Bacterial infection in children. Symptoms and treatment of stomach, the intestines, the throat

Viral and bacterial infections in children provoke in most cases the same clinical picture. But the treatment is carried out by various means, taking into account the source of the disease. Wrong diagnosis and lack of treatment will lead to aggravation of the symptoms and the appearance of serious consequences.

What is a bacterial infection?

Pathogens of bacterial infections are cellular parasites primitive structure. Their waste products in the form of poison toxins and irritate the human body.

Bacterial contamination contributes to the development of various diseases in the acute form. Unicellular organisms have no core and shell only strong cell wall (cocci, bacillus, crimped and flagellated bacteria, cells, changing shape).

Types of childhood bacterial infections

There are diseases that occur in children, which are the causative agents of disease-causing bacteria:

Title	Description
Intestinal infection (dysentery, typhoid fever, salmonellosis).	The disease is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Accompanied by nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and loose stools. In some situations, the body temperature rises and there is a headache.
Bacterial infection of the respiratory organs (tonsillitis, pneumonia, bronchitis).	Develop inflammation in the larynx. Throat red, sore and fever. Pathogens are transmitted by aspiration.
Bacterial infection of the skin (abrasions, erysipelas, impetigo).	Diseases transmitted by contact.
Blood bacterial infections (plague, trench fever, tularemia).	Pathogens enter the body through the transmissible.

Diphtheria is a bacterial disease. A characteristic feature is the gray plaque on the tonsils. It rises as body temperature and there is a pain in the throat. Important disease to diagnose and begin treatment, because the risk of serious complications is high.

Scarlet fever in the patient's body appear small red dots. Eruptions are accompanied by general weakness, fever, soreness and irritation in the throat.

Bacterial infection in children (symptoms appear several days after infection the body) is divided into the following types:

Title	Description
Pneumococcal (meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media)	It is more common in children younger than 2 years old. The bacteria are found in the mucosa. Infection is spread by droplet infection (sneezing, coughing). Microorganisms are protected by a special coating which does not allow the human body to develop immunity to the disease. They penetrate into the blood, cerebrospinal fluid. In the category of risk are young children, whose immune system is still emerging. The same goes for older people (60 years).
Meningococcal	The infection, which pathogens are Neisseria meningitidis. At an early stage of the disease the patient has symptoms resembling a cold or flu. In 10% of people with meningococcal disease die, 20% - it is the patients who became disabled. Carriers are adults, but the children get sick more often.

In any situation requires timely diagnosis and therapy prescribed by your doctor pediatrician.

How is the infection?

the child's body infection occurs when bacteria enter the digestive organs.

There are the following ways of infection:

Title	Description
Contact-household	The infection enters the body after direct contact with a sick person.
Airborne	organism infection occurs through coughing or sneezing while. More children are infected by a bacterial infection in the kindergarten.
alimentary	Pathogens pathological processes fall into the body of a child with dirty water or dirty products.

Bacterial infection in children whose symptoms indicate the development of severe inflammatory reaction, requires the help of a pediatrician. There are not only signs of intoxication, but also damaged tissue, which significantly reduces the body's immunity.

Symptoms of bacterial infections in children

The child often faced with diseases because their immune system is still emerging. An increase of toxins in bacterial infections increases the clinical picture.

Parents should pay attention to the following symptoms and urgently appeal to the pediatrician:

• whiny child, sluggish and constantly capricious;

  

• temperature ranges;
• toddler tormenting fever and chills;
• an expression of dyspeptic symptoms;
• tonsils covered with white bloom.

Child also concerned about severe pain in his throat and appeared skin rashes on the body. It is important to diagnose the disease, the physician to choose the most effective treatment. Self-treatment will entail serious consequences and complications.

Differences viral stomach infection from bacterial

Diseases of viral or bacterial origin are equally dangerous for the child. It is important to diagnose and choose the therapy that will make the pediatrician.

Viral stomach infection	bacterial contamination
It is transmitted by airborne droplets, sometimes dirty hands, the products; Body temperature rises; general weakness; runny nose; cough; pain in the throat area. 2 days after infection, the person has nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the digestive system. It is deteriorating and appetite.	disease-causing bacteria enter the human body with spoiled food, dirty hands, things. The causative agent is Staphylococcus aureus, which is constantly in the human gut. Against the background of unfavorable factors is reduced immunity, cells are activated. Their reproduction and development lead to serious diseases that are difficult to treat.

In some situations, the child starts to hurt a viral infection, and against the background of certain factors happening adherence of harmful bacteria. The reason for this immune suppression. The body is exhausted and weak, the temperature continues to hold. In this situation, an urgent need to call a doctor for re-examination and adjustment of treatment.

Differences bacterial infection from SARS

Establish the correct diagnosis is important because on the basis of the results pediatrician child picks up treatment.

An adult is able to determine the place of location of pain and inflammation, which will quickly detect the disease and prescribe the correct medication.

Bacterial infection in children (symptoms can help the doctor make a diagnosis and choose the treatment) treated primarily antibacterial drugs. Pathogens produce local inflammation. Well viruses act on the entire human body, sharply worsening his condition.

To determine the bacterial flora, pediatrician doctor prescribes sputum. To confirm viral infection carried CBC.

A bacterial infection is a viral

According to medical statistics, 15% of cases in children viral infection complicated by a bacterial infection.

Pathological processes accompanied by the following clinical signs:

• recurrence of the primary symptoms of viral disease;
• increased body temperature;
  
• there are symptoms of intoxication (weakness, heavy sweating, weakness).

Often a bacterial infection in viral lesions observed during chickenpox in children. The disease is characterized by a rash on the body and constant itching. The child is difficult to understand why they can not scratch. Kid violates the integrity of the pimple. The wound becomes infected and form abscesses.

Papules rapidly spread throughout the body, causing extensive abscesses. After them, the scars remain on the skin. Accession bacterial infections can also provoke inflammation in the lymph nodes. The patient in this situation need surgery.

incorrect diagnosis of the risks

Viral diseases are more common in children than bacterial disease. It is important to establish the exact cause of the inflammation and to choose the most effective treatment.

Incorrect diagnosis can lead to serious consequences:

• on a weak immune system against pathogenic bacteria strongly activated, which also leads to serious complications. Status dangerous for children and pregnant women;
• bacterial infection during the 2 weeks is actively developing. The baby in this period is a carrier of the disease and is dangerous to others;
• application incorrectly selected drugs in a particular situation will lead to the progression of pathological processes and occurrence of complications (pneumonia, bronchitis).

Bacterial infection in children is more difficult to win, compared to viruses. Pathogens are able to quickly adapt to the environment and have a high immunity to certain medicines.

pediatrician doctor strongly recommends to treat a bacterial infection on their own, especially in children and pregnant women. The first symptoms are a reason for treatment to the hospital.

Treatment

Therapy aims at eliminating symptoms of a bacterial infection and improvement of the patient. The child should drink more and eat small portions. Also shown is bed rest, medications taken strictly on prescription.

The role of immunity in bacterial infection

Immediately after entering the human organism pathogens of bacterial diseases face innate immunity:

Title	Description
phagocytes	Cell innate immunity, which absorbs pathogens and waste their life.
The complement system	Complex protein molecules, directed against the bacteria.
Natural killer (NK).	Cells of innate immunity, the struggle is directed against the virus.

Once activated the innate immune system adaptive protection. Starts to produce antibodies using B-lymphocytes, which actively fight bacteria.

How to treat gastric infection?

In most cases, lesions of the gastric bacterial infection, symptomatic treatment is carried out with the use of certain medications.

drug Group	Title	Description
antibiotics	"Tinidazole", "Vancomycin".	Babies administered 50-60 mg / kg for 3 d. The course of therapy lasts 5 d.
antiemetic drugs	"Metoclopramide", "Lactobacterin".	The daily dosage for a child is 0.5-1 mg / kg p 1-3. in a day.
Funds for the restoration of water-salt balance	"Humana Electrolyte", "yelling."	The drug is diluted with warm or cold water. It is recommended to take at 50-100 ml / kg 3-8 p. in a day.
probiotics	"Hilak forte", "Linex".	Children appoint 20-40 cap. 3 r. per day. After improving the patient's condition, the dosage is reduced to 10-20 cap.
sorbents	"Polisorb", "Smecta".	The medicine receiving a suspension of 150-200 mg / kg per day, divided into 3-4 doses. The course of treatment is 3 to 15 h.

Patients are also advised to drink plenty of fluids. If a child refuses to eat, do not force it. You can offer a liquid rice porridge, cooked in water or chicken broth.

How to treat the infected intestine?

Bacterial infection in children (disease symptoms help to establish a preliminary diagnosis and choose the therapy) is treated based on the location of the inflammatory focus. The patient must stay in bed, drink plenty of liquids and dietary food.

drug Group	Title	The use and effectiveness
antibacterials	"Enterofuril", "norfloxacin".	Drugs kill pathogens of bacterial infection. Babies prescribed 200 mg of 3 p. a day for 7 days.
chelators	"Activated Carbon", "Enterosgel".	Drugs help remove toxins from the body. Recommended dosage of from 7.5 g of 3 p. a day for 7-14 d.
probiotics	"Enterozhermina", "Bifidumbacterin".	Means restores the digestive system. Babies designate bottle 1 1-2 p. daily for 6-14 d.
rehydration means	"Regidron", "Orasan".	Drugs make up the physiological fluid in the body of the child rules. The powder is diluted with water (1L) and drink for 24 hours. small portions.
antipyretics	"Nurofen", "Panadol".	Babies administered 250 to 500 mg p 3-4. a day not more than 7 days.

Medications recommended to give the child strictly on prescription. Separate treatment may lead to dehydration and the appearance of serious complications.

How to treat the affected throat bacteria?

With the defeat of a bacterial infection of the throat, it is recommended to consult a doctor. Pediatrician, given the results of the analyzes and the individual characteristics of the child's body, will select the most effective means.

drug Group	Title	The use and effectiveness
antibacterials	"Augmentin", "Amoxiclav".	Children's dosage was 5 ml 2p. a day with meals.
Preparations for rinsing	"Tantum Verde", "Oktenisept".	Rinse the oral cavity for 20 sec., Using 20 ml of solution.
Lozenges	"Geksaliz", "Lizobakt".	Children are encouraged to dissolve 1 tab. 3-4 p. per day. The course of treatment is not less than 8 days.
antiseptics	"Geksoral", "Ingalipt".	The drug applied to the affected mucosa of the mouth with a cotton swab 2 r. a day after a meal.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	"Ibuprofen", "Paracetamol".	Babies administered 20-30 mg / kg per day. Treatment is carried out over 5 days.

Babies recommended drink plenty of warm and bed rest at elevated body temperature.

Treatment of other bacterial diseases in children

In any situation, if it enters the body of harmful bacteria in the child's diagnosis and therapy holds pediatrician. The fight against the bacterial infection is carried out with the help of antibiotics.

Rarely can do without them when symptoms of disease have been detected in the early stages of its development, and timely action taken. Accelerate the healing process will also help the recipes of traditional medicine, unless there are serious contraindications.

Treatment is carried out in a complex, the basis of it - this medication:

drug Group	Title	The use and effectiveness
antibiotics	"Tetracycline", "Rifamycin"	The drugs inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms, and destroy disease-causing bacteria. Babies administered 25-50 mg / kg every 6 hours.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	"Nurofen", "Ibuprofen", "Diclofenac"	Drugs reduce the inflammatory process and have a bactericidal effect. Children dosage depends on the age, 2,5-15 mL of 3 r. per day.
Funds for the restoration of water-salt balance	"Regidron"	It eliminates the symptoms of acute intoxication. Sachet diluted in 1 liter of liquid and provide the child for 24 hours.

It is also recommended to adhere to proper diet, eat more foods with vitamins. Refuse from fried, oily and spicy food. Observe good personal hygiene, and strengthen the immune system.

The first symptoms of bacterial infection in children - it is a reason for immediate treatment to the doctor. The disease can be dangerous for children's health and lead to serious complications. With timely treatment the prognosis is favorable, but the drug selects only pediatrician.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of the bacterial infection in children

How to distinguish viral from bacterial infection: