Enlarged tonsils in children. Causes and Treatment, photos, folk remedies, medications, home treatments

Tonsils - lymphoid tissue is located in the oral cavity and nasopharynx. In children, it is actively formed up to 7 years, further development is slowed down. After 14 years of tonsil growth stops, they gradually begin to shrink in size. Increased body violates the child swallowing and breathing processes, and also causes complications.

tonsils function in the body

Tonsils are a kind of barrier. They protect the body from infection entering through the respiratory tract, mouth and ears. With the penetration of viruses, bacteria or fungi, in these organs, it is an active antibody production tonsils. As a result, the pathogen is destroyed, failing to penetrate to the internal organs.

Tonsils are divided into 4 types:

1. palatine (glands). It paired amygdala, which are located on the right and on the left side of the throat.
2. Tube. They are also paired. They are above the palatine tonsils in the area of ​​the opening of auditory tube.
3. pharyngeal (adenoids). Located at the back of the nasopharynx.
4. Lingual. It is located on the surface of the tongue.

Together tonsils form a protective circle in the larynx. During long-term and frequent colds glands can be increased in size (that impairs breathing through the mouth and swallowing) and adenoids (nose breathing difficult). When sprouting almonds in their delayed development of the pathogen of the disease. As a result, instead of the protective function of the tonsils and adenoids contribute to the development of diseases.

The causes of inflammation of the tonsils in the child

Enlarged tonsils of the child are the cause of a strong decrease in immunity. Without addressing the pathology of provoking factor can not be cured.

Reasons for changes in the size of the tonsils are divided into 4 groups:

External and internal exposure	inflammatory processes	Allergic reaction
Prolonged exposure to high or low temperatures (due to climate) and also the use of large amounts of cold liquid	Frequent catarrhal diseases (acute respiratory viral infection, runny nose)	Pollen, dust, animal hair
Too dry or too moist air	Complications after severe infectious diseases (angina, influenza, scarlet fever)	medicines
Exposure to radiation	Inflammation is a result of getting infections at mucosal damage the integrity of the tonsils	alimentary allergy
genetic predisposition	Inflammatory processes in the auditory and nasal passages	Chemical allergy (throat rinse, toothpaste, inhaled vapors of chemical compounds)
Immunodeficiency	Inflammatory pathology of internal organs
Pathology of infectious aetiology (disturbance of the heart, blood vessels, nervous system)	Infectious diseases of the digestive tract
Disruption of the endocrine system organs and hormonal failure	Getting an infection in the oral cavity in utero or during childbirth
Congenital and acquired diseases of the nasal cavity (curvature, fracture of the nasal septum, polyps)
Violation of the blood, including anemia
Low social and living conditions (defective baby food diet, excessive dampness and cold in the room)
teething or running caries

The most likely to develop diseases in children between 3-8 years. Since this time, the development and strengthening of the immune system. Without treatment, the disease becomes chronic.

The degree of increase of tonsils

According to the character, how much overlap tonsils pharyngeal space, increasing the glands is divided into 4 degrees:

1. Tonsils (together) in size occupy 1/3 of the throat area. It does not cause serious discomfort your child in the daytime. At night, there may be low-energy snoring.
2. Tonsils overlap area is already halfway. It feels discomfort when breathing (shortness of breath when running and active games) and swallowing large-sized food.
3. Swallowing space virtually blocked tonsils. Breathing and swallowing processes in the child severely hampered.
4. Tonsils completely cover the space of the pharynx, there is a strong lack of oxygen, swallowing food impossible.

All dangerous extent pathology. It is not only lack of breath. The tonsils contain infection which can get into the bloodstream and spread further throughout the body.

The symptoms of enlarged tonsils of the child

Signs of disease depends on the stage of the disease. Increased tonsils caused no inflammation, accompanied by the following manifestations.

the disease stage	Common symptoms	distinctive signs
1 degree	treatment duration of colds lung; child is sick often, and with the development of complications in the throat, auditory and nasal passages; constant dryness in the oral cavity due to prolonged mouth breathing; a temporary stop breathing during the night. With increasing severity of seizure frequency increases.	externally visualized overlapping pharyngeal space by 1/3; child may feel not strong discomfort when swallowing food; drying and sore throat in the night; lymph nodes hardly increased.
2 degree	when viewing the larynx is seen to overlap larynx almonds ½; difficulty in breathing during active pastime, wherein breaths, accompanied by wheezing and noisy; in the morning there is a barking cough; difficulty swallowing solid food medium size; the presence of snoring during the night's rest; violation of the pronunciation of words; palpation detected lymph node enlargement.
Grade 3	visually determined an almost complete overlap of the pharyngeal space; respiratory process difficult, even at rest, characterized by loud inhaling and exhaling; difficulty swallowing solid foods of any size; wheezing and heavy snoring during sleep, as well as dry, barking cough; speech becomes unintelligible due to nasal; child gets tired easily and complains of a headache, this is due to lack of oxygen in the body; possible hearing impairment; swollen lymph nodes may be determined visually; purulent tonsillitis accompanied by traffic jams.
4 degree	It can be seen when viewed complete overlap laryngeal tonsils; child almost can not breathe independently; swallowing food impossible; hearing loss; inability to speech pronunciation.

Disease at stage 1 can be found only on the survey at the Lore. At 2 and 3 stages of disease can be detected independently parents. It is necessary to appeal to a specialist for examination and determination of the necessary therapy. At stage 4 the child feels severe asphyxia, need urgent medical care.

When you need to see a doctor?

Sometimes the tonsils in children may be increased due to the physiological structure or function of the immune system strengthened. The child is active and it did not bother. In the presence of symptoms characteristic of enlarged tonsils, especially breathing heavy and swallowing problems, you should contact to LORu for the purpose of inspection and treatment.

With increasing temperature, redness of the tonsils and the appearance of plaque on them, needs an urgent call nurses at home.

diagnosis of tonsil

Enlarged tonsils of the child shall be a danger to the body, as they accumulate infection that can continue to spread throughout the body. Before the appointment of therapy requires a complete examination and identification of the causes of the growth of the tonsils. Without its removal treatment will have no effect.

Inspection audiologist (ENT)

Before the appointment of the hardware necessary to pass examinations in ENT examination. The specialist checks the tonsils, evaluates the state of the throat, nose and ear passages as all interconnected bodies.

Upon detection of the increase going to the history of the child's illness, they were transferred, and with what appears regularly. And clarifies how a genetic predisposition and passed the process of childbirth.

Lab tests

Without further investigation impossible to determine the nature of the pathology (allergenic, inflammatory or side-impact).

The list includes the diagnostics:

• initially assigned Deposit of urine, blood and tonsils smear to identify the infectious agent (virus, bacterium, fungus);
• for increasing the accuracy of determining the degree assigned X-ray, CT scan or ultrasound of the nasopharynx;
• Analysis for allergy tests, to avoid allergic reaction;
• examination of the tonsils using an endoscope, to evaluate their structural condition and size.

If you suspect that the swelling of the tonsils due to the development of pathologies of internal organs appointed by a complete examination with determination of heart health, blood vessels, the digestive tract.

Treatment of tonsils in children

For reduction in size of the tonsils (in the pathology of non-infectious nature) used traditional medicines, drugs. If this therapy will not give results, then remove tonsils surgically.

Lavage of lacunas of tonsils

Tonsils have an uneven surface, the grooves on its mucous called lacunae. They accumulate and destroy bacteria, viruses and fungi. When tonsils increase in the gaps formed plugs of food particles, dirt and dust. To eliminate them, please refer to the otolaryngologist.

Specialist produces special washing syringe. In some cases dilution contents of gaps and further removal with a vacuum device. Trouble is prohibited.

Preparations for rinsing and lubrication tonsils in children

Enlarged tonsils can prevent the use of funds for rinsing and lubrication. In the treatment of pathologies of the child is necessary to pay attention to the age restriction.

Tannin

The drug has no age restrictions. For lubricating tonsils recommended to use 2% glycerol solution. To rinse 2% aqueous solution. Of procedures per day is determined by the attending specialist. Of the possible side effects of an allergic reaction to the tannin.

Antiformin (Antiforminum)

The solution has no age restriction. To rinse or irrigation tonsils assigned 1% or 3% solution. When used may cause allergies and retching because of the sharp odor of chlorine. Course, the frequency of use and the percentage of drug appointed audiologist.

Silver nitrate (Argentnitras)

Has no restrictions on age, shall be appointed for rinsing and lubrication tonsils. To prevent burns, drug development should be strictly observed concentration. When used rinsing agent 0.25-2%, cauterization when preparing a solution of a concentration of 2-10%. Silver nitrate disinfects and destroys infection, and promotes fast healing of wounds.

A solution of salt and soda

It can be used without assigning specialist. For the preparation of necessary in 200 ml of water was dissolved 5 g of salt and 4 g of sodium hydroxide. Rinse your tonsils to 4 times per day.

Tantum Verde

Available as a spray (3 allowed s), tablets (can be used with 3 years) and solution (allowed with 12 years). It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. Funds can not be used if there is intolerance to the drug, a spray in the presence of asthma. To rinse and irrigate the amygdala is necessary after a meal.

Tablets need to dissolve up to 4 times a day at regular intervals. The solution was diluted in a ratio of 1: 1 and used to 3 times. The number and frequency of injections spray appointed expert on the child's age. Course duration and repetition frequency are determined by an otolaryngologist.

Geksoral

Solution and spray are allowed to use 3 years. Means possess antimicrobial, antifungal and antibacterial activity. analgesic effect is weak. Prolonged use of agents can modify the mouthfeel.

