Alkaline phosphatase in the blood is reduced. What does this mean for women, children, men in the analysis

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme hydrolase exhibiting the greatest degree of activity in an alkaline medium. isoenzyme level may increase or decrease depending on the shape of the pathological process.

What does the analysis on alkaline phosphatase

The study helps to identify at an early stage various deviations and disorders in the body, even in the absence of any symptoms characteristic of diseases. In most cases, diagnosis allows to evaluate the state of the liver and its tissues, bile ducts, as well as the skeletal system.

The study also helps to identify the existence of serious abnormalities in the internal organs, including congenital abnormalities and genetic mutations associated with the development of isoenzyme.

When the prescribed study

Investigation assigned indications and according to the characteristic features of pathology.

Indications for the study:

• general weakness and malaise of the body;
  
• change the color and character of urine - darkening;
• digestive disorders;
• development of neoplasms, tumor;
• bone diseases including injuries and damage to the bone;
• deforming changes in the skeletal system, including frequent fractures;
• routine inspection, prominent career in hazardous conditions;
• routine diagnosis of pregnancy.

Diagnostics can be performed when tracking and assessing the effectiveness of treatments aimed at the elimination of diseases caused by failures in the formulation of the enzyme.

norm

level indicators phosphatase isoenzymes differ depending on the age of the patient. Unit - U / l.

Among women

Beginning and ending 18 years to 25 years, normal values ​​range from 40 to 140 U / L. 25-40 years - more than 80 IU / l. For women over 45 years of normal value is 40 U / l.

Alkaline phosphatase is lowered during pregnancy. At the same figures may deviate from the established norms, depending on the gestational age. Thus, in the 1st trimester value varies between 20-90 IU / L, during the 2nd - from 40 to 130 U / l, in the 3rd - 60-240 U / l.

men

alkaline phosphatase norm for men is considered an indicator of 100 to 190 IU / L. From 18 to 45 years, the value varies between 100-120. Since 45 and 70 years, rates can increase and vary from 120 to 145 IU / L.

Older than 70 years the level of the enzyme increased to 195 U / L.

children

enzyme levels in the blood of children is much higher than people in adulthood. This phenomenon is due to various changes in the child's body, caused by the formation of immune and hormonal systems.

Age of the child	normal value
The first days after birth	to 400 IU / L, inclusive
The first days after birth (premature babies)	to 1000 U / l
From 1 year to 3 years	from 350 to 600 IU / L
From 3 to 9 years	400-700 U / L
Children aged 10-18 years	155-500 U / L

How to prepare for the study

Research and determining the level of alkaline phosphatase is carried out by collecting blood from a vein. To display the correct results, some rules of preparation must be observed.

recommendations:

• The last meal should be no later than 8-10 hours before the procedure. Permission is granted to use water without gas content.
• 24 hours before the test is necessary to give up physical activities and exercises.
  
• 2-3 days is recommended to give up drinking.
• Avoid situations that trigger the development of stress conditions.
• A few hours before the procedure is recommended to stop smoking.
• In just a few days to inform the treating specialist about the opportunity to take in this period preparations.

It should take into account the maximum period of fasting. It should not exceed 14 hours.

How does the biomaterial fence

Fence biological material is performed with a syringe. In this case blood samples can be carried out from a peripheral vein. In most cases, the needle is inserted into the cubital vein or radiation.

How to wait for the study results

Decrypting data may take from 3 to 7 days depending on the load of the laboratory. In most cases, you can get the results of the study at the end of 3 days after the procedure. In some cases, it carried out an urgent diagnostics. The results of the study of emergency can be found within a few hours.

Explanation responses analysis

Alkaline phosphatase is indicated in deciphering common abbreviation ALP.

At the end put additional letter indicating area of ​​low isoenzyme:

• I - the area of ​​the intestine.
• L - liver or kidney tissue, skeletal system.
• P - failures in the development of substances found in the placenta.

Reasons for deviations from normal performance

Alkaline phosphatase can be reduced for various reasons.

Possible diseases:

• Development of hypothyroidism - swelling of the mucous membranes, mental and physical underdevelopment.
• Heavy flow of anemia.
• Education enzimopatii gut - celiac disease.
• Anomalies in the structure of the skeletal system.

Other causes of pathology:

• The lack of vitamins in the body, particularly the B vitamins and C
• A disadvantage of mineral macro and micro elements - zinc, magnesium.
• Increased production of vitamin D.
• Decreased formation of proteins and, as a consequence, the development of dystrophy.
• Education placental insufficiency in the child-bearing.
• The beginning of menopause.
• Renal insufficiency.
• Diabetes.
• Abuse of hormone drugs containing high levels of estrogen.
• Previously transferred bypass surgery or a blood transfusion.

Among cardiovascular pathologies noted development tachycardia, congestive heart failure, high blood cholesterol and blood vessel disease.

Extremely rare cause of congenital pathology becomes gipofosfotizatsiya. The process caused by hereditary or genetic factors. State represents a high risk to the patient's life, accompanied by a malfunction in bone mineralization, breathing problems, and requires immediate treatment.

In rare cases cause low content of enzyme may be incorrect storage conditions of the patient's blood serum or incorrect display of analysis results.

The reasons for elevated alkaline phosphatase

Increasing concentrations isoenzyme can occur for various reasons, including abuse of drugs (barbiturates, sulfonamides, nicotinic acid). Increased content can also be observed in cases of poisoning liquor during childbearing.

Pathology is often develops in the course of internal diseases. Thus identify several major groups: hepatic disorders, changes in the skeletal system, other forms of diseases.

Liver disorders, disorders of the biliary ducts:

• Cirrhosis - oppression of the majority of hepatic functions, replacement of damaged scar tissue.
• Hepatitis Education - isoenzyme increased 3 times.
• The presence of tumor (cancer) - metastases move to other organs.
• Defeat cholangitis - development cases are extremely rare, it is characterized by inflammation in the tissues.
• Development biliary cirrhosis - formed pathology complications caused for cholangitis. It is noted an increase in the enzyme more than 4 times.
• Infectious form of mononucleosis - the process affects all liver tissue observed changes in blood properties.
• Stagnant processes bile - cholestasis.
• The defeat of the biliary system. The formation of stones, provoking stagnation and flow of bile.

Violations in the skeletal system:

• Development of Paget's disease. The protective and regenerative properties of bone are violated, the process leads to further degeneration of the skeletal system and inhibition of basic functions.
  
• Osteomalacia. The pathological process is characterized by softening of bone tissue. Condition complicated by significant loss of phosphoric acid. Vitamins.
• Education sarcoma - cancer cells inside the bone lesion.
• Penetration of metastatic processes in the skeletal system of the other organs.
• Reinforced metabolic functions.

Other forms of pathologies:

• Endocrine disorders provoking failures in metabolic processes and thyroid causing disturbances in calcium and phosphorus formulation - the primary form of hyperparathyroidism.
• Myocardial infarction.
• The development of peptic ulcer colitis.
• Pathological changes in bowel functions.

According to official statistics, in most cases the disease development provoke disorders caused by inhibition of the liver.

How much is a study where they spend

Cost of research depends on the medical institution performing the diagnosis. On average, prices for determining enzyme in Moscow and Moscow region vary between 300-330 rubles. In private clinics cost of the procedure can be up to 900-1500 rubles. At the same time to see the results of decoding can be on the day of the procedure.

What if alkaline phosphatase is lowered?

Alkaline phosphatase can be reduced for various reasons, based on which treatment is selected. Therapy depends on established disease, provoking lesions in the formulation of the enzyme. Therapy is aimed at addressing the main diseases.

Recommendations for treatment:

• The lack of vitamin C in the diet is necessary to add a food containing an increased amount of vitamin - citrus, black currant, onions.

  

• With the lack of development and the content in the body of B vitamins in food it is recommended to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, and also add to the diet of red meats.
• Eating cheese and cheese products make it possible to restore normal levels of the protein in the blood.
• Fill level of zinc can via fresh cheese, chicken meat and seafood products.
• Legumes, species and varieties of dark chocolate will help to restore the lack of magnesium in the body.
• Fresh greens and legumes help to regulate and improve the content of folic acid.

Adhere to this type of power is required constantly. In this case, the patient should be monitored by the attending specialist.

treatment with drugs

A reduced alkaline phosphatase can be restored using drugs. In the first place, appointed vitamin complexes.

Possible products:

• Magne B6. The capsules are used to eliminate symptoms and restoring the level of the vitamin in the body. Contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency, and in children under 6 years old. At day appointed 6-8 dragees, divided into 3 doses. Consumed during meals. The average duration of a course - 1 month.
• Folic acid. It is a stimulator of hematopoiesis. Metabolic means to restore adequate folic acid levels in the body. Contraindicated, is not administered to children under 3 years. assigned to 5 mg / day with a deficit element. The course of treatment - up to 30 days.
  
• Vitamin C. Metabolic means performs a regulatory role of redox processes, compensates for the deficiency of vitamin C in the body. Contraindication is a tendency to develop thrombosis, thrombophlebitis. Driving and duration of treatment is determined by the doctor.
• Tsinketral. The drug allows the element to fill the deficit, may be administered as part of combination therapy. Is contraindicated in children younger than 4 years old. Appoint 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day.
• Angiovit. Appointed agent of pregnancy to maintain normal homocysteine ​​levels. The drug belongs to a class of angioprotectors and combined multivitamin complexes. 1 capsule daily for 20-30 days.

With the development of diabetes used Heparin Fraksiparin. Lower vascular resistance allow drugs belonging to the group of vasodilator drugs - Trental. Before using drugs requires a mandatory consultation of the treating specialist, especially during childbearing.

Traditional recipes

Alkaline phosphatase is lowered in several major cases, in view of which selected the appropriate treatment, including methods of traditional medicine. Folk remedies are used in complex therapeutic impact. Recipes help to restore and enhance the immune strength of the body.

Traditional methods:

• Drink from the eggs and garlic. For the preparation you need to take 5 pcs. quail eggs and mix with 50 ml of yogurt. After that, the mixture was necessary to add 50 ml of garlic oil. Then everything is mixed thoroughly until homogenous. Take daily 15-20 minutes. after breakfast.
• orange tea. In equal proportions to be mixed dried orange peels and ordinary black tea. Then take 60 g of the resulting mixture and 1 liter of boiling water is poured. Then add a little orange syrup and allow to infuse for 5-7 minutes. Used instead of regular tea.
  
• berry drink. Stirred in equal parts raspberries and cranberries. Pour boiling water and allow to infuse for 30 minutes. Then add honey to taste and drink daily 100 grams
• Apple, lemon, nuts. For the preparation of meals need to take on 0.1 kg of apples, walnuts, 1 tablespoon honey and 2 pcs. lemons. Apples are peeled and ground to obtain a mush. Grind nuts in a blender and add to apple mixture. Cut the lemons and squeeze the juice. Mash thoroughly mixed. Use several times a day for 1 tablespoon daily.
• Onion. Mix chopped vegetables with sugar. Then pour a mixture of water and put on fire. You must cook for 1-1.5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and added honey. The resulting mixture must percolate through cheesecloth. Means it is recommended to take 3-4 times a day for 1 tablespoon

Before using the popular methods of treatment should consult with their physician. Perhaps the appointment and selection of individual people's money in a pharmacological complex.

complications

When left untreated pathology can lead to different outcomes and complications. Lack isoenzyme concentration can induce various disorders of the cardiovascular system, including chronic heart failure.

Zinc deficiency can lead to scurvy - tooth loss, bleeding gums.

Lack of vitamin C leads to a weakening of the immune system, reduce the body's resistance to various infections.

During pregnancy a deficit causes the development of placental insufficiency, damage to the nervous system of the fetus, or his death. Often leads to pathology of congenital abnormalities in the skeleton structure or physical deformities. Changes in the skeletal system can become a cause of irreversible deformities and degenerative diseases. With the progression of the disease leads to bone fragility.

In severe and advanced cases of pathology leads to death. Of particular concern are congenital anomalies form - gipofosfatizatsiya. Condition requires constant monitoring by the physician to monitor the dynamics of the disease.

When low blood alkaline phosphatase in order to prevent the development of complications must be timely contact a specialist and undergo an annual preventive check-ups, including biochemical research blood.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of alkaline phosphatase

Deciphering the biochemical analysis of blood: