Swollen lymph nodes in the neck of a child by an adult. Photo, causes, how to cure, if enlarged, sore, swollen. Ultrasound diagnosis and removal

Inflammation cervical lymph nodes called experts as lymphadenopathy (with secondary inflammatory reaction) or lymphadenitis (when infected organ). A similar phenomenon occurs under the influence of negative processes in the human body and is often self anomaly.

Types and functions of the lymph nodes in the neck

Specialists identified several categories of lymph nodes. They differ in the location and the functions they perform.

The categories of the lymphatic system and their functions:

1. Jugular. Location - the front part of the neck. Isolated superficial and deep lymph nodes. Responsible for protecting the rear wall of the nasopharynx, tonsil, and thyroid. Lymph nodes, which are located deep in the presence of an inflammatory process, can not be palpated.
2. Zadnesheynye. Located at the rear plane of the neck and head. Responsive to abnormal processes of the cerebral cortex and bronchi.
3. Almond. Are located under the lower jaw. Responsible for tonsils and the back wall of the throat.
4. Mandibular. Located on the perimeter of the lower jaw. Responsible for the condition of the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and the inner ear.
5. BTE. They are located directly behind the ear. Responsible for the parietal and occipital region.
6. Submental. Placed under the chin. Are responsible for the condition of the oral cavity and tissues nearby.
7. Supraclavicular. Localized at the base of the neck under the clavicle. Are responsible for the condition of the lower respiratory tract, heart, and esophagus.

Lymph nodes, located in the neck, lymph filtered from pathological cells and antigens and amplify the body's defense. With the accumulation of excessive numbers of abnormal components, lymph nodes vary in size and become the active working phase.

The causes of inflammation of lymph nodes in the neck

Changes in the structure of the lymph nodes - anomalous reflection process in nearby organs. In rare cases, the inflammatory process begins under the influence of pathological microorganisms penetrated through the damaged skin or mucosa directly into the lymph node.

The main factors that trigger pathological processes:

• acute respiratory viral infections and influenza;
• ENT disease;
• sexually transmitted infections;
• viral, bacterial or fungal diseases;
• parasitic infestation;
• oncologic process in the lymphatic system;
• pathology of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
• mechanical trauma to the lymph node;
• disruption of the immune system.

Also, the state of the considered bodies may impair thyroid disease, allergic reactions, or metabolic disorders.

The causes of inflammation of lymph nodes in the neck from behind

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck from behind - the reaction of the human organism to abnormal processes of infectious origin. Children's body reacts changes in lymph node size to ported, in recent times, the viral disease.

Other causes of abnormal process:

• excessive use of alcohol or drugs;
• presence of cancer;
• malfunction of the immune system;
• thyroid disease;
• abnormal processes in the throat;
• abnormal blood condition;
• parasites;
• SLE;
• rubella;
• tuberculosis;
• Toxoplasma infection.

A temporary increase in the lymph nodes indicates the infiltration of pathological microorganisms through the skin.

Factors that trigger inflammation of submandibular lymph

Lymph nodes, which are located under the jaw, inflamed under the influence:

1. Infectious diseases. Pathogens - streptococcus or staphylococcus. Diseases: tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, tonsillitis.
2. Immune disorders. Diseases: AIDS, systemic lupus, HIV, leukemia.
3. Dental pathologies. Cavities and other pathological processes in the oral cavity - a source of infection, provoking a reaction of the lymphatic system.
4. Toxoplasmosis. Infectious disease caused by microorganisms in raw meat and animal feces.
5. Viral diseases. Chickenpox and measles lead to overall system disorders, inflammatory response provoking the lymph nodes.
6. Cancer tumors. Cancer cells, penetrate into lymphatic system, may provoke an increase in the lymph nodes, leads to the formation of metastases.

Lymph nodes can become inflamed in the presence of infected wounds on the head or face, near the examined organs. In children, an abnormal process in the lymph nodes located under the jaw may occur during teething.

The causes of inflammation of lymph nodes in the neck behind the ear

Inflammation of the lymph nodes, which are located behind the ears, occurs under the influence of such anomalies, such as:

• inflammation in the ear;
• tubo-otitis,
• neuritis,
• furuncle external ear;
• carious lesions of teeth,
• lateral abscess,
• tonsillitis,
• inflammation of the pharynx,
• inflammation of the salivary glands.

BTE inflamed lymph nodes with colds and acute respiratory disease, but may respond to common infectious or viral diseases, e.g., measles or mumps. Inflamed lymph node can directly and in the presence of a pathological process in the lymph node.

Symptoms of inflammation of the lymph nodes

Inflammation in the lymph nodes in the neck appears:

• changes in body temperature;
• uncomfortable sensations in the body involved in the abnormal process;
• general weakness and symptoms of intoxication;
• changing the shape and size of lymph nodes;
• swelling of the surrounding tissue.

Symptoms anomalies may occur either separately or simultaneously, depending on the cause and severity of the pathology of inflammatory process.

In chronic course of the disease, lymph node cells are replaced by connective tissue occurs violation of lymphatic drainage, whereby, in the region affected organ is a strong swelling of the tissues. Grows connective tissue leads to the formation of elephantiasis.

When sexually transmitted infections observed alternately increase some or all of the lymph nodes in the area under consideration. Tuberculosis provokes inflammation of multiple lymph nodes on one side.

The dangerous inflammation?

Cervical lymph nodes are located close to the cerebral cortex. With long-term inflammation, lesion volume can be increased and go to the brain, resulting in meningitis may develop.

Purulent lesion organs of the lymphatic system leads to a general intoxication of the organism. Pathogens enter the blood stream, leading to sepsis. The lack of timely assistance can be fatal.

Diagnosing diseases accompanied by inflammation of lymph nodes

Diagnostic measures may vary depending on the symptomatic manifestations.

Basic principles of diagnosis:

1. Anamnesis.
2. Palpation affected lymph nodes, liver and spleen.
3. The study of blood and urine. Analyzes allow to identify elevated levels of white blood cells (indicative of inflammation in the human body), neutrophils (Increased in the presence of pathogens of bacterial infections) and monocytes (evidenced by the presence of fungal and venereal diseases).
4. Fence diseased tissue material for analysis. The procedure eliminates the malignant process.
5. Conducting Ultrasound, radiological or magnetic resonance diagnostics. Diagnostic methods allow to evaluate the structure of the lymph nodes and to identify the presence of inflammation, suppuration or other abnormal process.
6. Lymphoscintigraphy. The procedure allows through the introduction of a special material, to determine the state of the lymphatic system, including lymph flow.
7. Mantoux test. Reveals the presence of tuberculosis.
8. Blood test for human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS.

When inflammation of one or a group of the cervical lymph nodes performed palpation and assessment of all the remaining lymph nodes available for diagnosis. For suspected cancer or other serious diseases, additional types of research can be assigned. In children, the first thing eliminated allergy manifested angioedema.

How to treat swollen lymph nodes in the home?

If enlarged lymph nodes is the result of reactions to the transferred pathological conditions and asymptomatic, the treatment is not necessary. In the primary inflammation of the lymph nodes, where the infection entered directly into the body, the treatment should be implemented immediately.

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck can be cured:

• traditional methods;
• antibacterial agents;
• medicines antiviral action.

Note! Therapy, without ascertaining the causes, can lead to severe complications, including death. For an effective treatment, you must first visit a specialist.

In the course of therapy should be protected from sudden temperature changes and drafts, to comply with bed rest and stick to gentle diet with reduced carbohydrate content.

anti-inflammatory drugs

When the viral nature of inflammation, experts recommend intake of antiviral drugs with immunomodulatory effects.

These tools include:

• "Arbidol";
• "Kagocel";
• "Amiksin";
• "TSikloferon";
• "Rimantadine";
• "Isoprinosine";
• "Groprinosin".

Dosage and duration of reception determined by the attending physician.

Pills

In severe inflammation as part of combined therapy can be employed Tablets containing a material, the composition similar to adrenal hormones.

These pharmacological agents are as follows:

• "Prednisolone";
• "Hydrocortisone";
• "Dexamethasone".

Note! Medications have a large list of contraindications and adverse reactions.

ointments

To conduct a comprehensive treatment applied as oral or external means.

Ointments and action exerted
Name	Description
"Heparin ointment"	It improves blood circulation and inhibits the inflammatory response and prevents stagnation lymph.
"Vishnevsky ointment"	Has an antibacterial effect, eliminates the inflammatory response of the body and pulls pus formation.
"Ihtiolovaya ointment"	Reduces inflammation and has antibacterial action.
"Ketoprofen"	It has analgesic, anti-edema and anti-inflammatory action.

To the affected area is necessary to apply a gauze bandage covered drug.

antibiotics

Antibacterial drugs aimed at the destruction of bacterial agents that provoke inflammation of the lymphatic system. Since the vast majority of cases, the abnormal process in the lymph nodes caused by streptococci or staphylococci, are used for the treatment of a broad spectrum antibiotic, or aminopetsilliny cephalosporins.

are the most effective means:

• "Amoxicillin";
• "Ampicillin";
• "Ciprofloxacin".

When selecting the pharmaceutical preparation, taking into account the susceptibility of microorganisms, can be administered gramicidin. The dosage of medicines appoint an expert. The duration of antibiotic therapy for 1-2 weeks.

injections

For the treatment of inflammation in the lymph nodes, can be used as antibacterial drugs injection. Such a method of application of medicaments is preferable, because it has a rapid action and has no negative effects on the digestive system.

Important! It is forbidden to use injectable pharmacological agent for disorders of the urinary system. As an injection of the antibiotic applied "ceftriaxone" as it has a wide range of actions.

Pharmacy solutions for lotions

Compresses on the basis of pharmacological agents to solve a problem quickly. The most effective is the anti-inflammatory "Dimexidum" solution for external use.

For manufacturing a compress, the medicament must dissolve in water, 5 ml "Dimexidum" 15 ml of pure water at room temperature. The final solution should be applied to gauze, and applied to the affected area. Over the need to put a compress plastic wrap. For best results, the neck should wrap a scarf or a warm scarf.

Therapeutic procedure takes from 2 to 4 hours. Interaction "Dimexidum" with the skin more than 4 hours may result in chemical burns.

High efficiency in the treatment of inflammation in the lymph nodes has alcoholate Echinacea. The drug must be diluted with pure water in a ratio of 1: 2. The resulting solution should be applied to gauze and applied to the affected area for 10-12 hours.

recipes compresses

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck can be treated with compresses homemade.

They are the most effective:

1. Onion poultice. The crude bulb must be baked in the oven, after which it separated from the rind and flesh minced blender until smooth. The resulting onion mush need to add 1 tbsp. l. tar pharmacy. Ready means should be allocated on a sterile dressing and apply on the affected area. The procedure should be performed 20 minutes every 3 h.
2. Herbal Compress. The ceramic or plastic containers need to pour boiling water leaves nuts, mistletoe and motherboard. When the water has cooled down a bit, it should be drained and warm herbs to attach to the lymph nodes.
3. Compress technical rosin. For the preparation of a medicament is necessary to melt the pan and fried in vegetable oil rosin, then add to it grated onion and Business oil. The resulting mixture should be applied to gauze and applied to disturbing section.
4. Cottage cheese wrap. The cooled cheese must be wrapped in several layers of cheesecloth and attach to harassing site. The treatment improves blood flow, reduces inflammation and eliminates unpleasant symptoms.
5. Vinegar compress. Vinegar essence required diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1, after which the mixture should be warmed to room temperature. The acetic solution be wetted cheesecloth and 10 min. to apply to the affected area. The procedure is recommended in combination with other methods, as it only suppresses unpleasant symptomatic manifestations.
6. Compress with essential oils. It should make a mixture of a few drops of peppermint oil, rosemary, cypress and lemongrass. 2 drops of the resulting mixture should be dissolved in a liter of warm water. The finished solution is recommended to apply for the imposition of medical compresses. Duration of treatment - 15 minutes.

Means cooked at home, can trigger allergic reactions. Important! It is not recommended to apply a hot compress, as they aggravate the inflammatory response, and in the presence of festering, promote the penetration of pus in the surrounding tissue.

possible complications

If left untreated, normal inflammation becomes purulent, which entails a drastic deterioration of the human condition. Of the lymph node, the pus can burst into surrounding tissues, causing irregular heartbeat, fever, and severe intoxication.

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck without timely treatment can be accompanied by:

• form fistulae and infiltrates;
• thrombophlebitis;
• mediastinitis;
• breakthrough purulent discharge into the surrounding tissue with the formation of fistulas in the internal organs.

Most surgically possible to eliminate complications.

prevention

To prevent inflammation in the lymphatic system, it should be timely to conduct therapy of existing diseases and prevent them from occurring. To maintain the body should abandon bad habits and to undertake activities aimed at strengthening the immune system.

That the infection did not penetrate into the body through open wounds and scratches, they should be immediately disinfected. In the presence of deep wounds, necessary to impose a sterile bandage, and if necessary to see a doctor for medical care.

To prevent inflammation, requires a systematic dental visit a doctor to eliminate all foci of infection in the oral cavity.

Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck may be asymptomatic, but this does not indicate that there is no need to visit a specialist. Timely therapy gives a result within 1 week, a severe form of the disease - requires surgery.

Video of inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck and how to eliminate

5 ways to treat inflammation:

The causes of inflammation of lymph nodes: