Rehabilitation after stroke at home. Exercise, folk remedies for men and women

In Russia the third place among the causes of stroke is death of citizens. It is bleeding in the brain, the cause of which is the gap of one of the vessels. For the year killed about 200 thousand in the country. people, and the survivors are challenging stroke rehabilitation field in stationary and home.

Difficulties recovery after stroke

The most difficult recovery phase lasts the first 6 months. Relatives of patients treated in private clinics for rehabilitation, because they are afraid to hurt a loved one. To carry out proper care, you need to know the specifics of the disease, as in any particular part of the brain was bleeding. In addition, it takes patience and ability to handle stress.

If the patient and his family have a strong desire to restore health and return to his former life as soon as possible, then probable a more favorable outcome.

To firmly move the difficult period necessary psychologist as suffered strokes, as well as those who care for them. In 90% of cases, patients become withdrawn, they develop depression. Man considers himself inferior, and also a burden for relatives.

Recorded suicide attempts among people who underwent a stroke.

The main stages of recovery after stroke

Rehabilitation after stroke at home is held under the supervision of a specialist. training program depends on the extensiveness of bleeding and the patient's general condition.

The consequences of stroke are:

• Memory loss (total or partial);
• speech impairment;
• problems with vision and hearing;
• disruption of the vestibular apparatus;
• complete or partial limb paralysis;
• psycho-emotional disruptions.

The main task - to return the person to a normal life. We'll have to restore self-service skills, enhance memory, develop intelligence. You can not postpone rehabilitation program, it is necessary to begin recovery as soon as possible. The earlier and more often will be held sessions with the patient, the higher the chance of a full recovery.

Recovery begins on the principles of:

• time to begin;
• regularly;
• gradually move to more complex exercises;
• restore all the lost complex skills.

The first steps to recovery will begin in the hospital, then you need to follow all the rules, prescribed by a physician, as well as gradually increase the load level. There should be no gaps, it is necessary to do the exercises regularly, otherwise the results achieved before the break will be lost again.

It is necessary to follow the lesson plan. Do not overload the patient. If some of the tasks he still can not afford, you need to be patient, and do not require the person performing them.

All bodies recovered at the same time functional. Need to engage in diversified if rehabilitation activities will only direction for restoration motion capabilities, the development of speech and intellect stops, and the chances to catch up will be negligible small.

After Ischemic Stroke

According to world statistics 85% of strokes are ischemic in nature. One of the vessels occluded blood clot or air the membrane and then broken and there is bleeding in the brain. Ischemic stroke occurs gradually, it can be recognized independently.

A person during a seizure can not smile, the corners of the mouth skewed. Hands do not rise up symmetrically, or do not listen at all. Speech becomes slurred. Quickly this assistance will help to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Recovery occurs depending on the severity of the "impact". In 30% of cases, patients do not lose their ability to move and thought. Therapists prescribe exercise program individually.

With the loss of speech therapist with the patient involved, learn to pronounce the words, and trains the facial muscles correctly. Appointed by regular massage treatments. They are required to act on the muscles of the limbs and body, as well as for a good blood circulation. Nutritionists make a meal plan, many of the products should be excluded from the diet after the attack.

After hemorrhagic stroke

Hemorrhagic Stroke Ischemic harder. He comes suddenly and the person is not able to realize what was happening. human lives saved, who suffered a hemorrhagic stroke is on the second. This assistance quickly can prevent death.

Usually attack caused by a sharp pressure jump. The vessel can not withstand the load and bursts, bleeding occurs. Such patients do craniotomy and hold an emergency operation to save his life.

Rehabilitation after a hemorrhagic stroke is much longer than after ischemic, both at home and in the hospital. The first recovery period the patient is bedridden and requires careful maintenance. It is necessary to overturn his body to avoid bedsores.

All you need to wipe the skin folds, armpits, the folds of the elbows and knees. Program of recovery are beginning a week after surgery. Till this day, allowed only strokes and light massage the limbs, fingers and toes.

Basic treatment of stroke position

Basically stroke treated medically, without surgery. In severe cases, doctors are resorting to brain trepanation. If the bleeding is too extensive, catheters, suction excess. In the course of the operation can be removed part of the skull bones and the skin is closed.

The first week the person is in the hospital. During the first stage of rehabilitation doctors carefully monitored. When the state becomes stable, analyzes bounce back and general condition improves, the person is ready to be discharged. Further reducing its program should be dealt with close people, under the supervision of a neurologist.

The main directions of the treatment:

• drug therapy;
• psychological counseling;
• physiotherapy;
• compliance with regulations on nutrition;
• exercise (LFK);

One of the main goals of treatment is to reduce the probability of repeated attacks. Relapse occurs in 15% of patients during the first 6 months. Repeated bleeding threatens death. To avoid relapse cases, it is necessary to identify the cause of the disease.

More often than not provoke the attack:

• High weight;
• cholesterol;
• hypertension;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• high blood sugar;
• excessive alcohol consumption;
• smoking.

In addition to these, there are other factors that contribute to stroke. The exact nature of origin establish an expert and make recommendations to eliminate this cause.

The use of drugs

What medicines are prescribed:

• Noontropy - drugs, contributing to the restoration of neurological processes.
• Anticoagulants - for the regulation of blood clotting.
• Muscle relaxants - to lower the tone of the muscles.
• Antidepressants.
• Painkillers.
• Preparations for the regulation of metabolism.
• Diuretics, as well as funds from the swelling.
• Hypertensive drugs.
• Vasodilators.
• Vitamins.
• Glycine.

When adjourned hemorrhagic stroke should not take drugs of noontropov and anticoagulants.

In ischemic stroke requires a long reception of medicines, which are establishing the cerebral circulation. reception period lasts from 4 to 6 months.

Massage at home

Massage helps to restore elasticity of muscles, to send them oxygen and speed up the recovery process. In the first stage of recovery engaged in massage doctor. He will pick up the individual program and calculate the length of the course, as well as one session.

Initially, massage lasts no more than 5 minutes because the muscles you need to get used to the effects on them. Gradually, the procedure can be doubled, and towards the end of the first phase of the rehabilitation session length is 30 minutes.

massage course lasts about a month, and then needed a break to 1.5 months. Begin to massage the second day after the last attack of ischemic stroke. When adjourned hemorrhagic stroke treatments begin not earlier than 7 days.

Stroke rehabilitation at home can be carried out only after the onset of stability and good general condition of the patient. Close can invite a trained specialist at home or perform the procedure on their own.

To help a loved one have suffered strokes, you need to learn to make the right moves. Total body massage is done in the direction of the lymph nodes.

Session This procedure is divided into successive steps:

1. Initial. There should be a strong influence on the muscles. Allowed only a slight rubbing and stroking.
2. Key. Not allowed impact type motion, but rubbing and vibration are additional actions which promote blood flow and oxygen to the tissues.
3. Final. Active movements decreases gradually returning to stroking.

After consultation with the doctor can be a valid application vibromassazhora. Stroking can be done on any track. This motion helps ease the feeling of pain and soothes. When rubbing on the skin stronger. This is necessary to saturation of the blood cells.

Nutrients spread faster, distributed lymph and restores the ability of muscles to contract. Rubbing the skin tightly pressed to her palm and edge swiping forward so as to form a skin roller. Vibration is beneficial because at high amplitude vibrations achieved muscle relaxation in a strong tone.

Massage is necessary to start from the bottom-up. First massaged foot, tibia, followed hips. Hands knead starting from defeat. If the bleeding was right, we should start with the right hand. At first brush, then the forearm. Next, warm up the pectoral muscles, starting from the defeat.

After warming up the front side of the body ends, the patient is inverted on the healthy side. The back of the massage is similar - from the bottom. Massage ends effect on the lumbar spine.

Physical therapy at home: a description of facilities, employment rate

Therapeutic exercise helps to relieve strong muscle tone, circulation and build gradually regain the ability to control his body. For patients who are completely paralyzed the technique of passive loads, with the help of another person.

A program in which you need to do, the doctor develops. Because the need for, or contraindications are based on the extensiveness of the problem, its causes and a few other factors.

Basic principles of physical therapy:

• Classes begin with a passive load, then move gradually into more complex exercises.
• At the first stage it is impossible to train longer allotted time. There is a risk overextend the body.
• If the patient has lost the ability to move, the gymnastics begins with the active sets of exercises. Choose their need to follow the feelings of the patient. If any given too simple exercise. That should increase the load slightly. If a strong tension is necessary to screw to the previous employment level of complexity. The body is not yet ready to carry such loads.
• Repetition of movements in the active gymnastics gradually increased from 1-2 to 3-4 times. Then to 6 reps for arms and 14 legs.

Classes should be conducted on a daily basis without interruption. Termination of employment threatens the loss-established results.

Rehabilitation after stroke at home begins gradually. First shut-must again learn to roll from side to side, sit up in bed. Then he learns to sit, stand and move around.

In addition to general gymnastics, it is necessary to develop fine motor skills of hands. For this patient are encouraged to collect small items from the table to sort grains or beads, tie shoelaces. To the facial muscles recovered, need special exercises. For example, lighten up, put his lips into a tube, blowing wind on the tops.

Therapeutic exercise for bedridden patients

In the very first stage of restoration needed help a loved one. The patient is not yet able to do the exercises on their own, so he needs help.

The complex passive exercises:

• Flexion and extension of fingers. The exercise begins with the side where the bleeding occurred.
• Followed by extension and flexion of hands and feet. After bending to do a bit of circular rotational motions.
• Next, gently bend the elbows and knees. First one leg lifted and gently attract to his chest, then a second. Exercises on a limb should always start from the defeat. Also, working with his hands.
• The final stage of gymnastics is the impact on the hips and shoulders.
• To remove a tone of muscles, you need to hold them in an upright position for a few minutes.

When partially it restored the ability to move, lying to perform the following exercises:

• Above the bed hung a towel or belt. The patient must grasp it tightly compress the brush and bend the elbows, lift the body. Over time, you can hang a "simulator" above.
• Buy a special rubber and looped tape. Wear it on the patient's arm, he tried to spread them apart against the force of tension gum.
• Stretch based on the headboard of the bed with his hands. When the body is necessary to make a start pulling down.

Through this complex is necessary to gradually increase the number of repetitions. Through these exercises activate the ability to move. Soon the patient learn how to lift the body and sit down.

Exercises for patients who can sit

When a person learns to sit up in bed, you can proceed to the next complex:

• You need to sit on the edge of the bed, put his feet on the floor. Hands lean on the mattress, arch the back, and then take the starting position.
• The patient to sit up in bed, legs remain straight, lie in bed. Slowly bend one leg is straightened. Then the second. This exercise requires some effort. Then you need to lift the straight leg alternately.
• Under the waist puts a foam roller, lie flat, hands at his sides. One leg raised and bent, bringing his chest. Then, straighten it and repeat the movement with the second.
• Sitting in bed, you need to take both hands behind his back, lean on them and gently arched, throwing his head back.

These exercises strengthen the back muscles and prepare them for the patient was able to stand.

Exercises for patients who can stand

A set of exercises that you need to perform in order to prepare the muscles for a full walking:

• Stand up leaning on a table or bed and to raise their surface small items.
• Raise their hands up on the inhale, reach for the ceiling rising to his socks. Then exhale to relax and take a starting position.
• Making slopes, placing hands on the belt, and your feet shoulder-width apart.
• The exercise "scissors" hand.
• Make kick their feet alternately, and do claps underfoot.
• Stepping in one place lifting knees high.

Until the patient can not fully go, he needs the support element, such as a cane or crutches. For those who have just learned to get out of bed, you may need a special "walkers".

Physiotherapy

The complex of these procedures does not depend on the nature of the stroke. In hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke treatment is carried out alone.

What appoint experts:

• magnetic and manual therapy;
• massages;
• heat therapy (mud baths, sand, wax, etc.);
• vibration;
• acupuncture (pricking needles);
• electrophoresis.

Duration of the course and duration of a session is established Specialist. At home, physiotherapy has only massage. For a speedy recovery encouraged to attend all sessions in the hospital.

speech Recovery

To restore a person's ability to speak, you need to develop the facial muscles responsible for the reproduction of sound.

This will help the following exercises:

• The patient need to lighten up and blow away the pressing on both sides of his hands. It is necessary to try to collect the air doing a little obstacle hands.
• Its teeth.
• Minimize the lips into a tube.
• Lick their language clockwise and counterclockwise.
• Sticks out his tongue.
• Bite the upper and lower lip teeth.
• Smile, lift up the corners of the mouth and lower portraying sadness.

Gradually, the patient learns to produce sounds, syllables and pronounce the words to say. Unfortunately, 50% severe cases, it is recovered only partially. If this happens, the patient is taught sign language.

In any case, do not despair. We need to continue training. In medicine, a number of cases were reported when a patient unexpectedly for himself suddenly began to speak.

Restore memory

Those who are caring for a person who have suffered strokes, should be patient, because the memory is restored for a long time. However, regular exercise bring positive results. In the first stage of recovery a person may not remember your family and your own name. Very often this phenomenon occurs in hemorrhagic stroke underwent.

What exercises can help restore memory:

• Memorizing words.
• Board games.

  

• The game of cards with different images. You can look for a pair of pictures or antithesis.
• Memorizing short poems.
• An effective exercise is the memory of the work done during the day.

Favorable prognosis about memory have in those patients who regularly communicate with. You can show a family album patient and remind relatives, his childhood and various important events.

Recovery of fine motor skills

How to help a patient regain the ability to work with small items:

• Giving to sort the beads.
• Collect pictures from cereals. This will require plasticine, cardboard, and buckwheat or other cereals. Cardboard draw a contour fill smeared with plasticine. The patient must take the grains and pressed into clay.
• Spaghetti string on a thread. When the results start to improve, you can use beads or buttons.
• Collect the bed or on the table small items.
• Coin lift with a smooth surface.

The successful development of fine motor skills gives forecast for the safe and rapid recovery of the other functions of the body.

Power stroke

Rehabilitation after stroke at home includes a program of special meals. Patients can not eat fatty, spicy and fried foods. salt and sugar should be limited.

Banned spirits such as tea or coffee. Alcohol and smoking is prohibited not only in recovery, but also to the rest of his life. If bad habits come back, there is a probability of relapse with a fatal outcome.

Below is a table for replacing the harmful products useful:

harmful	useful
Butter	diet margarine
Egg	exceptionally protein
Chicken with skin	Boiled and skinless
Ice cream	Yogurt
Cottage cheese	only low-fat
Vegetable oil	Olive oil
Pork	Veal
Milk	Pasteurized not higher than 3.2% fat
Cheese	Solid low-fat varieties
Rusk	crackers

It is forbidden to eat sweet pastries, smoked and dried meat. Cook a meal should only for a couple, cook or bake.

Stroke Treatment folk remedies: recipes regimen

Rehabilitation after stroke at home can be carried out not only medication, but also with supporting folk remedies.

Recipe № 1

Homemade antioxidant.

You will need:

• half a lemon;
• pine broth.

With lemon skin is cut, the pulp is finely cut and mixed with a broth needles. The mixture should sit for 2-3 hours and cool completely. Ingest half a glass before meals, twice a day.

Recipe № 2

Necessary ingredients:

• juice of wormwood;
• honey.

The components are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1. The mixture should be taken orally on a teaspoon 1-2 times a day. But do not exceed a single rate - 6 grams. This tool helps to restore memory, and also acts as a sedative.

Recipe № 3

Ointment for paralyzed parts of the body:

• Bay leaf;
• Olive oil.

Laurel leaf pulverized and mixed with butter until smooth. Ointment infused for 40 days. After this time, you can rub it immobile limbs.

Many engaged in rehabilitation

No exact timing of recovery of patients. It depends on the severity of the attack, and also on the individual. Some people are completely rehabilitated for 3-4 months, while others may take several years.

The most important and greatly influences the rate of recovery factor - the desire to own patient. If there is no craving for studies in humans, it is in apathy or depression, the results will be low and long.

What are the chances of a full recovery after stroke

According to statistics, only 10% of people are completely restored in Russia who have suffered strokes. We are talking about those who are re-mastered not only the minimum program, but also professional skills. The others often become disabled, 25% of which require care in the form of a permanent nurse.

After discharge, the rehabilitation period lasts. A chance for a full recovery is enhanced when a person after a stroke, psychological support is provided on time, and also help loved ones who are ready to go through this difficult period together with the patient to continue treatment at home conditions. Only a daily workout and focus on results give a positive prognosis.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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