Diclofenac ointment. What does help, instructions for use, price, analogs, reviews

Diclofenac is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic non-hormonal composition. The drug helps to eliminate pain symptom of various etiologies (headache after an injury or illness caused by the joints).

The most popular Diclofenac for external use, since it has less contraindications and therapeutic effect is achieved locally, bypassing the digestive tract. Medication is recommended to take only after consulting with your healthcare professional, even when used as an ointment.

Shape and composition of the drug release

Diclofenac is performed in the following dosage forms (active element is sodium diclofenac):

• gel. With the content of active substances 1 and 5%;solution for intramuscular injection. Basic element contains 25 mg per ml;
• suppository for rectal administration. The concentration of diclofenac sodium is 50 and 100 mg;
• drops Ophthalmic. With the content of active component of 0.1%;
• pills in enteric or film coated. The concentration of the base member in the tablet at 25 and 50 mg;
• long-acting tablet. It contains the greatest amount of Diclofenac Sodium 100 mg;
• ointment. The means comprises at 1 and 2% of the active element.

The variety of forms of medication allows you to choose the right kind of medication depending on the location of the pain, the reasons for its appearance and degree of severity of the disease. According to the release form drugs have a variety of additional features that enhance the therapeutic effect and allow you to give the required drug dosage form.

The composition of external medicines include the following components:

Type of product	additional components	appointment
Gel	isopropyl alcohol	Used as components of the solvent, also exhibit antiseptic properties.
benzyl alcohol
carbomer	It is used to impart a gel-like medicament forms.
sodium metabisulfite	It used as a preservative.
polysorbate	To make the water-soluble drug texture.
triethanolamine	Used as a stabilizer and preservative.
Purified water	To impart the desired concentration and consistency of the gel.
Ointment	propylene glycol	It gives the desired consistency ointment and prolongs shelf life.
dimethyl sulfoxide	Used as a solvent and preservative.
macrogol	It is used for dissolving and combining the components.

The choice of form of the drug is carried by the attending specialist.

pharmacological properties

Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretic and analgesic effect.

Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

Ointment Diclofenac helps eliminate symptoms due to the action of a main component, which is a derivative of phenylacetic acid. Means exerts a suppressive effect on the synthesis of fats and fat-like active substances that contribute to the development of inflammatory processes, increase pain symptoms and trigger an increase temperature.

For external use of drugs note the following therapeutic effects:

• eliminates pain at the site of application means. Diclofenac acts not only on the skin surface. means components may penetrate the epithelial barrier and have a therapeutic effect on muscles and joints;
  
• prevents the development of inflammatory processes;
• decreases swelling due to the elimination of inflammation;
• It has a cooling effect, which contributes to the rapid elimination of the pain and reduce the temperature readings;
• components of the drug prevent agglutination of platelets in the blood, which prevents the formation of thrombi and dilutes the blood;
• therapeutic effect on the joints is celebrated as when moving the limbs, and in the rest.

The therapeutic effect after application of Diclofenac to the skin observed after 30-60 minutes (when used orally 2-3 hours). medicament components accumulate in muscle tissue and joints (94%) and a small amount in Blood (6%), thereby prolonging the therapeutic effect of the regular use of facilities.

Part Diclofenac that is absorbed into the blood is excreted in the urine (67%) and the feces (33%).

The concentration of diclofenac in the blood depends on the amount deposited with the skin, the capacity of the epidermis, and is also used on top of an ointment or occlusive dressing is not. The dressing can increase the concentration of medicament in the blood 3 times. The components of the drug can penetrate into breast milk even for external use.

Indications

Diclofenac in the outer form is assigned to the elimination of the following pathologies:

• arthrosis. Disease is expressed in cartilage lesions in joints;
• ankylosing spondylitis. It manifests the development of the inflammatory process in the spinal column;
• bursitis and synovitis. Inflammation of the joints bags;
• tendinitis. Inflammation of the tendons in the joints;
• contracture. Expressed limiting joint mobility;
• rheumatism. The disease is infectious and allergic nature, is characterized by lesions of the connective tissue (in the heart, joints and other internal organs);
• osteochondrosis. Disruption of the intervertebral discs;
• gout. The pathology is characterized by excess deposition of uric acid salts in various tissues, including joints. Accompanied by pain;
• bruises, Stretching of muscles or ligaments;
• fractures and in the postoperative period;
• arthritis. This is a group of inflammatory diseases affecting the joints.

Diclofenac effectively combats Lumbago (shooting pain acute in the lumbar region). It is important Diclofenac in any dosage form removes only the symptoms and not the cause of the pain / inflammation.

Contraindications

Diclofenac ointment helps eliminate joint and muscle pain only when properly used funds and after excluding contraindications.

The ointment is banned for use in the following cases:

• poor blood clotting. Diclofenac further promotes its liquefaction;
• presence on the treatment zone scratches and other open injuries;
• intolerance and allergic reaction to the components of the means;
• During pregnancy and breast-feeding breast milk;
• dermatological diseases infectious nature;
• violation status and vascular permeability;
• hemorrhoids, acute rhinitis and ulcer formation in the digestive tract. Since the drug contributes to liquefaction of the blood, which can cause bleeding;
• violation percolation metabolic processes;
• the presence of cancer formations;
• heavy surgery in recent times;
• bronchial asthma. Severe bouts of coughing can cause pulmonary hemorrhage.

Diclofenac may not be used in the treatment of burns (any grade). Also, the outer shape can not be used orally and applied to mucous (eyes, nose, mouth).

At what age can use the drug

The ointment is authorized for use after reaching 6 years. Application at an early age can cause permanent reduction in active generation of fats and fat-like substances, because the functioning of the organism has not been fully executed.

Instructions for use, the dosage of the drug

Diclofenac as ointment is allowed to be applied only to the skin surface while avoiding mucous. Terms of Use means depend on the purpose of its application. In some pathologies need to strengthen the effectiveness of the drug, this helps to use bandages.

Properties diclofenac in various pathologies (ointment with a concentration of 1% active substance):

The purpose of the application	The multiplicity of coating per day	Length strip of ointment (in cm) is measured with embossed-Ivan means of tubes	The duration of the treatment course	nuances therapy
Pain in the back and joints, which caused bruises and injuries	3-5	1-1,5	Before elimination of symptoms, but not more than 28 days.	In the treatment it is important to exclude the presence of scratches and other protivop-Rendering.
osteochondrosis	2-4	3-4	14-21	When severe pain, you can use an ointment of 2%.
Gout	2-3	2-3	7-21	When severe pain, you can use a bandage for 15-30 minutes.
arthritis	2-3	3-4	14-28	It is recommended to apply the ointment at night, in order to facilitate movement of the limbs in the morning.
Rheumatism	1-2	1,5-2	7-14	In this disease the probability of allergic reactions, so it is important to check the susceptibility to the drug.
arthrosis	3-4	4	14-21	In severe pain ointment can be used with a concentration of 2%. Or apply a bandage for 10-20 minutes.
contracture	3-5	3-5	7-21	When applying the composition on the night you can use the 2% ointment.
Lumbago	1	2-3	—	Ointment is used in case of pain.
Fractures in the postoperative period	4	1,5-2	20	Require adjustment of a single dose of the drug for the patient.
Stretching ligaments and tendons	2-3	2-3	7-14	In the presence of strong swelling permitted use bandage for 10-20 min.

The basic rules on the use of the ointment:

• skin must be free of dirt, cosmetics and dry;
• apply ointment light massage, not to provoke more pain. Active massage rubbing will cause a rush of blood to the site of treatment, which will increase the concentration of drug in the blood and increase the likelihood of an adverse reaction;
• if you use occlusive dressing is not recommended it to withstand longer than the specified time;
• in the presence of rashes, itching and swelling of the gain required to eliminate ointment dry cotton pad;
• after applying the composition to the skin is required to wash their hands to avoid ingress of Diclofenac to eyes and mouth.

The exact dosage of the drug is calculated by your doctor. Since it is important to consider not only the shape of the severity of the disease, but also the general state of the patient. If necessary, repeat the course or its extension, need advice of the treating specialist and specimen collection. In the absence of therapy outcome after 3 days of the drug needs to be replaced.

Side effects

Diclofenac ointment helps to eliminate pain and inflammation symptoms, but long-term use or abuse of dosage and application of the rules can cause the development of a negative reaction.

For example:

• allergic symptoms (itching, swelling, redness of the skin);
• in the presence of wounds or dermatological pathologies possibly deteriorating;
• increased sensitivity to sunlight epidermis;
• development of sudden bleeding vessels under weak;
• dryness and flaking of the epidermis.

Since low concentration of diclofenac absorbed into the bloodstream (and the use of dressings enhanced absorption process), in rare cases, it may be a manifestation of side effects.

For example:

• appetite disorders;
• worsening of liver disease and kidney;
• bleeding in the digestive tract, and rectal and nasal the presence of hemorrhoids or rhinitis;
• weakness and drowsiness;
• decline in the quality of vision and hearing;
• violation of cardiac activity and an increase in pressure;
• dizziness;
• violation of the blood (anemia, decreased platelet count);
• respiratory impairment.

The severity of side effects depends on the throughput capacity of the skin, the general condition of the patient and the seriousness of the dosage of the ointment. In rare cases, anaphylactic shock may develop an exacerbation of allergic reaction.

Overdose

Most of the drug component (for external use) localized on the surface of the skin into the bloodstream falls small part. Therefore, the development of overdose cases is unlikely.

But in case of accidental contact with the mucous or ointment if swallowed following reaction of the organism observed:

• nervous irritability and aggression;
• headaches and disorientation in space;
• muscle twitching
• sharp aggravation of renal or hepatic pathologies;
• disruptions in breathing;
• turbidity of sight and ringing in the ears;
• pain in the heart, pressure drops and heart rate;
• abdominal pain, vomiting, flatulence.

After contact with the ointment in the digestive tract requires urgent gastric lavage and administration of activated charcoal (hardware blood purification is not effective). Next, you must monitor the victim, when you feel unwell, call the emergency care.

special instructions

When using external funds is recommended to observe the following nuances:

• in the presence of liver diseases and kidney dosage selects the physician. And be sure to specimen collection is performed to detect possible relapses of pathologies;
• after 60 years of ointment dosage is reduced by 2 times and also requires control of the body's activities by putting analysis;
• thoroughly wash their hands after the procedure to avoid contact with mucous funds;
• Accidental application means eye requires urgent treatment and water washing to the ophthalmologist;
• the period of treatment to eliminate prolonged exposure to the sun and the solarium;
• since the components of the ointment having a negative effect on the liver, then the period of treatment prohibited the use of alcoholic beverages;
• when a drug allergic reactions immediately canceled.

Occlusive dressing is used only after consultation with your doctor.

Pregnancy and hepatitis B

During the period of childbearing and breastfeeding even banned the use of external forms of diclofenac, as there is a likelihood of complications.

For example:

• impaired development and formation of the fruit, as components of the drug able to cross the placenta;
• Diclofenac passes into breast milk, so the possibility of side effects in a newborn subject of breastfeeding;
• lowering labor and overlap Incoming nutrients and oxygen across the placenta, by using means before delivery. Danger stillbirth;
• development of heavy bleeding during vaginal delivery or cesarean section, as Diclofenac causes blood thinning and decreased platelets.

Diclofenac affects the conception, so it is not recommended for use during pregnancy planning.

For children

Diclofenac in the outer shape after 6 years of age are allowed to use 2 times a day with a single dose of the drug is not more than 2 years The duration of the therapeutic course of 5-10 days. After 12 years, you can apply the ointment 3-4 times a day for 2-4 g Duration of treatment 7-14 days. It is allowed to use only 1% ointment.

drug interactions

Diclofenac ointment helps to eliminate pain as in the self-administration and in treatment. It is important to consider the interaction of drugs with their simultaneous reception.

The combination of external funds Diclofenac with other drugs:

• Ointment formulations enhances the effect similar oral or injectable use. This can result in reduced doses of tablets or injections, which have more side effects than cream;
• simultaneous use of Diclofenac medication and blood thinners can lead to bleeding;
• reduces the effectiveness of diuretic drugs and hypnotic;
• diuretics and diclofenac when used simultaneously can increase the concentration of potassium in the blood;
• simultaneous reception or non-steroid drugs with hormonal agents Diclofenac increases the likelihood of side effects of both medicines;
• you can not share to take Diclofenac tablets and ointment. It increases the likelihood of side effects;
• if necessary, use several types of external resources required to withstand 40 minutes between applications.

Not recommended to use the ointment in conjunction with cosmetics that increase the sensitivity to UV. Perhaps the development of sunburn, even at low concentration of sunlight.

analogs

With the development of allergic reactions or contraindications to the use need replacing following medicament formulations external application.

Table:

Name ointment	therapeutic effect	rules of application	The possible negative reaction
ortofen	Used to eliminate inflammation, further helping to reduce temperature and pain.	Ointment is used 2-3 times a day for 3 years The duration of treatment depends on the dynamics of therapy.	headache; rash or itching; fluid retention;
Ortofleks	It has anti-inflammatory and analgesic action.	The composition applied to the skin 3-4 times a day, 3-4 g for 7-14 days.	rash; suffocation; itching.
ibuprofen	It has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic action	Apply during the day 3-4 times at 5-10 cm of ointment for 2-3 weeks.	bronchospasm; disruption of the heart; headache.
Phenylbutazone	It possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.	The ointment is applied 2-3 times a day, 2-3 g for 7-10 days.	allergic reactions; violation of blood.
indomethacin	Using tools can eliminate pain, inflammation and reduce the temperature. Further thins the blood.	The composition is applied 3-4 times a day, 2-3 g for 7-20 days.	allergy; weakness; headache.

When replacing the drug required to individually adjust the course of therapy with the treating specialist.

Terms, conditions of sale and storage

Exterior Diclofenac release form should be stored in a closed form at temperature 10-25 degrees in a dark place. Shelf life is 2 years from the date of issue of the drug. If there is no cap on the tube shelf life of the drug is reduced to 3 months. Sold these forms without a prescription.

Freezing ointment or gel reduces the medicinal properties. Upon detection of the color change and consistency of external funds required to dispose of them.

Price in drugstores of Moscow, St. Petersburg, regions

ointment Cost varies by region, the concentration of active ingredient and volume of the tube.

The average cost of Diclofenac in the Russian regions (in rubles.) For the tube volume of 50 g:

City	Ointment 1%	Ointment 2%
Moscow	90	120
Saint Petersburg	85	110
Sverdlovsk	85	115
Permian	75	105
Sochi	90	115
Volgograd	50	90
Khabarovsk	80	110

Diclofenac helps eliminate joint and muscle pain, both in domestic and in external use. The drug is not recommended to use without consulting your doctor, especially in case of violation of the liver, kidney, or in old age, because it requires individual selection of the course.

The therapeutic effect is achieved quickly and with minimal risk of side effects when using ointments or gel.

Author: Svetlana Kotlyachkova

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

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