Hypertensive heart disease is a chronic pathology that is characterized by high blood pressure. Violated the regulation of vascular tone and heart function. Determine the stage and the cause of the changes will help the physician practitioner after a thorough medical examination. In the absence of medical aid hypertension progresses and provokes serious complications.
The content of the article:
- 1 types of diseases
- 2 Stage and grade
- 3 symptoms
- 4 Causes of
- 5 Diagnostics
- 6 When to see a doctor
- 7 prevention
-
8 therapies
- 8.1 Medications
- 8.2 Traditional methods
- 8.3 Other methods
- 9 possible complications
- 10 Video of hypertensive disease
types of diseases
Medical statistics show that in most cases, 30% of the population increased blood pressure in the background of a particular disease. We are talking about secondary hypertension, which should be treated early to prevent serious complications (heart attack, stroke, hypertensive crisis).
In medicine, there are two types of hypertension:
| Title | Description |
| Essential (primary) hypertension | The main cause of the disease - this is the natural aging process of the human body. More likely to develop on the background of the lack of physical activity or as a result of being overweight. Excessive use of salt or heredity also provoke essential hypertension. The same thing happens due to malnutrition. |
| secondary hypertension | The disease develops on the background of a certain disease, which struck the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, the endocrine system and arteries. Not always secondary hypertension is accompanied by characteristic symptoms, even when blood pressure rises to critical levels. In some situations, there is a headache, but the man ignores it, writing off the usual fatigue or migraine. |
There is also malignant hypertension syndrome characterized by high performance (210/120 mmHg). The first figure - a measure of systolic blood pressure (SBP). It shows your blood pressure, creates heart rate and blood into the arterial emission area of the cardiovascular system.
The second digit indicates the diastolic blood pressure (DBP). A condition in which the heart relaxes and fills with blood. The figure shows the pressure in the arteries at the time.
Stage and grade
Stage and grade of essential hypertension depend on the precipitating factors. Establish an accurate diagnosis will help the doctor the therapist after a complete diagnosis. This information is necessary for the selection of appropriate and effective treatment.
The following extent of the disease:
| Title | Description |
| Hypertensive heart disease is 1 degree | Mild form of the disease which is characterized by arterial pressures within 140-159 / 90-99 mmHg |
| Hypertension 2 degrees | Moderate form pathology, in which the pressure is raised to 100-160 / 109-180 mmHg It increases the risk of complications. |
| Hypertensive heart disease 3 degree | Severe form of the disease which is characterized by high blood pressure (180/110 mmHg or higher). |
Given the negative impact of pathological processes, physicians distinguish 3 main stages of essential hypertension:
| Title | Description |
| stage I | The work of the cardiovascular system runs smoothly, the clinical symptoms are absent. |
| stage II | Increased blood pressure, increased left ventricle. In some situations, narrowing the vessels of the retina. |
| stage III | Pathological processes from disrupting the operation of certain internal organs. There is chronic renal failure, angina pectoris. Swells the optic nerve, bleeding occurs. |
Hypertensive heart disease negatively affects the work of many internal organs (brain, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, eyes), provoking a variety of comorbidities. It is important to identify violations at an early stage, to start timely treatment and prevent serious consequences.
symptoms
The main feature of essential hypertension is high blood pressure that is present throughout the day. To accompany the common symptoms include headache, dizziness, facial flushing, blurred vision, pain in the heart and shortness of breath after the increase in physical activity.
Depending on the degree of hypertension is accompanied by the following features:
| Title | symptoms |
| Hypertensive heart disease is 1 degree |
|
| Hypertension 2 degrees |
|
| Hypertensive heart disease 3 degree |
|
In arterial hypertension increases blood volume, disturbed functioning endothelium (outer layer vessels), increased cardiac ejection of blood, which leads to enhanced activity of the sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system.
Causes of
Hypertensive heart disease is more common in people with bad habits (smoking, alcohol), obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. Similar problems faced and those who have family relatives also suffered from high blood pressure.
There are many triggers that cause hypertension:
- harmful food (canned food, meats, oily and spicy food);
- an increased amount of salt consumed;
- tense situation at home or at work;
- physical and nervous exhaustion;
- a large number of animal protein;
- frequent stressful conditions.
In males the risk of hypertensive disease increases after 35 years. Women violations and pathological processes often occur during menopause.
