Angina (or tonsillitis) is an infectious disease of bacterial, viral or fungal origin. The pathogen is localized in the Waldeyer's tonsillar ring, mainly in the tonsils.
The disease develops mainly to the presence of high temperature (38-40 degrees) and pronounced intoxication symptoms in both adults and children. Self-treatment is unacceptable, since it is only after the detection of the type of pathogen can pick up medications.
The content of the article:
- 1 Causes of tonsillitis
- 2 incubation period
- 3 symptoms
- 4 How long does a sore throat?
- 5 dangerous complications
- 6 General principles of treatment
- 7 Especially the treatment of various types of tonsillitis
- 8 What to take antibiotics for sore throat adults?
- 9 antivirals
- 10 Medications to eliminate the symptoms of tonsillitis
- 11 antihistamines
- 12 NSAIDs for angina
- 13 Folk remedies
- 14 Ice cream with angina
- 15 What can be done for the treatment of angina?
- 16 Useful video about flu, its symptoms and treatments
Causes of tonsillitis
The most common cause of the disease is the entry into the body through the respiratory tract and oral cavity bacteria (streptococci or staphylococci), less viruses (herpes simplex, Epstein-Barr virus or adenovirus) and fungus. Infection possible infection upon contact with the carrier, which can already be stored in the recovered patient to 3 weeks, and after the patient's related items.
At risk subject to a category of people who have:
- is absent or severely weakened immunity;
- there nervous stress or exhaustion;
- there was a strong supercooling as the entire body and legs, the throat;
- deficiency of vitamins and minerals due to improper diet or prolonged residence time on a diet;
- in the presence of chronic inflammation of the tonsils or adenoids.
Also provoking factor is living in a region with a bad environment or work in hazardous environments. The development of angina is possible without contamination from the patient if there is inflammation of the human body or difficult runs infectious nature of the disease, provided that severely weakened Immunity.
incubation period
The manifestation of the symptoms after infection of penetration into the body may occupy different time intervals (depending on the pathogen). General considered to range from 6 hours to 14 days. The duration of the incubation period, depending on the type of angina in adults.
| type of angina | The incubation period |
| Bluetongue (tonsil struck surfactant) | From 48 hours to 12 days |
| Viral | From 2 hours to 10 days |
| purulent | From 60 min to 12 hours |
| Follicular (expressed by the appearance of pus on the tonsils follicle) | From 1 day to 1 week |
| fungal | Infection with strong immunity does not cause the disease, but is present in the body. Once the immune system weakens, symptoms of angina occur. |
| bacterial | From 2 to 4 days |
In addition, the length of the incubation period depends on the following factors:
- age parameter (more common in children and the elderly);
- bad habits, especially smoking;
- state immunity;
- length of stay with a carrier of infection;
- chronic illness
Therefore, if there was contact with the patient angina recommended intake of drugs and bracing gargling antiseptic solutions at incubation period. If the infection does happen, then the disease will occur in a mild form.
symptoms
Treatment of angina in adults (drugs used to destroy the infection inside the body, and on the surface tonsils) medicamentous means is only possible after identifying the type of agent and determining the severity of disease. It is crucial to distinguish angina from colds, as the effects of tonsillitis is far more dangerous than a cold.
The features of angina:
- High temperature (39-40 degrees), which is cumbersome to knocking;
- severe pain when swallowing food, liquids, and even saliva;
- sore throat is present and at rest;
- severe aches in limbs and weakness;
- redness or swelling of tonsils with the presence of plaque on them different characteristics;
- presence of plaque on the gray surface of the tongue;
- vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain due to infection discharge toxins. This is the cause of severe headaches;
- almost complete refusal of food;
- respiratory deterioration due to the swelling of the tonsils;
- submandibular and cervical lymph nodes enlarged and painful.
Also, a characteristic feature of angina is the speed of deterioration and bad smell from the mouth.
How long does a sore throat?
Duration of the disease depends on the following factors:
- disease pathogen;
- neglect of the disease;
- the response of the organism (as immunity fights with the causative agent);
- compliance with the doctor's recommendations and the passage of a full course of medication.
The average duration of therapy takes 7-12 days. Next examined duration of treatment depending on the type of infection, subject taking medication.
| type of angina | A course of treatment |
| Bluetongue | From 3 to 5 days |
| Viral | From 4 to 7 days |
| purulent | from 10 to 14 days |
| follicular | 5 to 7 days |
| fungal | From 7 to 10 days |
| bacterial | From 7 to 14 days |
Unlike adults, children are ill with angina longer than 2-3 days.
dangerous complications
If therapy was initiated with a delay, or a course of treatment has not been observed, the sore throat can cause the development of the following complications:
- acute inflammation in okolomindalnom layer. Often it occurs abruptly after feeling better. Because of the strong swelling of tissues greatly complicates the process of swallowing, and breathing;
- loss of lymphoid tissue with inflammation of the lymph nodes;
- Tissue injury in the heart, followed by the deterioration of work of the body;
- joint pathology;
- inflammation of the lung tissue;
- lesion ear canal infection and upper respiratory tract;
- damage to the kidneys, and liver;
- inflammation of brain cells;
- violation of the nervous system.
In extreme cases, the possible contamination of blood with subsequent breach of the activities of all organs and tissues. Also, toxic shock due to poisoning toxins that are produced by the exciter during the life.
General principles of treatment
Treatment of sore throats in adults (medicine physician appointed after identifying the type of disease) occurs mainly at home in compliance with the rules of combination therapy.
The main methods of treating angina are:
- bed rest until improvement;
- dieting. The food should be soft and easily digestible (recommended broths and liquid porridge). It is required to use more fluid, especially fruit drinks, to speed up the removal of toxins from the body, as well as make up for deficiency of vitamins;
- use antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal drugs (depending on the type of agent);
- anti-inflammatory drugs, to facilitate the process of breathing and swallowing;
- antipyretic use at temperatures above 38.7 degrees;
- antihistamines to reduce the likelihood of edema viscera and prevent the development of allergic reactions to medication;
- regular gargling with antiseptic compositions;
- ventilation of the room in the morning and evening hours. Otherwise the infection will remain in the air and then into the body.
For the period of home treatment the patient must be in a separate room and have personal household items (dishes, towels, clothes) that you want to change / handle at least 2 times a day.
It is important to replace or adjust the medication treatment alone is strictly forbidden. Also, if you feel unwell, or in the absence of the dynamics of the treatment after 5 days, you need to re-examination by a specialist and adjust therapy.
Especially the treatment of various types of tonsillitis
Depending on the type of angina (pathogen) and the form of its course of therapy are the following nuances:
| View tonsillitis | Especially in the treatment of |
| catarrhal | It is a mild sore throat, because tonsils are affected surface. Deep in the infection does not penetrate the fabric. Treatment is based on bringing down the temperature, rinsing, and treatment of the throat. Antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal usually not used. |
| Viral (including herpes form) | The mainstay of treatment is the administration of antiviral drugs. Also appointed:
This form is less dangerous, because after it is rarely there are complications. |
| Bacterial (follicular, lacunar, abscess) | Treatment is based on the removal of bacteria through the use of antimicrobials. Since the disease is accompanied by very high temperatures and soreness of the throat, it requires the use of analgesics and antipyretics. Especially it is important to rinse the throat to wash out the pus from the tonsils, and may require mechanical cleaning (produced medical professional). In severe it may need to take hormonal medications. |
| Fungal | The fungal form of angina occurs only in the presence of a weakened immune system. Therefore, the reception of antifungal agents is recommended in conjunction with immunostimulatory agents. |
| Necrotizing | Infection of this type angina occurs due to the presence of inflammatory processes in the body, i.e. tonsils infection penetrates to the inside, rather than outside of the patient. Selection of medicines and other drugs is possible only after precise determination of the type of pathogen. Pathology dangerous tissue necrosis palate, tongue and tonsils. |
Independent antibiotics (to identify the causative agent) leads to a weakening of the immune system, and if the agent is a virus or a fungus, it will trigger the transition to a more severe disease shape.
What to take antibiotics for sore throat adults?
Treatment of angina in adults with antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporin or macrolides) also depends on the type of bacteria and form of the disease. If the patient is severely swollen, and sore throat and tonsils, medicines used by injection. To avoid complications it is important to take the full course of the medication.
View the group of antibiotics, depending on the type of angina:
- purulent and follicular - penicillin;
- lacunar - cephalosporins;
- strep - penicillins or cephalosporins;
- Bluetongue - macrolides.
Duration of antibiotic treatment depends on the dynamics and general condition of the patient.
A brief description of the most commonly used antibiotics:
| Name and dosage form | Which group of antibiotics include | Features of the application (for adults) | Possible side effects |
| Flemoxin Solutab (tablets) | penicillin | Tablets are taken for 2-3 pcs. 2-3 times a day. Duration of from 5 to 7 days. With the doctor's permission may be extended to 10 days. |
|
| Azithromycin (tablets, capsules and powder for oral administration) | Makrolity | The daily dose is required to take on an empty stomach 1 time per day. Duration of therapy is 3-5 days. |
|
| Augmentin (tablets and powder for oral use and the powder for injection) | penicillin | Dosage forms dependent on release and severity of the disease. receiving a course of 5-7 days. |
|
Drugs can only be purchased with a prescription from a course of treatment.
antivirals
When angina viral nature appointed the following drugs:
| The name and the form of | The active ingredient and the therapeutic effect. | therapeutic course | Possible side effects |
| Anaferon (tablet to dissolve under the tongue) | Affinity-purified antibodies to human gamma interferon. It refers to homeopathic drugs. It has antiviral and immune protection. | The drug is taken 3-6 times a day for 8-10 days. | In rare cases there may be a manifestation of allergic symptoms. |
| Kagocel (tablets) | Kagocel. The preparation possesses antiviral and immunostimulating effect. After completing the course the therapeutic effect lasts up to 5 days. It is used in the herpes angina. | Tablets Take 2 pieces. 3 times a day for 2 days. And 1 tablet 3 times a day, the next 2 days. A full course of 4 days. |
Drugs are sold without a prescription. But may require an adjustment of the course the therapist.
Medications to eliminate the symptoms of tonsillitis
Description of the preparations to reduce pain and swelling in the throat when used topically.
| Name means and dosage form | The active element and therapeutic properties | Terms of use | Possible backlash |
| Chlorophillipt spray (also available as tablets, alcohol and oil solution) | Extract of leaves of eucalyptus. The drug has a devastating effect on bacteria. | Spray apply 3-4 times a day 1 injection for 3-4 days. | In rare cases may cause allergies. |
| Strepsils lozenges different color. Color describes the intensity of the action of the drug. | Antiseptic amylmetacresol. Agent has antimicrobial action. | Candies need to take 1 piece. every 2-3 hours, but not more than 8 "candy" in the day. The course of 4-7 days. | |
| Faringosept (tablets) | Ambazone monohydrate. Means antiseptic effect. | Take 1 tablet 3-5 times a day for 3-5 days. |
Lozenges and sprays highlighted usability, but apply only in the complex treatment.
antihistamines
Treatment of sore throats in adults (drugs often provoke the development of an allergic reaction, so it is recommended to use in conjunction with antihistamines) may include receiving these drugs for allergies:
| The name and the form of | base material | instruction | The possible negative reaction |
| Suprastin (tablets and solution for injection) | Hlorpiramina hydrochloride. | With angina take enough 1 tablet per day. The solution is used in rare cases with very pronounced allergy symptoms. Tablets are taken for 5-7 days. |
|
| Fenistil (tablets, drops and gel) | Dimethindene maleate. | The form of the drug, dosage and duration of treatment are selected individually according to the patient's condition. |
|
| Zyrtec (tablets and drops) | Cetirizine dihydrochloride. | Take 10 drops, 1-2 times a day or ½ tablet as 1-2 times a day. Zyrtec is taken from 5 to 7 days. |
|
Antihistamines can also cause the development of allergic reactions, so their use and replacement are possible only after consultation with your doctor.
NSAIDs for angina
Anti-inflammatory agents contribute not only to the removal of inflammation and swelling, but also allow to reduce the rate of temperature.
recommended for sore throat:
| The name and the form of | Base material and therapeutic effect | instruction | The possible negative reaction |
| Ibuprofen (syrup, tablets, suppositories) | Ibuprofen. The drug relieves pain and inflammatory response. | The dosage and course are discussed with a doctor. |
|
| Aspirin (tablets) | Acetylsalicylic acid. The tablets have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties also contribute to liquefaction of the blood. | The tablets can be taken no more frequently than every 4 hours. The maximum duration of 5 days of admission. |
|
NSAIDs are not appointed course intake. They are used only when the temperature exceeds 38.7 degrees, and the presence of severe headaches.
Folk remedies
To relieve symptoms of angina may use folk remedies, but only with the permission of the attending physician.
Efficient compositions and their use:
- decoction of chamomile gargle 3-5 times a day for 5 days. To prepare the required steamed in 150 ml boiling water to 1 camomile sachet. Allow to cool to room temperature;
- dissolved in 1 liter of warm water 5 g salt. To rinse during the day;
- smear cabbage leaf honey and applied to the throat as a compress. The procedure is carried out before going to bed;
- lemon scald with boiling water and consume immediately. It helps reduce heat and eliminate the pain in the throat.
When used in treatment of people with taking medication formulations accelerates the healing process.
Ice cream with angina
Ice cream with angina can cause temporary therapeutic effect, as cold promotes vasoconstriction, thereby reducing swelling and pain decreased. But the infection by this method will not be destroyed. Conversely, certain types of pathogens begin to actively proliferate in a sweet environment.
What can be done for the treatment of angina?
During treatment of angina following procedures are prohibited:
- exercise and sports activities, as the body will not direct the energy to fight the disease, and exercises;
- smoking and alcohol, they weaken the body and reduce the effectiveness of the treatment;
- warming throat is strictly forbidden, as it promotes the growth of the infection;
- remove the pus and pustular education tonsils and throat alone. Perhaps of infection to healthy areas of the skin and mucosal injury;
- drink beverages based on milk with honey and butter. They create a film on the mucosa, which enhances the growth of the infection.
The most dangerous is to ignore the initial symptoms of a sore throat, as therapy for tonsillitis in the running form threatens the development of severe complications.
In adults, a sore throat and runs hard, as well as in children, and also the development of dangerous complications. The disease has a diverse nature (bacterial, viral and fungal), so the choice of drugs is possible only after the detection of the pathogen. It is important to take the full course of treatment prescribed by a doctor, without independent adjustments, particularly with a view of the drug.
Author: Svetlana Kotlyachkova
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