithm of treatment.

Principles for determining the necessary procedures are summarized in the table below:

Title	Removing SIS-mov	Stimulation lyatsiya Regen-talkie tissue	Naru-sheniya krovoob-rashchenija	Tion inflammatory processes, swelling	Pain syndrome	Normalization tion of metabolism
laser therapy	+	+	+	+
Electrophoresis anesthetics positive cations	+	+
Electrophoresis with anesthetics negative anions	+	+
magnetotherapy	+	+	+	+	+	+
Shock wave therapy	+	+	+	+	+	+
Ultrasound	+	+
Oxygen with arthrocentesis	+	+	+	+	+
Medium-wave ultraviolet irradiation	+	+
Low-intensity UHF-therapy	+	+	+
arsonvalization	+	+	+
radon baths	+	+	+
hydrogen sulfide baths	+	+	+
High-intensity centimetric therapy	+	+

complications

Arthritis of the hip joints is quite a dangerous disease.

It can lead to complications in the form of:

1. osteoarthritis - abnormal, irreversible degenerative leading to the cartilage change, joints and bones.
   
2. Atrophy of the thigh muscles - a gradual decrease in the amount of muscle mass with the process of rebirth, the emergence of fiber fineness down to extinction.
3. Loss of motor function of the joint - ankylosis or neoarthrosis. Diseases that lead to disability of the patient.
4. Purulent coke can cause toxic shock or sepsis - getting an infection in the blood.

forecast treatment

In the event of timely treatment in full, it is possible to minimize disruption to the functionality of the hip joints. Prediction treatment is positive with a high probability prevent possible complications.

As preventive measures to avoid the development of arthritis is recommended:

• to conduct monitoring of weight: Obesity is a potential risk factor;
• conduct timely and fully any therapy of infectious bacterial and viral diseases;
• to carry out the primary surface treatment of injuries and injuries of the joints in order to prevent the occurrence of penetrating nature of infection.

Pain Syndrome - first symptom of arthritis of the hip joints, severe diseases, which treatment can not ride because of possible complications, loss of leg movement and even possible disability. Treatment of disease should be carried out under the supervision of specialists.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

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