Diplococci in men can be detected much more often than other bacteria. This is due to the fact that the family of bacteria belonging to diplococci includes 89 species of pathogenic microorganisms. The microbes of this group are the most harmful. Diplococci affect the development of meningitis, gonorrhea, pneumonia and other dangerous diseases. When a dangerous bacterium in a smear is found in a man, it is necessary to begin treatment immediately.
How to recognize the bacillus
Diplococci can be identified in a laboratory study. Under the microscope, the bacteria have a spherical regular shape. They are located one at a time, two at a time. Sometimes it is possible to meet a chain of pathogenic microorganisms. All pathogenic microbes are divided into two main types:
- Gram-positive;
- Gram-negative.
Diplococci belong to both species. The most common in men can be found diplococcus, causing gonorrhea. In medicine, this kind of microbe is called gonococcus. It is dangerous in that it causes damage to the mucous tissue of the urinary system. In advanced forms of gonorrhea, the patient develops a urethritis. Microbe refers to heat-resistant bacteria. Gonococci and drying are well tolerated. Treatment of such infection is long.
In some adults, but more often in children, a disease such as meningitis can develop. Pathology causes diplococcus. The disease is dangerous, and death is not uncommon. Meningitis affects the cerebral cortex and spinal tissue.
The disease causes a diplococcus, called meningococcus. The bacterium lacks the ability to move. Meningococcus does not tolerate temperature changes, the drying of bacteria in the dry-fire cabinet completely kills it. This bacillus is sensitive to the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Children should be treated no later than three days. In advanced cases, the bacterium affects the brain, and irreversible changes in its tissues may occur.
Pneumococcus is another type of diplococcus. The microbe causes infection in the human lungs. Pathology disrupts the outflow of mucous secretions and leads to their accumulation. Pneumonia caused by this microorganism requires immediate treatment. In recent years, the incidence of pneumonia of this type has increased in the presence of influenza. A person who has not received immediate therapy, can die within two days.
There is an extracellular form of diplococcus. This microorganism affects the state of the intestinal microflora. It can be detected by laboratory examination of feces. If the doctor discovers this diplococcus, the patient is given a repeat surrender of bacterial analysis. The repeated smear is taken with a sticky strip and glass.
Gonococcus in the strong sex
Most often, a man sows a diplococcus causing gonorrhea. The disease occurs both in men and in women. The pathogenic microorganism at the first stages of infection settles in the urethral canal. After a five-day carrier, the person has the first symptoms. Further, the process spreads throughout the genitourinary system. The microbe affects the mucous membrane and the epithelium. On the 10th day of infection, the bacterium enters the lymphatic system. According to the genitourinary system, the gonococcal enters the connective tissue and causes inflammation of the epithelial layer. Epithelium begins to collapse, tissue cells die. Pathology causes mucosal edema, infiltration in tissues, a suppuration process.
Gonorrhea occurs for one reason - contact with the carrier of the disease. In men, the disease is more common because of promiscuity with non-regular partners. Many young people ignore the modern and simple method of contraception - a condom. Therefore, men are leading on the incidence of gonorrhea.
Types of the disease
Diplococcus causes gonorrhea in two main forms: fresh and chronic. The chronic form arises against a background of prolonged carriage. The symptomatology of this pathology is implicit, in some cases gonorrhea can be detected only in a laboratory study. The man has a small discharge of serous fluid from the urethral canal. Chronic gonorrhea develops due to untimely treatment. The patient should identify the presence of a diplococcus in the smear, and undergo a course of treatment. If therapy does not pass, then men can develop secondary diseases of the new system, impotence and other health problems.
The fresh form of the disease is divided into three main types:
- Acute gonorrhea;
- Subacute pathology;
- Torcid gonorrhea.
The first type of disease is accompanied by the appearance of a slight itch in the area of the urethra. Then the itching becomes severe burning. In the second stage of the disease, the man has an unpleasant odor from the urethral canal. With a long course of the second form, there are purulent discharge from the penis. The torpid stage is similar to the second one. The difference is that all the signs are not in such an acute form, sometimes they are completely absent.
Symptomatology of pathology
Diplococcus can be detected only in the laboratory when studying a smear taken from the urethral canal. Most often, patients find themselves having an infection when they pass a detailed analysis. Individual patients are sent by the doctor to the tests themselves, as they may suspect a gonorrheal infection.
For any type of pathology, diplococcus manifests itself in men in the following symptoms:
- Severe itching in the urethral canal;
- Painful sensations when emptying the bladder;
- Erections at night, accompanied by pain;
- Pain during sexual intercourse;
- Purulent or yellowish discharge from the urethra;
- The appearance of a strong unpleasant odor from the urethral canal.
If a man has found at least two of the above symptoms, he should visit a doctor in the near future.
Urethritis caused by diplococcus
Many patients with gonorrhea develop urethritis. Pathology proceeds in three stages. At the first stage, the patient is infected with the anterior wall of the urethra. A man begins to feel a burning sensation when the bladder is emptied. Diplococcus causes the appearance of small mucous secretions from the urinary canal.
In the second stage of urethritis the patient has reddening and swelling of the glans penis. When palpating the penis, you can identify the compaction of the walls of the urethra. Allocations become abundant and acquire an unpleasant putrefactive odor.
The third stage is characterized by the transition of inflammation to the back wall of the urethra. The man has strong pain when he stops urinating. The patient experiences a constant feeling of incomplete emptiness of the bladder.
The patient can aggravate the symptoms of gonorrheic urethritis himself. Many men do not observe the right way of life. The following bad habits cause an increase in urethritis:
- Drinking alcohol;
- Eating spicy food;
- Interrupted sexual contact or intentionally tightened.
At the first stage of the disease, the patient must completely stop taking alcohol and observe sexual intercourse.
Diagnosis of the gonococcus
A man must undergo several types of examination. An experienced specialist can determine a fresh infection on his own, but for a complete clinical picture, analyzes of the patient are necessary. To determine the diplococcus, you need to undergo three types of medical examination:
- Anamnesis;
- Palpation of the penis;
- General blood test and detailed analysis of the smear from the urethra.
The patient should clearly describe the symptoms experienced by him. After collecting anamnesis from the patient, the doctor examines his genitals. When palpating the head and body of the penis, the doctor can note the compaction in the urethra and the redness of the head. After external examination, a man should undergo a laboratory examination of blood and smear.
Under laboratory conditions, the qualitative and quantitative state of the blood is studied. With urethritis in the blood, the level of leukocytes is increased. These cells indicate the presence of an inflammatory process in the organs and tissues.
An extensive swab analysis will help to identify a pathogenic microorganism. Diplomacy is sown in a special cup. A week later the overgrown culture is tested for sensitivity to antibiotics. This analysis allows you to select the necessary treatment.
How to take a smear
The procedure for taking a smear from the urethra is unpleasant for a man. The patient should prepare for the swab beforehand. The following rules must be observed:
- Sexual rest;
- Do not use antibacterial gel;
- Discontinue drug therapy.
A man must give up his sexual life one week before taking the smear. This applies to both direct and oral methods. Mucous discharge should accumulate in a certain amount. At sexual intercourse discharge is washed out with seminal fluid.
Antibacterial gel kills all pathogenic microflora on the human body. You can use it. The last application should be no later than a day before the analysis. The man should stop emptying the bladder three hours before the test.
If the patient has concomitant pathologies, then he should consult with the attending physician. The specialist will decide whether to continue therapy, or should stop treatment for a while.
Treatment of bacterial disease
Treatment of diplococcal infections is very long. Pathology affects several organs at the same time and the treatment process becomes more complicated. Gonorrhea is treated with two main methods:
- Antibiotic treatment;
- Physiotherapy.
Antibiotic therapy has proven itself in the treatment of diplococcal infections. Several types of antibiotics of different groups are used for therapy. The most popular therapy is the treatment of penicillin drugs. The number and interval between injections is selected individually. It depends on the severity of the disease and the affected organ. A typical treatment regimen includes 20 injections, which are done twice a day. The course of treatment is 10 days. Penicillin has been used in medicine for a long time. Many young people have resistance or an allergy to penicillin. In this case, prescribe drugs from the sulfanilamide group.
The known sulfonamide is biseptol. The drug has a combined composition. For treatment, you need to buy one pack of medication. A man should take a drug of four tablets at a time. The interval between the reception should be 6 hours. The usual course is 16 tablets. If the infection is chronic, then the treatment is increased to twenty tablets.
Widely used treatment with bicillin series. For the treatment of diplococcus use "Bicillin-Z."A man needs 3-5 injections of bicillin with an interval of three days. The number of injections depends on the nature of the disease caused by diplococcus. Therapy is accompanied by the intake of medications that normalize the microflora of the stomach. Such medications should contain a large number of lactobacilli and bifidumbacterin. After treatment, a man must pass a second analysis.
Fluoroquinolone therapy has a good effect. Doctors prefer to appoint abaktal. The drug is available in 3 tablets in a package. The acute form of infection is cured by a single dose of 600 mg of abaktal. If the pathology has a chronic form, then the treatment is extended for 3 days.
Physiotherapy is prescribed for strong discharge from the urethra or a significant edema. A man is prescribed washing with various medicines. The patient must visit the treatment room on a daily basis. The specialist introduces a disinfectant solution through a special syringe into the urethra. The procedure is not the most pleasant, but it is necessary to endure. Rinsing is carried out by a single injection of fluid into the urethra. In hospitals for washing the urethra, a solution of furacilin is prescribed. It is prepared in specialized pharmacies. Shelf life of such a solution does not exceed 24 hours.
Prevention of
Disease can enter the body through various organs. The most common way of infection is unprotected sexual contact with the carrier of the bacterium. To prevent the disease, a man must follow the rules of personal hygiene and use a condom.
Eating spicy foods can cause complications. At the time of treatment, you must refrain from sharp and fried foods. A man is forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages.
The best remedy for diplococcus is prevention. Men who have a promiscuous sex life should visit a urologist and a venereologist every three months. Specialists will help to identify the disease and pick up the necessary treatment.