At risk are also people with high cholesterol, diabetes. Hypertensive heart disease develops due to degenerative disc disease cervical-thoracic or atherosclerosis. Squeezing causes vessels to raise blood pressure.
Diagnostics
Hypertensive heart disease (stage of pathological processes accompanied by attributes that therapist not recommended to ignore) can develop on its own or on a background of serious violations in the body person. Timely diagnosis will identify violations, begin treatment and prevent serious consequences.
Systematic pressure monitoring at home will identify hypertension and go to the hospital at an early stage of disease development.
In the presence of pressure surges therapists prescribe additional diagnostics:
| Title | Description |
| General urine analysis | Results show the change in hemoglobin levels, glucose, calcium and potassium. |
| General and biochemical analysis of blood | |
| electrocardiography | The survey helps to evaluate in detail the work of the heart muscle, to determine the pathological changes. |
| Physical diagnosis | The doctor listens to heart of the stethoscope, assess the condition of the patient after exercise. |
| Doppler | Maximize examination, in which the doctor receives the information about the blood flow through the vessels. |
| entoptoscopy | The ophthalmologist will examine the eye, as for hypertension retinal vein expanded and there are painful sensations. |
| Ultrasonography (US) of the heart and abdominal organs | Examination shows the thickness of the heart wall, the state of the valve and present violations damage. |
| arteriography | X-ray examination of the heart and blood vessels. It allows to determine the state of the arterial walls, to identify the atheromatous plaque and artery defects. |
If necessary, an additional need examination and consultation with a cardiologist. It is also necessary to test the adrenal glands and kidneys. High blood pressure negatively affects the nephrons.
We are talking about a cell whose function is to clean the blood of toxins. Ultrasound examination can help detect tumors in the adrenal gland or kidney tissue damage.
When to see a doctor
Increased blood pressure is a signal that in humans there are serious disorders that require the attention of a specialist. Regular races can not be ignored, it is important to get tested and to see a therapist. Additionally, it may need to consult an endocrinologist, neurologist, nephrologist and cardiologist.
To the doctor should be consulted if there was a marked increase in blood pressure repeatedly. Untreated, hypertension leads to serious complications (stroke, heart attack, heart failure).
prevention
Hypertensive heart disease (stage of pathological processes require medical diagnosis and treatment, as a high risk of serious complications) often occurs against the backdrop of a wrong way life. The man moves a little, working in a sitting position or consume junk food.
Prevent hypertension is easier than to fight it. Prevention is primarily necessary for people who have dominated the hereditary factor. It is important to be seen by a doctor and take care of their health.
prevention of hypertension is carried out by the following methods:
| Title | Description |
| primary |
|
| secondary | Preventive maintenance is carried out in a similar situation to prevent the complications of hypertension. If this diagnosis is a medication-assisted therapy. Life and diet of the patient is changing dramatically. Compliance with all the preventive measures, both at the primary hypertension, but with increased requirements. |
Primary prevention helps prevent the development of hypertension. Recommendations therapist should observe people who are often surrounded by precipitating factors.
therapies
Hypertensive heart disease (stage of the disease are characterized by certain clinical symptoms) treated comprehensively. The doctor prescribes medication. If there are no contraindications, you can use the recipes of traditional healers and healers.
Hypertension is a chronic disease, therefore, requires lifelong treatment. The main purpose - is to prevent complications and serious consequences, including death.
Medications
Medications can reduce blood pressure and are certain prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Medication prescribed by a doctor or therapist cardiologist after a medical examination.
| drug Group | Title | application |
| ACE inhibitors | "Captopril", "Enalapril" | Prevent the production of the hormone promotes increased blood pressure. The starting dose is 25 mg 2 r. per day. The drug was taken 60 minutes before meals. The maximum daily dose is 150 mg. Supportive therapy involves the intake of 25 mg 2-3 p. in a day. |
| diuretics | "Indapamide", "Hydrochlorothiazide" | Have a diuretic effect. It is recommended to take the medicine in the morning on 1 tab. |
| Calcium channel blockers | "Nifedipine" "Verapamil" | Dilate blood vessels. Medication taken during meals or after meals. The starting dose is 1 tablet 2-3 p. in a day. The daily rate is not more than 40 mg. |
| vasodilators | "Hydralazine", "Minoxidil" | Relax the arteries. Treatment begins with 10-25 mg 2-4 p. a day after a meal. Gradually increase the dosage to 100-200 mg, divided in 4 p. |
| Beta-blockers | "Atenolol" "Carvedilol" | Allow to control blood pressure, reduce the incidence of heart attacks. Taking medication in the morning of 25-50 mg. The maximum daily dose is 200 mg. |
The drug is taken for a long time, patients are advised to adhere strictly to medical prescription and to pick up their scheme. To achieve the therapeutic effect of course begins with the minimum dose and gradually increasing them.
Traditional methods
Hypertensive heart disease (stage pathology show the extent of pathological processes) requires complex surgery. Along with the medication, unless there are serious contraindications, you can use the recipes of traditional healers and healers. It is important to observe the dosage scheme and also to discuss the treatment with a therapist.
Effective recipes that help lower blood pressure:
| Title | Recipe | application |
| Honey liqueur | Mix 500 g of honey and 0.5 L of vodka. Put on the fire and heat until the foam. Stir and present. Separately combine chamomile, valerian, uliginose, knotweed and motherwort in equal proportions. Pour hot water (1L). Infuse, strain the broth and mix with honey liqueur. Received pushing means 3 d. in a dark place. | In the first week of treatment medication take 1 tsp 2 r. in a day. Starting from the second week to 1 tablespoon before the end of the tincture. Therapy is long, the breaks between courses constitute 7-10 d. |
| Golden mustache | The product was pulverized and poured vodka (0.5 L). Insist 12 d. in a dark place. It is recommended every 3 d. shake the container. | Take the medicine 30 minutes before meals for 1 dl |
| vegetable juices | Mix the juice of carrots, beets and black radishes 1 tbsp. Add the honey in the same proportion and the juice of one lemon. | Means take 1 tbsp before meals 3 p. per day. The course of treatment lasts 1.5 months. |
Cope with hypertension also helps decoction based on rosehip. The drink you can drink without any restrictions, instead of tea.
Other methods
Proper nutrition has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system.
There are also additional physician recommendations to keep in mind:
| Title | Description |
| Reduce salt consumption | The maximum daily intake is 5 g or less. Salt retains fluid in the body and reduces the effectiveness of drugs that help lower blood pressure. |
| Rejection of bad habits | Nicotine speeds up heart rhythms, promotes vasospasm. Increased blood pressure, against which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The same thing happens when consuming alcoholic beverages. |
| Fighting overweight | With weight reduction reduces blood pressure. |
| drinking regime | Recommended daily use 1.5 liters of clear fluid to normalize the metabolism. |
| Physical exercise | Brisk walking, gymnastics, swimming can help lower blood pressure. Suffice it to 3-4 p. a week to engage in vigorous exercise for 30-45 minutes. |
| proper nutrition | It is recommended to give up the fat and add to the vegetable diet, fruit, seafood, fish. |
| Protection from stress | The intense rhythm of modern life provokes a rise in blood pressure. Limitation of emotional stress and eliminate stress will prevent the development of hypertension. |
From the diet it is recommended to eliminate coffee and tea, and alcoholic beverages. Fractional feed and uniformly to 8 p. per day. Abandon posts and diets. As a maintenance therapy to patients with hypertension prescribed electric, laser therapy, electrophoresis.
Physical therapy procedures have a positive effect on the functioning of internal organs and systems. Electrical impulses lower blood pressure, heals the kidneys and heart. Sulfide and carbon dioxide baths improve the functioning of the immune system.
possible complications
Without timely treatment and control of hypertension progresses, there are serious consequences:
- developing atherosclerosis;
- there is heart failure;
- increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke;
- Circulatory disorders leads to the development of chronic arterial hypertension;
- vision deteriorates;
- there is renal failure;
- occurs metabolic syndrome;
- complicated and exacerbated by diabetes;
- men have problems with erection.
Many diseases lead to a reduction in earning capacity, on which background patient is fitted with a disability. In difficult situations increase the risk of death. It is important to detect the disease at an early stage of development. The therapist or cardiologist order tests and will select the most effective treatment.
Hypertensive heart disease can proceed peacefully, if timely diagnosis of pathology and under strict medical supervision. Later stages provoke serious complications if the tightening campaign to a specialist or to be treated independently.
Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg
Video of hypertensive disease
Live healthy! Hypertension and heart:
