Variability of heart rate. Normal heart rhythm ms. What is it, performance and value, decoding

Variability of heart rate - an indicator that can tell a person about his health. BCP has a rate for each person. Today it is possible to measure the variability of using new technologies in the form of hours or using applications on smartphones.

What is the variability of the heart rate

Variability of heart rate - the difference between two successive contractions of the heart. heart rate is constantly changing, adjusting to the body. reduction of the heart may become more, or, on the contrary, slow down, depending on the product oxygen and nutrients.

Also, the figure changes when exposed to external stimuli. Norm and deviation previously detected using an electrocardiogram. Now, the heart rate may be measured by hours or special applications that are installed on the smartphone.

The highest rate variability - from those involved in sport and young people. In healthy people, the heart returns to a state of peace and a normal rhythm within a very short period of time, adapting to the environment.

However, and is completely healthy person can have low rate of HRV (heart rate variability) - this is a consequence of experienced stress and the need for restoration. If the indicator is constantly low or often falls - it is an occasion to worry about health.

HRV is also an indicator of the nervous system and the degree of accumulated stress. Responsible for changing the autonomic nervous system - the sympathetic and parasympathetic. When the two parts of the system are in balance, the body is all right, pulse is normal. The discrepancy yields such results as the deterioration recovery processes, and other overtraining.

On whether there is discrepancy in the nervous system, can be found on rate variability:

• myocardial stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pulse rate increases and decreases HRV;
• recovery occurs, operates the parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate and variability, on the contrary, increased.

To determine the reasons for the change of variability (stress and recovery) is recommended to measure the rate regularly. This will help understand whether normalization quickly and whether overtraining was going on, how well the body adapts to the stress and physical condition at the moment.

Table rules

The variability of the pulse, the rate of which depends upon the age and health of the person may also vary based on the physical activity and physiological condition.

For example, pregnant women in the last stages heartbeat quickens a bit. Athletes HRV significantly lower than those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. But most of the pulse rate is determined by age.

A person's age	Pulse
Newborn	115-140 beats / min
1 months to 1 year	102-130 beats / min
1-7 years	95-100 beats / min
8-15 years	80-85 beats / min
20-30 years	60-70 beats / min
30-50 years	60-80 beats / min
50-60 years	80-85 beats / min
60-80 years	80-95 beats / min

When the pulse at a rate of 60 beats higher than 100, it indicates tachycardia.

Symptoms of increase and decrease

On how frequent contractions of the heart depends on the increase or decrease variability. With an increase in performance, it will be lower at low - rise. In healthy people, figure consistently high for a stay of the body alone. But if BCP increased greatly, this is the reason to worry about health.

the symptoms are very well pronounced in heart palpitations, but sometimes they can be confused with several other diseases, including severe (heart attack, stroke). Because of this, the person is in the alarm state, have emotional people may be present fear of death and panic.

Not always, these concerns are groundless - rapid pulse can actually be caused by the disease developing.

Symptoms of increased heart rate as follows:

• feeling strong pulsation (a person can feel it without even touching the wrist to measure);
• pain in the left side of the chest;
• dyspnea;
• weakness;
• anxiety disorder;
• sometimes there is fever;
• fainting;
• dizziness.

Pulse may also increase due to the frequently occurring stress (emotional overstrain) and pregnancy. Lowering heart rate is accompanied by an increase in HRV.

When the pathological process, and pulse deviates from their norm, a man manifest such symptoms:

• weakness;
• absent-mindedness and memory loss;
• headache or dizziness;
• dyspnea;
• pain in the chest.

In general, the symptoms are similar to those that occur at high rates. However, the fall pulse is dangerous because in the case of disease in humans can occur sudden cardiac arrest.

Therefore, if a low pulse rate is not physiological characteristics of an organism, you must immediately consult a doctor. Bradycardia (low heart rate) - a dangerous disease that causes lack of oxygen, which is why the first to suffer brain.

Lowering heart rate in this case becomes a cause of cardiac arrest operation.