When rinsing tonsils solution requires 15 ml of the product. The procedure is performed in the morning and evening hours. Aerosol also used 2 times per day. Spraying is performed for 2 seconds. During the procedure you need to hold your breath, it is difficult for children 3-4 years. The duration of the drug is determined LORom.

iodinol

The solution is allowed to be used for children from 5 years. Means destroying fungus, bacteria and germs. Also speeds up the metabolic processes in tissues. The drug should not be used in case of intolerance iodine.

When rinsing solution used tonsils 50 mL Ready vehicle (water solution was added until the water does not acquire a dark yellow color). The procedures performed up to 5 times a day, for 3 days. The solution was used for lubricating the tonsils to 3 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the technician.

Lymphotropic drugs for the treatment of inflamed tonsils in children

Enlarged tonsils of the child can be reduced by using lymphotropic means. Their distinguishing feature is the ability of concentrating only on the hearth of the inflammatory process.

Imudon

Lozenges can be used for children over 3 years. The tool has an immunostimulating action. Reception is contraindicated in the presence of an allergic reaction to components of the preparation. The day appointed by the absorption of 6 tablets at regular intervals. The course of treatment is 10-20 days, appointed by the attending specialist.

Lizobakt

Tablets are approved for use for children over 3 years. Antiseptic immunostimulating action. Tablets are forbidden to receive the presence of lactose intolerance. Use can cause an allergic reaction. For the treatment of assigned use 1 tablet 3-4 times a day for 8 days.

Treating enlarged tonsils folk remedies

To reduce the size of the tonsils can be used in traditional recipes, but be sure to use them should be negotiated with the treating specialist. applying danger is the presence of an allergic reaction.

rinse

Used for gargling infusions and decoctions of herbs with an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and immune stimulating effects.

List of herbs:

• flowers and grass Chamomile;
• sage leaves and stem;
• Marigold flowers;
• flowers, stems and leaves of yarrow;
• St. John's wort flowers;
• Oak bark.

To prepare, you can prepare a mixture of these herbs, or use one kind of grass.

All herbs can be purchased at the pharmacy. To prepare the required 20 g of dry grass / cortex and 200 mL of boiling water. After cooling, the infusion need to gargle. It is recommended to use every time a fresh infusion. Frequency of 3 times a day. The course to be confirmed by a specialist.

Tea with herbs

Herbal tea is recommended for children to strengthen the immune system and removing the inflammatory processes.

we recommend using the following plants flowers beverage preparation:

• linden;
• chamomile;
• marigold;
• mother and stepmother;
• St. John's wort;
• thyme.

You can also brew the leaves:

• currants;
• raspberry.

These herbs have been used instead of tea leaves and tea to drink 3 times a day. To enhance the quality of tea in the cup, you can add honey and lemon juice.

complications

Enlarged tonsils are a child, without proper treatment, risk of developing more serious diseases.

The list of possible complications:

• pathology quickly becomes chronic, which is difficult to treat;
• infection, which is in the tonsils, can enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body;
• disruption of the heart and blood vessels;
• malfunction of the nervous system;
• changes in blood composition, and anemia;
• degradation of cartilage;
• the lag in the development of physical and mental;
• underweight;
• malformation occlusion;
• the incomplete development of the chest;
• hearing loss;
• distortion of speech;
• frequent colds and infectious diseases, treatment of which often results in the development of complications.

With the development of the pathology to 4 degree may develop suffocation and death.

Indications to Step

Tonsils are a child increases to 10-14 years. Further there is a gradual decrease in their lifetime. If abnormality is 1 or 2 steps and does not cause severe discomfort, the recommended medication. If there are signs of life-threatening child is recommended surgical removal of the tonsils.

Factors that indicate the need for surgical intervention:

• strong violation of nasal breathing;
• the child can not swallow solid food;
• frequent respiratory arrest;
• development of malocclusion, or deformation of the jaw;
• child has a sore throat for more than 3 times a year;
• constant colds, destroying the development of immunity;
• development of pulmonary pathologies;
• strong degradation in voice quality.

In appointing the surgery the surgeon takes into account contraindications:

• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• presence of infectious diseases;
• bleeding disorder;
• neoplasms presence of any etiology;
• diabetes.

Surgical intervention is allowed after the child is 5 years old. When choosing a laser tonsillectomy child must be older than 10 years.

Forecast

When detecting a change in the size of the tonsils is recommended to follow the treatment appointed LORom it long. The essence of medical treatment often comes down to block the further growth of the tonsils. When the child reaches 10 years, they will begin to diminish yourself. Surgical removal of the tonsils is not recommended, since their absence would lead to a strong decrease in immunity.

Pediatric pathology develops more often because they do not yet have a strong enough immune system, and frequent colds tonsil do not have time to return to normal size. Pathology of the risk of developing complications. Therefore, upon detection of an increase in the glands of the child or the characteristic symptoms, recommended examination by an otolaryngologist.

Author: Svetlana Kotlyachkova

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