Atopic dermatitis in children. The reasons, as well as than to treat, if all else fails. Aggravation of the face, the cheeks, the pope, head, legs, arm, neck, lips, eyelids, groin. Is there a cure for all folk remedies. Food, menu

Doctors are seeing an increase of allergic diseases, which are manifested at an early age. The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is the most common in the child at an early age. To effectively combat it necessary for parents to study the problem and how to solve it. In the future it will provide your child a full and healthy life.

What is it - atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis in children - is a specific response of the immune system caused by genetically, Trapped in the body to substances called allergens. The disease manifests as a rash, turning into an inflammatory process in different areas of the skin. Often such manifestation called diathesis.

The child manifestation of atopic dermatitis is a sign of inner tolerance of various substances by the body. The disease makes itself felt after allergen accumulate in sufficient quantities, which leads to a rapid development of the disease.

Probable, and other manifestations of atopic dermatitis, these include:

• runny nose;
• food allergies;
• conjunctivitis.

At the first sign of the disease access to a doctor is a must.

The causes of atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a child to a greater extent arises from the genetic predisposition. Dermatitis and allergy is not the same concept.

If in the first case, the probability of overcoming the disease as they grow high, the allergy occurs once and accompanies human life. Moreover, atopic dermatitis can not cause one particular allergen, and a whole range of them.

Modern medicine has identified several factors that are the impetus for the development of the disease:

• Food allergies in children can be triggered both in breastfed and bottle-fed. In the first case, atopic dermatitis can be observed when using mother product provoking pathology. In artificial feeding lesions arise due to non-compliance of the mixture or hygiene when washing dishes. The problem may occur in the period of weaning. Quite often there are reactions on the part of the child's body in the citrus and confectionery, especially chocolate.
• Predisposition to this kind of dermatitis in a child can contribute to severe pregnancy, namely, exacerbation of chronic diseases, the development of intrauterine infections and any other pathologies that result in threat miscarriage.
• There are cases when the child's atopy occurs in conjunction with other problems of the digestive system: dysbacteriosis, enterocolitis, gastritis, worm infestation. This list can be extended disease, affects the immune system, especially here should include bacterial infections.

Atopic dermatitis allergens provoke domestic origin. Accumulate in the body of the child, they cause damage various areas of skin.

These provocateurs include:

• household and industrial particles of dust;
• pollen during flowering-plant allergens;
• home beetles parasites;
• means for cleaning the house;
• chlorine-containing drugs;
• odor improvers air;
• funds for child care;
• diapers;
• medications.

It is impossible to talk about one single factor, which is the source of dermatitis in children. In addition, once emerged atopy can make itself felt in the future.

It can affect:

• Psycho-emotional and neurological overstimulation. Stress and strain provoke the appearance of atopic rash.
• Smoking in the presence of a small child, especially an infant, causing skin problems including dermatitis.
• Unfavorable environment and external factors that weaken the body's defensive abilities.
• Climatic variations and changes.
• Excessive exercise.

Atopic dermatitis in the child necessarily need to be treated at the first sign of the disease. Treatment of advanced forms of the disease will be more time-consuming and costly, besides all this time dermatitis will cause the child discomfort.

What are the symptoms of atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis, recognized in time - the key to successful treatment. The disease has the features which are often localized in separate areas of the skin.

The main symptoms or clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis in a child are:

• intense itching, worse at night;
• redness at the site of scratching;
• dryness, peeling, and skin rashes;
• oozing lesions;
• crusting lesions and rashes in places;
• cracking and enhancing pattern on the skin lesions;
• the appearance of rough patches and scaly flakes;
• education pustular rash on the skin;
• the emergence of a diathesis.

The appearance of pathologies of the skin is accompanied by internal discomfort.

Itching deprives the child full of sleep, in the end he becomes whiny and restless. Constant nervous stress suppresses the appetite, which can lead to weight loss. But atopic dermatitis manifests itself in every age differently and the disease and its manifestations, depending on the different diseases.

Types of atopic dermatitis

To select the appropriate treatment of atopic dermatitis in the child's need for a comprehensive analysis of the disease.

It is important to correctly identify:

• phase of the disease;
• the degree of skin lesions;
• age, since at different age intervals the disease manifests itself in different ways;
• the severity of the pathology.

Each of these characteristics are equally important. In the diagnosis of doctors isolated phase of the disease from which the degree of damage depends on the baby's skin surface.

The degree of damage of the skin varies according to the following categories:

• Narrow portion lesion characterized by 5% of the total area of ​​the entire skin.
• With the localization of the area up to 25% accepted to diagnose common lesions.
• Diffuse changes are characterized by numerous skin injuries.

Depending on the age of the child is isolated:

• infant atopic dermatitis observed in children up to 2 years;
• childhood atopy, which is observed through adolescence;
• adolescence dermatitis, which can deliver concern to adulthood.

The severity of disease is determined based on the general condition of the child:

• easy for characterized by mild itching, slight swelling and dryness of the skin. The disease can be easily controlled. remission periods are long.
• The average severity disease characterized by the appearance of rash on large area of ​​the skin, itch and the presence of cracks crust which formed at the opening rash bubbles. The general condition of the child is getting worse, and the likelihood of additional bacterial skin lesions increases.
• severe - the most painful for the child. Itching, sores, crusting and other clinical manifestations observed in the entire surface of the skin, and nervous stress makes children particularly capricious.

Atopic dermatitis in children - a disease that is largely seen in children that causes doctors to pay particularly close attention to the child's age. In the future, the choice of treatment for this indicator is crucial.

The nature of the symptoms of the disease depending on age

In the detection and diagnosis of the child in cases of suspected atopic dermatitis, doctors are guided by the child's age, which often causes the location and manifestations on the skin.

Age of the child	Localization	clinical manifestations
Infancy includes a period of up to two years of life	Lesions become the face, extremities folds, sometimes scalp, buttocks, all the body	The inflammatory process observed in the form of redness and oozing lesions
Children's period includes the age range from 2 years to 12	Eruptions occur primarily on the skin in the neck, the hands and folds of the extremities	Eruptions like nodules or vesicles. On the surface cracks, peel, flake. There is dryness of the skin and its unevenness, seal areas. The rash is accompanied by severe itching
Teenage atopic dermatitis occurs at puberty, ie from 12 to 18 years	The rash affects a large area of ​​the body and is observed in the neck, on the elbow fossa, wrist. Particularly strong manifestations observed on the surface of the skin of the face and neck	The skin on the affected area thickens and unbearable itching leads to loss of sleep and increased nervousness

Atopic dermatitis most often manifests in the child as a response of the body to the product with high allergic potential, no matter in what age he manifested.

The children in the early stages of life is explained by poorly formed gastrointestinal tract. In other cases, atopic dermatitis is transformed into an allergy, which will accompany a person all his life.

atopic dermatitis development stage

The development of atopic dermatitis in the child gradually. First of all the allergen enters the body baby. Only after its concentration reaches a certain level, we can observe the visual manifestations of the disease.

Physicians isolated step atopic dermatitis:

• The initial stage is characterized by minor manifestations of the disease. They are often confused with other diseases, as there is a slight increase in temperature.
• Acute stage atopy characterized by the development of basic and associated manifestations of the disease.
• In the transition to a chronic phase observed redness and puffiness of the foot, peeling and cracked on the skin, deep wrinkles in large numbers on the lower eyelids in children and thinning hair on nape.
• Period subsided or remission of the disease is characterized by partial or complete absence of atopy symptoms and improve the general condition of the child.
• The disease is clinically considered to be defeated if its symptoms do not manifest themselves in a period of 3 to 7 years.

With timely recourse for diagnosis increases the likelihood that the disease is brought under control.

Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis in a child diagnosed comprehensively.

When the diagnosis is carried out the following activities:

• Visual examination of the child to determine the presence of overt clinical manifestations of the disease.
• Questionnaires and conversation with parents will identify the period of the first symptoms, predisposition and causes of disease.
• After the primary measures doctor will prescribe the required complex laboratory tests.

Laboratory studies necessary for the final diagnosis and to identify the causes of atopic dermatitis.

For such studies include:

• blood tests for IgE;
• CBC - will determine the increased immune system response to an allergen;
• Immunogram designed to determine the state of immunity, particularly why the reaction occurs in the form of atopic dermatitis;
• Biochemical analysis of blood, general analysis of urine and stool analysis to help determine the overall condition of the organism and to exclude or confirm the pathology of a different nature;
• A blood test for HIV is necessary due to the fact that dermatitis and rash AIDS are often similar.

Additionally, it may be assigned a scraping from the skin surface. If after treatment dermatitis is observed clinical recovery after 4 years, recommended additional research to allergens. Such a comprehensive approach to the treatment of atopy in a child guarantees the choice of an appropriate treatment regimen.

When hospitalization is necessary

After diagnosis the physician selects the appropriate treatment, which is carried out at home. However, in severe cases, hospitalization is recommended. Severe clinical manifestations of the child deprived of a full sleep.

This leads to nervousness, tearfulness and refusal of food. Modern medicine is able to offer a wide range of drugs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis is not only in the hospital, but also at home.

Treatment of medical drugs

The selection of drugs, regardless of the conditions of their admission, should be engaged in highly skilled. Make their own decisions and risk the health of your baby is not recommended under any circumstances. Treatment often complex.

Depending on the severity and stage of disease is assigned ingestion of medicines contained in the table below:

Phase of atopic dermatitis	use of the drug	representatives
The acute phase	Drugs that have anti-allergic effect	suprastin; tavegil; Fenistil (the most convenient form of release of the drug for use in children).
Drugs that neutralize inflammation	methylprednisolone; Hydrocortisone.
phase remission	Drugs, supports the immune system	viferon; Aflubin and immunoglobulins.
Formulations strengthen cell walls	Nalkrom; ketotifen
Remission	specific immunotherapy	Cyclosporine A.

Special creams and ointments for topical application:

Name	release Form	Mode of application
skin cap	spray can; cream,	Means a certain way, depending on the release form, distributed over the skin surface with a thin layer. Duration of treatment - up to 3 weeks, the recommended age - 12 months.
Advantan	ointment; cream; emulsion	Means is recommended to connect with baby cream and rub into the affected area. The drug is administered from an early age, duration of treatment - no more than 4 weeks.
triderm	ointment; cream	Remedy rubbed into the affected area and around 2 times a day, but no more than 4 weeks.
fenistil	gel; emulsion;	The drug is distributed in the affected area until completely absorbed up to 3 times a day.
Lokoyd	cream; ointment	Apply a thin layer to the affected area until full recovery.

Traditional methods of treatment

Along with the traditional medicine are used extensively and popular treatments. Resorting to them only recommended if the child is older than 3 years.

Despite the efficacy demonstrated by folk remedies, ignore the examination and doctor's recommendation not It follows that part of the more popular methods of doctors recommend treatment as complementary primary treatment therapy.

Trusted and popular tools such as:

• Grass Hypericum ointment for external application;
• a mixture of honey and Kalanchoe;
• potato juice in the form of lotions;
• infusion or decoction from the flowers of chamomile (recommended to add water when taking a bath child);
• oak bark in the form of broth - successfully reduces inflammation on the skin surface;
• decoction of the leaves of succession;
• weak solution of manganese
• oil from flax seed;
• solution of potassium permanganate.

Most of the funds is decoctions and solutions that relieve irritation and inflammation. For moisturizing the skin and relieving itching more suitable oils, ointments and lotions.

Diet

To overcome the disease without dieting, especially in periods of exacerbation, it is impossible. Given that most of the problem was triggered by food, it must become strict control over what a child eats. If the baby is breastfed, then the same must comply with the recommendations of the mother.

Foods with a high index of allergenic include:

• all citrus fruits;
• fruits and berries with red color, including apples;
• nuts and honey;
• large amounts of sugar and salt in the diet;
• fatty, spicy and smoked food.

If a child is bottle-fed, atopy can occur with lactose intolerance. In this case it is necessary to replace the mixture was produced on the basis of milk or goat's milk with a vegetable protein. Introduce solid foods is also important to correctly - for one product in a few days.

It is very important to monitor and observe how the child reacts to innovation.

Allergy to dust or pollen completely restrict access to the allergen into the body does not work. The only way it becomes a change of place of residence during periods of acute illness and careful care of the house dust neutralization. In cases of allergy to household chemicals, cosmetics and diapers need to be replaced and the selection of a suitable cleaning products and products for baby care products.

Physiotherapy

In the treatment of atopic dermatitis in the child's doctors prescribe physiotherapy. They should be carried out under the strict supervision of a specialist.

By the procedures recommended for children include:

• superimposition of special bandages on the damaged areas;
• ultraviolet irradiation under special lamp;
• paraffin.

They also include water treatment, carried out with the use of traditional medicine. Lasting results and gives a spa treatment, which is carried out in a complex with a choice of the most suitable conditions of living in the period of treatment. Most often the result of this therapy long observed.

Is there a cure for all

The disease is considered chronic. However, if the necessary measures are taken in advance, then the likelihood of lifelong remission is very high.

For curative measures include activities such as:

• complete a comprehensive examination;
• correct treatment;
• adherence to doctor's instructions;
• diet, particularly during periods of exacerbations;
• hygiene at home, which will eliminate the dust and pollen during flowering.

Later symptoms of the disease will manifest itself less or completely recede.

Features skin care

In the event of atopic dermatitis at an early age is important to pay special attention to skin care of the child. Body baby is still weak, and it reacts in unexpected ways to minor impacts. It is important to observe good personal hygiene, and following the recommendations of a pediatrician, bathe the child in the broth of herbs, whose action is aimed at the removal of inflammation.

Do not get involved with shampoos, soaps and wipes. Even when there is an indication gippoalergennost, they can not approach a particular child.

By choosing diapers for young children also should be treated carefully. If the manufacturer recommends to change them every 4 hours, you can not ignore this requirement, even if there is not enough fluid. If you detect any lesions on the tender skin of the baby to see a doctor and replace the hygienic means.

Despite the rise in the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children, by parents incorrectly restrict the child from potential allergens, ensuring complete sterility. The result is a weak immune system that has not received the necessary training in the period of formation.

Video of atopic dermatitis in children, its causes and treatments

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