The reasons for increases and decreases

Variability pulse (norm - is usually highest rate) changes as a result of various causes. Decrease or increase in heart rate may occur due to factors completely harmless. For example, after physical activity (cardio and weight training, jogging) or upon completion of the meal HRV values ​​are reduced (increased heart rate).

Other reasons include the increase:

• stress, emotional stress;
• high temperature;
• when consuming caffeinated beverages;
• hormonal changes in adolescents.

Another thing, when a rapid pulse caused by the disease. In such cases, due to pathologies of the circulatory system of the heart begins to contract rapidly. Not only cardiovascular disease may cause an increase in the indicator. Thyroid disease can increase the frequency of contractions. Such pulmonary pathology, as emphysema also can lead to a decrease in HRV.

Taking certain drugs, e.g., vasoconstrictive or antidepressanov droplets may also become a cause of increase. The factors leading to a decrease in heart rate and increase in variability is also varied. They may be associated with pathological processes, and may be a natural response of the body.

Among the reasons for release:

• hypertension;
• bradycardia;
• anoxia;
• malnutrition, exhaustion;
• long stay in the cold or in cold water.

If the reason for the decrease was the low blood pressure, you should start taking medications that contribute to improving it. To do this, you should consult with your doctor.

Indications for study

Regular measurement of variability by means of hours or for a smartphone application makes it clear what happens to the heart rate and whether or not to worry about it. However, it is worth considering some of the moments in which you need a more thorough examination.

For example, regular check-ups (not only froze HRV) are required for patients with diabetes during decompensation. At this point, it is difficult to understand how it will "behave" heart rhythm - it can be sped up, slowed down, or vice versa.

When the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, laboratory research and measurements of other indicators are also needed. The man most likely to occur tachycardia up to 115 beats per minute. In such cases, if the drugs to reduce the heart rate does not give the desired effect, it is necessary to call an ambulance.

Pay attention to the health costs when HRV dramatically increase or decrease. When this medication does not help, there are pain, fainting. It is also an indication for examinations: electrocardiogram, ultrasound of the heart and others.

Timely diagnosis to avoid complications and to start the necessary treatment. To get started is to ask for a general survey of the therapist, and then get a referral for examination by cardiologists.

How to determine the

Variability in heart rate is determined most often in hospitals. This is due to the fact that the load on the patient needs constant monitoring to then accurately determine the state of his heart, any response to stress and recovery ability. HRV diagnostic methods are divided into several groups.

There is a group, which is determined by the time of measurement:

• short (up to 5 min.);
• average burst length (up to 2 hr.);
• long (large period of time, 1 night).

The latter is carried out during operations or find a patient in the intensive care unit. The most common way - short.

As determined by analysis of HRV diagnostic methods are quite a few:

• statistical method - determining the standard deviation and coefficient of variation interval (measured RR intervals and NN);
• geometric - calculation of the characteristics of the received information with the further construction of the histograms;
• correlation rhythmography - the manner in which clearly visible heartbeat (slowing or extra strokes);
• spectral method - definition of different frequency performance and impact on the rhythm of other bodies (with arrhythmias end result is modified).

When you take into account the analysis available to the patient and the possible distortion of the results due to them.

Preparation and analysis

Before you conduct research, the patient undergoes medical advice. Then he needs to prepare for the tests. Training is essential, as it allows you to get the exact results for the further definition of the disease.

1. First, let's take into account that performance will be affected by factors such as gender, age, weight, physical activity, underlying disease, taking medication. When carrying out measurements themselves pay attention to the emotional state of a person - a strong emotion can spoil the result.
2. For 4-6 hours before the test the patient should not drink coffee, tea, energy. Strictly contraindicated alcohol. 1-2 hours is best not to eat at all, or have a snack a small amount of food without salt, hot spices, sugar and added fat.
3. Before you start is not accepted procedures vasoconstrictor, sedatives and stimulants.

The patient should be calm and relaxed during the performance measurement sessions. It makes sense to sit for a while in the office and catch your breath - it will be useful in the case when a man in a hurry for a session or have just arrived.

Decoding results

Variability in heart rate (the rate depends on the sex, age, degree natrenirovannosti and other features) and its results can be interpreted to. This is conveniently done using special applications or hours. The programs are usually described in detail, what is the normal rate. In such a case, the deviation can be seen immediately.

To determine the state of health of the person using some notation:

• pressure (normal 90 / 80-129 / 80);
• HF (recovery) - rate of 700-1200 mc²;
• LF (mobilization) - norm 700-1600 mc²;
• VLF - norm 300-1200 mc².

These designations may be used in the analysis of materials in hospitals.

When you need to see a doctor

Elevated pulse occurs during hot weather or overexcitation and lowered may occur due to a cold. If the indicators are not caused by natural causes, and there are even at rest, you should visit a doctor.

When the pulse is intermittent, sharply deviates from the norm, causing any discomfort and fainting, it is also an occasion to pass a medical examination.

Hours and special applications are convenient because at any time you can spend a quick measurement and learn about the variability of heart rate. For the treatment should be treated in the cardiology center.

How to bring performance back to normal

The variability of the pulse, the rate of which is reduced by various means, at an elevated and reduced state can be treated by several methods. In normal HRV indices can lead yourself, but if the reason - in the pathological process, it is best not to neglect the medicines that have been appointed after the diagnosis.

Medications

With increased pulse and reduced HRV often take.

Title	Description	How to use
atenolol	It is used in angina pectoris, arrhythmias, hypertensive crisis, used for migraine prevention	25-50 mg 1 time per day
Atropine	It reduces vagal tone - this leads to a decrease in heart rate.	300 mg every 4-6 hours
izadrin	The drug used in cardiogenic shock, and bronchial asthma and bronchitis.	1 tablet placed under the tongue. On the day you can take from 2 to 4 pcs.
eufillin	It provides blood oxygen saturation, decreases vascular voltage and regulates the heart muscle, reduces the pressure in the pulmonary circulation.	It depends on the patient's weight.

With reduced pulse and the high variability of other drugs.

Title	Description	How to use
practolol	Means reduces the heart rate and myocardial excitability.	1 tablet per day.
Valerian	The drug has a sedative and antispasmodic effect. Not allowed for pregnant women, lactating women, children under 1 year.	Infusion take 20-30 drops 3-4 times a day.
Digoxin	Administered intravenously. The preparation promotes the concentration of sodium and potassium ions, which reduce heart rate	0.75-1.25 mg, 2-3 times a day.
flecainide	Topical anesthetic with antiarrhythmic effect. Banned in heart failure and shock.	50 mg 1 hour before meals. Take 1 time per day.

Note: drugs are not taken without a doctor's prescription. Abuse and neglect contraindications can provoke many side effects, including death.

Traditional methods

Recipes home medicine can help treat high or low variability. Do not use them as a primary treatment. Before the use of an agent need to consult a doctor, because the components may not be compatible with the take medication or condition of the person.

To lower the heart rate the most common folk remedies are:

• honey and chamomile;
• black currant;
• infusion of lemon balm, hops, valerian and fennel seeds;
• broth hips.

And to improve the indicators The following tools are used:

• infusion of young pine branches;
• tincture of ginseng;
• decoction of calendula;
• garlic and lemon;
• Paste Amosov.

Various herbal teas (lemon balm, raspberry, thyme) are recommended for the general improvement of health and peace.

other methods

When sudden changes in HRV person can recommend the following methods of first aid:

• Try to calm down (or immediately stop training, to go to rest);
• Massage your fingertips eyeballs;
• breathe deeply, making it at the time of inhaling a short pause;

At low pulse can help coffee or strong tea, tsitramon, 15-20 hawthorn drops.

possible complications

Heart rate variability is able to point out the existence of serious problems with the body. If you ignore the deviation indicators or self-medicate, their development and possible further deterioration of health. The lack of proper treatment can lead to death.

Measurement of heart rate variability - an important procedure to the established norms and deviations, allows you to specify on existing heart problems, excessive emotional tension, overtraining. Measure is particularly important not only for athletes who follow the load, but for people who are worried about the state of his heart and the nervous system.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

Video of the variability of heart rate

About HRV index and stress: