Pharyngitis in children. Throat symptoms and treatment at home with temperature, folk remedies, to treat protracted steps, prophylaxis. Komorowski

Pharyngitis is called inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa in children. Information about the reasons for its occurrence, symptoms, methods of treatment will help parents thoroughly understand all the nuances and quickly deal with the problem.

Causes of pharyngitis in children

In 70% of children are the cause of pharyngitis, viral diseases (ODS, influenza, adenoviruses).

The remaining 30% is:

• Bacterial infections caused by streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, fungi Candida;
• allergy - inhalation of toxins, dust, tobacco smoke;
• weakened immunity;
• presence of gastrointestinal pathologies, dental problems, metabolic disorder;
• pharyngeal injury;
• acute irritation of the throat, sour, hot or cold food, drink;
• breathing cold air;
• physiological abnormalities throat structure.

types of pharyngitis

The table below shows the main types of pharyngitis.

Classification	Kinds
in character development	acute, chronic
by localization	upper (nasopharynx), medium (oropharynx), lower (hypopharynx)
sharp (because of)	viral, allergic, bacterial, fungal, traumatic
chronic (development stages)	catarrhal, hypertrophic, atrophic, mixed

symptoms

The main symptoms of the pathology are:

• pain;
• redness of the throat;
• scratchy;
• dryness;
• discomfort when swallowing;
• increase the tongue.

Often acute form accompanied by the presence of heat (up to 38 ^°C), dry cough, shortness of breath. There sky swelling, distal pharynx, increase morbidity of lymph nodes. Soreness is able to be transmitted to the ears.

Signs regardless of cause

symptoms characteristic of viral pharyngitis mentioned above. In chronic course of his lack of high temperature, but the discomfort delivers mucus in the back of the throat, which must constantly swallow. It notes dry, persistent cough. This form of the disease often acts as a consequence of gastrointestinal pathologies.

With the development of pharyngitis from the effects of allergens observed:

• siplost voice due to edema of the vocal cords;
• nasal congestion;
• dry cough (seizures);
• labored breathing.

Chronic administration of vasoconstrictive drugs marked difficulty in breathing, coughing constant, wheezing. Atrophic form is accompanied by thinning of the mucosa, which is covered with viscous mucus crust. My throat felt the presence of a lump, tickling.

The cause of the pathology are:

• sinusitis;
• rhinitis;
• consumption of alcohol;
• smoking;
• constant inhalation of toxic substances.

Bacterial and fungal pharyngitis developed under the influence of bacteria, fungal organisms.

Is shown as a result of long antibiotics and hormonal preparations characteristic features are:

• White cheesy plaque on the mucosa of palate and pharynx.
• Intoxication.
• A small sore throat that increases with swallowing.
• Swelling of the mucous membrane of the throat.

Features of symptoms in young children

Pharyngitis is rarely seen as an independent disease. He often appears in viral pathologies of the upper respiratory tract.

Parents should alert the following symptoms:

• redness, inflammation of the larynx;
• Surface dry cough;
• chills;
• loss of appetite or refusal of food;
• a sharp rise in temperature to 39 ^°FROM;
• sleep disturbance;
• weakness (lethargy, weakening);
• increased salivation;
• nausea and sometimes vomiting.

In infants, in addition to the body may appear a fine red rash.

diagnosis of the disease

Pharyngitis in children, symptoms and treatment is properly installed, will not go into the chronic stage. The disease is diagnosed through examination of the mouth and pharynx Lorom. Also, the doctor conducts a survey on patient complaints.

If necessary pharyngoscope executed (visual inspection and investigation throat mucous membranes). To determine the source of agent taken from the mucous smear on bacteriological or viral study, sometimes gives up blood test for antibodies.

pharyngitis Treatment with temperature

The presence of fever indicates an acute form of the disease.

When choosing a treatment should be guided by how long does the temperature and what indicators:

1. At temperatures up to 38 ^°FROM it is not recommended to shoot down antipyretics. So the body itself produces interferon to suppress infections. The child should drink plenty of warm fluids to prevent dehydration. It is possible to carry out wiping with water at room temperature to give ascorbic acid. When a fever is recommended to hide the patient with a warm blanket.
2. If the temperatures rise above 38.5 ^°FROMIt is recommended to take an antipyretic agent. The child is given a large amount of liquid, maximum bare to enhance heat transfer. If medications are not effective, you must go to the hospital or call an ambulance.

In the normal course of the disease it passes through the temperature 2-3 days. If high levels are kept longer, then we are talking about joining a bacterial infection. Further treatment is carried out with the use of antibiotics.

At the same time when dealing with the heat necessary to carry out comprehensive treatment and relief of sore throat symptoms. It is the adoption of anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antihistamines.

Therapy protracted form of the disease

Treatment prolonged sore throat outpatient under the supervision of an otolaryngologist.

To implement the required following recommendations:

• Excluding all irritable factors - smoking, inhalation of toxins and dust.
• Treatment of concomitant diseases.
• A systemic antibiotic therapy in exacerbations.
• Gargling with at least 6 times a decoction of herbs, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic solutions.
• The use of aerosols, pellets for resorption.
• Exclusion from acute menu, sour, hot, cold food and drinks.
• Drink plenty of fluids (to 2 liters per day).
• In the room with the infected child to carry out frequent wet cleaning, to keep the air moisture level of 50-70%.
• If possible, talk less.

In the absence of temperature can be carried out hot foot bath, put compresses and ointment to warm the neck.

Features of treatment of pharyngitis granulosa

Pharyngitis granulosa in children is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes of the throat, in which the lymphoid tissue is collected in a bright red beads. According to the collected history and examination of the patient Laure appoints comprehensive treatment for removal of existing signs. If necessary, smear of mucous surrenders to identify the cause of the disease.

Treatment may be inpatient or outpatient (at the recommendation of the therapist).

It is:

• Medication local effects (aerosols, troches) for removing mucosal inflammation.
• Frequent gargling isotonic sodium chloride solution (1%), soda or iodine (5%).
• Performing inhalations based on essential oils of lavender, eucalyptus, pine or sage for wetting and antiseptic treatment of mucous. You can use a nebulizer.
• Conducting outpatient procedures - moxibustion pellet preparations with an iodine, Protargolum, chromium or trichloroacetic acid.
• Vitamin to enhance immunity.
• Observing a special diet.

In severe atrophy of the mucosal tissues of the throat held cryotherapy, laser removal of granules or radio wave exposure, depending on the doctor's recommendations. When properly conducted by the treatment of the disease regresses in 14-20 weeks. If no improvement occurs within 2 weeks of required penicillin antibiotic therapy.

The specifics of therapy for atrophic pharyngitis

Atrophic pharyngitis is the last stage of the chronic form of the disease. When it is observed drying laryngeal mucosa, decreasing swallowing reflex thickening saliva. Besides inspection Laura require giving blood biochemistry.

Laure may appoint additional tests to determine the cause of the disease. If pharyngitis developed against the background of other diseases, you need to take their medication. The next step is a topical treatment of mucous membrane of the throat.

It involves several steps:

1. Purification of the mucosa by rinsing crusts sputum sodium chloride solution (1%) or seawater. Effective inhalation solutions and karbometiltsisteina acetylcysteine ​​to liquefy the phlegm. If necessary, the wall of the pharynx is purified cotton-gauze moistened with an alkaline solution.
2. Physiotherapy for activating the mucous is carried out by means of UV irradiation, UHF and laser action.
3. Application of the drug on the mucosa. This may be a "Solkoseril-gel", "Kartarin" sea buckthorn oil or extract of propolis.

It is mandatory to dietary restrictions. Recommended excessive drinking, maintaining optimum moisture content and temperature (20-22 ⁰C) room air. All these measures are aimed at reducing the recurrence of the disease and eliminate unpleasant symptoms as completely atrophic pharyngitis can not be cured.

Medications, groups and form preparations

Pharyngitis in children symptoms and treatment is specific, so allow the doctor to choose the appropriate therapy. To do this successfully apply different groups of drugs given in the table below.

product group	View	Why use
antiseptics	sprays, lozenges	stop bacterial growth, anti-inflammatory, anesthetics
antiviral	tablets, capsules, drops, syrups	destruction of viral infection
expectorants	syrups, tablets, drops, inhalants, lozenges	improves expectoration, dilution of thick mucus
Rinsing	solutions, tinctures	inflammation reduction, pain reduction
immunostimulants	tablets, drops, tinctures	increase immunity
vasoconstrictor	nasal drops	improving nasal breathing, decreased mucosal edema, reduction of nasal secretions with
antipyretics	tablets, suppositories, syrups, injections	high body temperature decrease
antibiotics	Tablets, powders, suspensions, aerosols, injections	Suppression of bacterial infection

List the names of drops for oral administration, instructions for use

Are effective drops Tonzipret and Vocara. This homeopathic medicines with anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating and tonic effect. Drops Vocara further relieve swelling pharynx. For patients of 12 years prescribed 10 drops three times a day (it takes 2-4 weeks).

When complications and severe symptoms use drops every 30-60 min., But not more than 8 times per day.

At the age of 1 to 12 years give 1 drop per year of age (no more than 7) 3 times a day. Tonzipret possesses analgesic effect. Children 1-5 years no more than 5-10 drops 6 times a day. For ages 6-11 years - a maximum of 5-10 drops 8 times a day. For adults and children over 12 years - 5-10 drops in 30-60 minutes. (But not more than 12 times per day).

Spray irrigation throat

If any form of pharyngitis as complex therapy sprays used for irrigation. They contain antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and softening ingredients. This form of the drug is applied directly to the throat mucosa, providing an instant effect.

As a good antiseptic proven:

• Tantum Verde.
• Lugol.
• Joks-Teva.
• Kameton.
• Ingalipt.

When severe pain in the throat with the effective use of aerosol anesthetic action:

• Septolete.
• Strepsils.
• TeraFlu Lab.

Good reduce inflammation sprays on a natural basis - Hlorofihipt, Proposol. Some aerosols contain antibiotics (Bioparox, Anginal). Before using the required medical consultation or Laura.

Solutions for gargling

Rinse solution allows you to remove mucus and pus from the mucous membrane, reduce inflammation, stop the spread of infection. Among medicinal solutions at pharyngitis used: Malavit, Rotokan, Romazuran, Iodinol, hydrogen peroxide, propolis tincture.

They are prepared by the ratio of 1 h. l. 1 Art. warm water. For children safely use solutions chlorophyllin, Chlorhexidine, Furacilinum (5 tablets crushed into powder and sugar and 1 liter of warm water for 12 hours) and saline.

Dragees for sucking

Dragees for resorption are assigned to local treatment. They contain antiseptic and additional components in the form of essential oils to relieve inflammation and pain relief. Safe for children considered Lizobakt, chlorophyllin, Sebedin, Dr. Mom.

You can use these as an effective means Septolete, Falimint, Neo-Anguilla, Adzhisept, Travisil. Dragees Strepsils, Geksaliz kill the infection, rapidly reduce inflammation due to the content of antibiotics in itself.

Traditional recipes against pharyngitis

Traditional medicines are designed to soothe and moisturize the mucous membrane, remove the sore and inflamed.

For these purposes, used several methods:

• Inhalation and rinsing spend chamomile decoction, tysyacheletnika, calendula, sweet, lime, sage, St. John's wort. Efficient inhalation with essential oils and a rinsing solution of common salt, soda, beet, garlic.
• hot compress with garlic and butter (mixed in equal proportions), camphor applied to the neck.
• ointments lay closer to the back of the throat (keep 5-10 min.). Effective means on the basis of a butter and salt, honey, carrot leaves and aloe golden whiskers.
• It is useful to drink broths, teas, infusions Medicinal plants. It helps warm milk with honey, fresh juices, fruit drinks, vegetables and fruit, alkaline mineral water without gas.

Especially child care during illness

Pharyngitis in children, symptoms and treatment of which are defined at an early stage, held in 7-14 days. Comprehensive treatment shall designate a pediatrician or ENT depending on the child's condition.

To receive the designated funds required correction mode of the day and power:

• At a temperature of lethargy and organize bed rest with ample drinking warm liquid (herbal teas, fruit drinks).
• Prohibited the use of irritating the mucous membrane of the throat of food, food should be a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables.
• We need to talk in a whisper, to exclude screaming and crying in order to avoid swelling of the vocal cords.
• If there are no contraindications - often walking in the fresh air, ventilate the room.

Treatment must include frequent inhalation. Effective use of the nebulizer and gargling (for children from 3 years).

possible complications

Not dolechenny throat can cause a number of complications.

They were isolated in two main groups:

1. local complications affect neighbors organs - ears (otitis media, labyrinthitis, evstahiit) and nose (laryngitis, tracheitis). It also includes the chronic form of the disease, the development purulent processes in the pharynx (paratonsillar and retropharyngeal abscess), lymph node disease (cervical lymphadenitis).
2. systemic disorders develop in organs distant from the larynx. Violations occur in the heart, kidneys (post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis), of the musculoskeletal system (acute articular rheumatism).

prevention

Prophylaxis of pharyngitis is to eliminate possible causes of its development. In the presence of diseases of the stomach, nose, throat, teeth and beginning of ARI or flu should seek treatment.

An important step is also the strengthening of immunity by stabbing, receiving vitamin complexes, balanced nutrition, reducing stress, avoiding harmful habits (passive smoking children).

And a few recommendations:

• maintaining the cleanliness and the necessary humidification, ventilation;
• personal hygiene, timely change toothbrushes;
• avoiding areas with polluted air (smoke, gas, toxins);
• proper rest and adherence of the day.

Advice of Dr. Komarovsky

Pharyngitis in children, symptoms and treatment of which are described above, OE Komorowski recommends treated under the supervision of a pediatrician. However, he categorically to antibiotics, if not put blood and throat swab.

Renowned pediatrician with pharyngitis advises:

• organize optimal conditions for the child - the cool air (16-18 ^°C.), frequent airing, wet cleaning, the moisture level in the range of 50-70%;
• provide plenty of drink. It allows you to keep the consistency of saliva, which is considered the best antiseptic for the throat;
• constantly irrigate nasal passages and throat with saline;
• in allergic pharyngitis only use antihistamines, remove items that collect dust (soft toys, carpets, rugs);
• at high temperature is not used wiping with alcohol and vinegar avoid intoxication limit frequent use of antipyretics, to enable the body to fight alone disease.

Pharyngitis in children with the right approach can be cured in a week. The main thing is not to self-medicate and observe all pediatric prescriptions for elimination of unpleasant symptoms.

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