Acute gastritis. Symptoms and Treatment in Adults. Drugs, diet, food, folk remedies

Acute gastritis - inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Thanks to the timely detection of the disease can prevent serious complications with the digestive tract. What are the symptoms appear in a patient, how to conduct the treatment in adults tell tips from the experts continued.

Types of acute gastritis and pathogenesis

Allocate 2 steps gastritis. The emergence of severe pain in the stomach area shows the development of acute gastritis. Over time, it becomes chronic, characterized by periods of remission - from calm to exacerbations.

Acute gastritis occurs after brief exposure to strong stimuli. It is important to determine the cause of the disease, to identify violations of the symptoms, to conduct qualified treatment in children and adults.

In medicine, there are several forms of acute gastritis:

Title	Description
Simple or catarrhal	Develops due to poor reception, acute fatty foods. Characterized by cramping abdominal pain, cramps, bloating, diarrhea.
phlegmonous	Rare, it is a purulent inflammation of the stomach wall. Manifested by fever, severe abdominal pain, vomiting of pus with impurities, in 20% cases it leads to a fatal outcome.
Necrotic	If poisoning poisonous substances, alkali, acids. Is characterized by a burning sensation in the esophagus, painful abdominal cramps, nausea, repeated vomiting with blood.
fibrinous	Pseudomembrane focal inflammation of the stomach wall develops during infection to severe. Characterized by the appearance of erosive lesions. Causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pain in the epigastric region, stomach bleeding, painful palpation.

Every form of acute gastritis has its own sources of development. In each case has its own characteristics and etiological factors.

The causes of acute gastritis in adults

There are several groups of etiologic factors that are causes symptoms of acute gastritis.

Exogenous factors:

• infection - bacteria, fungi, parasites;
• alcohol abuse;
• improper diet - acute frequent eating, acid, fat, roasted, sweet, peppered, smoked and is too hot or cold, that impairs the process of digestion;
• long-term use of drugs;
• stress conditions;
• smoking;
• the effects of radiation.

Endogenous factors include the following:

• genetic predisposition;
• autoimmune factors;
• intoxication;
• chronic infection;
• endocrine disease;
• hypovitaminosis;
• reflex effect on the stomach in chronic disorders of internal organs and systems.

In rare cases, the disease can occur against the background of accession Helicobacter bacteria. In addition to the appearance of erosive lesions on the stomach walls there are other accompanying symptoms (vomiting, belching, abdominal cramps). Without the emergency can not do in a hospital.

Symptoms of acute gastritis

The disease manifests severe clinical picture. Acute pain is localized in the epigastric region. The inflammatory process extends across the mucosal epithelium of the shell, touching the muscular layer of the gastric glandular apparatus.

Acute gastritis (symptoms and treatment of adult individual) is shown by the following characteristic features:

• a feeling of heaviness in the esophagus;
  
• lack of appetite;
• bitter taste in the mouth;
• severe regurgitation;
• retching nausea;
• vomiting of bile and mucus;
• diarrhea;
• flatulence;
• dizziness;
• weakness in the whole body;
• White patches on the tongue;
• painful palpation in the stomach.

Against the background of the development of inflammation of the body temperature rises, the indicators may vary from 37 ° C to 39 ° C. Fever begins. Thus, the body responds to the penetration of foreign components into the body. Started active development of interferon alpha, a special material that can withstand the attack of viruses and bacteria.

Experts advise not to shoot down the temperature to 38,5 ° C, the immune system is tried to cope with disturbances without additional medication. When inflammation quenched, and then temperature decrease. When indications 38-39 ° C should immediately see a doctor, because without therapeutic measures in this case can not do.

Diagnostics

Severe clinical picture is not always indicative of the development of acute gastritis. The doctor will confirm the diagnosis only after fibrogastroskopicheskogo research. Investigated the esophageal wall, stomach, duodenum, and taken material (gastric juice, scraping) to further determine the location of ulcerations.

To clarify further analysis include:

• US pancreas;

  

• determining Helicobacter antibodies;
• antigen test;
• clinical blood test;
• test for tumor markers.

Modern medical centers offer comprehensive diagnostic tests for the disease. In this case, it will be able to get a full picture of the situation, determine the stage, location and nature of the breach.

acute gastritis drug treatment

Treatment of gastritis of any kind should be carried out under the close supervision of a specialist gastroenterologist. In individual cases selected patient recovery scheme, and set the dosage of medication.

Acute gastritis (symptoms and treatment in adults are estimated individually, so therapy can be complex and symptomatic) can not "hide" via anesthetic drugs or enzymes that facilitate the process digestion. At the time, you can defer the painful symptoms of the disease, but since you can cause severe complications.

In the acute phase shown starvation. Required gastric lavage with food poisoning or chemicals. It is important to exclude the reception of drugs, alcoholic beverages, tobacco. salt solutions are used to restore hydrobalance.

Gastritis prescribers of different directions:

• antacids - to reduce the acidity of the digestive juices and eliminate the aggressive action of the esophagus (Maalox, Almagel, Rennie, Gastal, Gaviscon);
  
• antisecretory agents - to reduce the production of gastric juice and acidity lowering (ranitidine, famotidine);
• proton pump inhibitors - for suppressing the production of enzymes that are needed to generate acid in the stomach (Nexium, Gastrozol, Ortanol, Kontrolok);
• antibacterial - to eliminate bacterial infections (clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline);
• antihistamines - to eliminate allergic reactions (Suprastin, Loratadine, Zyrtec, Erius);
• adsorbents - for cleansing the stomach of toxic substances (activated carbon, smectite, Povidone, enterosorbent);
• analgesics - to eliminate the spastic (Analgin, Aydrink, Panadol, Piralgin, Fervex, Tsitramon);
• antipyretics - to stabilize the body temperature (Nurofen, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen).

The dosage and mode of reception of drugs determined by the attending doctor. Self-medication may lead to deterioration of health, transition forms an acute to chronic gastritis.

Treatment of acute gastritis in adults in hospital

Acute gastritis (symptoms and treatment in adults depends on the degree of clinical manifestations) in the absence of improvement of health of the patient requires close attention gastroenterologist.

In the conditions of a hospital doctor assigns a list of necessary laboratory tests, then assigned bed rest for 7 days and dieting №1. It is also recommended physiotherapy, physiotherapy, reception of medicinal mineral waters.

Diet in acute gastritis in adults

Compliance with the principles of diet in the development of gastritis is the basis for the further recovery of the patient. All meals are important to prepare the steam method, cook, stew, bake in the oven, for example, in a sleeve.

Calorie diet - 2800-3000 kcal. Eating is done 5-6 times a day, without overeating.

Nutritionists do not recommend to eat on an empty stomach, be sure to drink a glass of water or warm tea. In the presence of physical activity administered in the morning, more protein, try to avoid empty carbs, and use vegetable instead of animal fats.

Diet for gastritis with low acidity of the stomach

At low acidity of the stomach regenerate organ tissue under the influence of an insufficient level of acidity in it. As a result, the food is digested poorly, the body does not assimilate enough nutrients occurs heaviness in stomach, nausea, retching.

Determine the level of acidity by using urine or gastric intubation. To regulate the level of acidity is important before a meal to drink a glass of clean water Lightly. When you use food to chew each piece, ideally for lunch should be allocated at least 30 minutes.

The basic postulates with a diet with low acidity:

• excluding semi-finished products, spicy, salty, sweet, pepper, fried, fatty, acidic foods;
• introduce cooked diet of meat, fish everyday in the menu;
• fruits and vegetables necessarily thermally processed (quenching steam method);
• allowed the use of fermented milk products;
• use as a dessert puddings, jelly, jellies;
• of beverages - slabozavarennogo tea, mineral water, diluted juices, herbal teas.

After eating the food you need to rest at least 15 minutes, if possible take a position lying down or reclining.

Diet for gastritis with high acidity in the stomach

Gastritis with high acidity is important to reduce the activity of production of gastric juice, and for this remove from the diet, fat, meat with veins, fish with cartilage, radish, rye bread with bran, dried fruits.

Also it is necessary to abandon the products that stimulate the production of juice. This alcohol, caffeine, mushrooms, cabbage. Food shown to use in the form of heat, except too cold or hot dishes.

Authorized products with increased acidity:

• dietary meat - rabbit, turkey, nutria, chicken without skin;
• river fish - perch, pike, carp, perch, catfish;
• fat milk - goat, sheep, cow,
• egg protein;
• seafood;
• cereal - oatmeal, buckwheat;
  
• vegetables and fruits in the grated boiled skinless;
• herbal teas, tinctures of medicinal plants.

To reduce the acidity of gastric juice must be categorically avoided any fermented product, it is important to minimize the use of baking, sweets, to give up onion and garlic.

It is strictly forbidden to chew gum, conduct meal near the TV, for the reading of newspapers, books, avoid overeating. It is impossible to adhere to strict dietary program that contribute to the development of disorders of the digestive tract.

Approximate diet in acute gastritis

In acute gastritis is important to paint on the menu every day, to make a balanced diet, useful, nutritious and medicinal.

menu options for diseases of the stomach:

• breakfast - buckwheat porridge with milk / curd casserole with broth hips;
• lunch - baked apple or fruit jelly;
• dinner - milk porridge soup, steam fish, a portion of mashed potatoes and stewed fruit / vegetable soup, a piece of boiled meat, rice, a glass of juice;
• afternoon snack - a glass of yogurt, or a decoction of bran and sugar;
• dinner - boiled fish, rice pudding, green tea / potato zrazy slabozavarennogo cup of tea;
• bedtime drink a glass of milk.

You need to eat frequent, small meals and varied. Take drugs for 30 min. before or after 20 minutes. after a meal, to avoid further irritation of the gastric mucosa. Banned soft drinks, coffee, cocoa. Be sure to eliminate bad habits.

Juice therapy

Juice therapy with gastritis - an affordable, nutritious and delicious method of treatment of the disease. Drinks contain vitamins, minerals, trace elements that strengthen the immune system, improve the tone of the body and has a positive influence on the activity of gastric glands.

What juices are useful:

• with low acidity - pineapple, carrot, beet, peach (2 times a day 30 minutes before meal consumption, a portion of 50-70 ml);
• at high acidity - cabbage juice, potato, fresh green lettuce (100 ml once a day, can be diluted with honey or sugar).

In order to achieve positive results need to drink juice for at least 10 days or more. Treatment is carried out taking into account the individual characteristics of each organism. Will bring maximum benefits only freshly prepared drinks.

Folk remedies

Acute gastritis (symptoms and treatment in adults should be considered individually) lends itself to traditional methods of therapy. Its purpose - to eliminate the acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa. For this purpose, non-traditional ways to improve the patient's well-being.

Folk remedies for quick action:

• vegetable oils - drink pure 1 tablespoon vegetable or olive oil by burning sensation in the stomach;
• flax seeds - for preparing a beverage pour 2 tablespoons Seed 0.5 ml of water, a thermos and drink 100 ml in case of discomfort in the intestine;
• beekeeping products - to dissolve in a glass of water 2 tablespoons liquid honey, sips a drink for 30 minutes before a meal (composition rate can be taken up to 30 days);
• herbal infusions - to take one of the herbs peppermint, sage, chamomile flowers, St. John's wort, plantain, calamus root, dandelion, pour a glass of boiling water, leave an hour and take on a third cup 3 times a day;
• green tea - slabozavarennogo tea after ingestion, not more than 200 ml per day (preferably in the first half day, as caffeine can activate the nervous system, causing anxiety, insomnia);
• drink from the sea buckthorn - use of fresh or frozen berries, take 200 g of fruit sugar and 1 liter of water, insist 2 days in a dark place, filter and take 3 tablespoons infusion with a spoonful of honey every day;
• a piece of chalk - calcined chalk food in the pan, and then grind and take 0.5 tsp several times a day;
• eggshell - Clean the shell of the film, crush or grind in a coffee, take a pinch of the day to eliminate the discomfort in the stomach;
• aloe juice - If you experience heartburn in mix tank 10 ml of aloe juice and cranberry juice 100 ml, add 2 tablespoons honey and take 1 tablespoon on an empty stomach.

Cure for at least 10-14 days. Conduct self-control without a doctor is not recommended for the development of acute gastritis. Traditional methods are best used for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases.

Complications and forecasts

Improper treatment or complete absence acute gastritis results in development of gastric ulcer, atrophy form of the disease in which cells of the esophagus are replaced with scar tissue. Prediction - cancer, fatal.

However, the outcome of such an option is not necessary, because the gastritis is completely curable. It is important throughout life to adhere to the basics of prevention - to comply with sparing diet, get rid of bad habits, portion control meals eaten, to establish drinking regime to give up alcohol. In the event of violations of the gastrointestinal tract immediately conduct qualified treatment.

Acute gastritis in the absence of medical intervention becomes chronic, which complicates the process of treatment in adults and children. It is important not to ignore symptoms and promptly seek qualified help. In this case, the forecasts will be reassuring.

Author: LisovaKonfetka

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

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