Giardia in adults. Symptoms and treatment, folk remedies, ointments, herbs, drugs

Giardia in adults - a fairly common problem among patients of different age. Symptoms of the disease are not immediate, and the treatment should be started in a timely manner, in order to avoid complications. To eliminate the disease used several methods, which together bring a good effect.

The causes of disease

Giardiasis is a parasitic disease human digestive tract, in which it penetrates giardia. The causative agent is a unicellular parasite that is very active in favorable conditions.

In nature, there are two forms of the pathogen - cysts and trophozoites. First actively proliferate, causing the symptoms of the disease. Second perform a protective function and prevent the deleterious effects of digestive enzymes on trophozoites.

There are many causes which lead to the penetration of the body lamblia. The main route of transmission - the fecal-oral. With the feces of an infected person enters the pathogen into the environment and spreads rapidly. Can be infected food and water products.

The main causes of diseases are the following:

• Eating unwashed vegetables and fruits.
• Failure to observe personal hygiene.
• The use unboiled water from dubious sources.
• Frequent contact with infected people.
• Swimming in water bodies that have not been tested for the presence of intestinal parasites.
• Accommodation in unsanitary conditions.

As a result, one or more reasons is penetrated into the body lamblia and development of serious disease.

Risk factors

Giardia in adults, symptoms and treatment which should be addressed with a specialist, can penetrate into the body of patients who are at risk. These are people whose professional activity is associated with agricultural activities. They often come into contact with contaminated food, which increases the likelihood of infection giardiasis.

Immunocompromised patients are also more likely to suffer from the disease, since the body is not able to withstand pathogens. Patients who do not have the habit of washing hands before meals, are more susceptible to giardiasis. In addition, frequent access to the public swimming pools can cause disease. People who prefer to relax by the water bodies, giardiasis suffer several times more often.

Patients at risk is recommended to pay more attention to personal hygiene to reduce the chance of infection.

classification of diseases

In international practice, there is no uniform classification of giardiasis. But doctors divide it depending on the severity of the condition and associated abnormalities. Most mild considered lyamblionositelstvo. At the same time there are no symptoms, but can infect other people without even knowing it.

The intestinal form of the disease is very common. In this case, the parasites live in the intestines, symptoms of the disorder appear, as well as signs of disorders of other organs.

Hepatobiliary form is considered the most severe. Even at penetration lamblia in the intestine, they quickly fall into the bile ducts and liver, causing severe damage to the body. Symptomatology develops rapidly, the patient's condition worsens, complications develop.

Concomitant giardiasis typically occurs in a hidden form, that is, acts as a co-morbidity. Not only intestinal disease may be accompanied by giardiasis, but also a common allergic reaction affecting the skin, is often combined with the carriage of parasites.

The latter type of the disease is difficult to detect, so it is considered the most dangerous to humans.

disease symptoms

Giardia in adults may not be apparent for a long time. No symptoms, the patient is dangerous to others, and the treatment is complicated, because the parasites multiply and affect all large bowel area.

The incubation period after infection lasts approximately 3 weeks, sometimes longer if the body relative to a healthy immune system and combats parasites. A few weeks later the first signs of the disorder, usually occurs in the form of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

At the initial stage the patient is talking about pain in the navel or right side of the abdomen. As the agent of the disease is most often localized in the small intestine, the symptoms associated with this part of the digestive tract. At an advanced stage of the disease become paroxysmal pain, vomiting and accompanied by vomiting.

When the use of food the patient says that he can not even eat a small portion of the full, because they are constantly feeling of fullness. After eating there is heartburn and burping, unpleasant taste in the mouth. Discomfort after meals causes the patient to avoid meals, decreased appetite or disappears.

As a result of the power failure mode change occurs chair. In most cases, patients concerned about constipation, but possibly the development of a liquid chair. A clear sign of the defeat of not only the colon, but the liver, gall bladder - steatorrhea.

Condition is a deviation, wherein in the stool of the patient there is a large amount of fat. This indicates a serious malfunction of the entire digestive system.

However, not every patient has a symptom. In the absence of liver disease symptoms chair normally liquid and foaming, it is replaced constipation. Such alternation occurs with involvement of the colon process. In addition to steatorrhea, with the defeat of Giardia liver observed in the right upper quadrant pain and bitterness in the mouth.

Additionally, there are disorders of the skin as its low yellowness and itching. In this case the patient is disturbed digestion, appetite deteriorates and discomfort progression state increases.

In chronic giardiasis all the symptoms are mild, but gradually in the body is changing. Developing colitis, enteritis, and cholecystitis. Disease worsen the overall condition of the patient, but the reason is not always accurately detected. Additional common symptoms can distinguish weakness and decreased performance. Patients talk about frequent headaches, drowsiness and apathy.

With long-term course of the disease not only affects the organs of the digestive tract. The patient may develop asthma, a severe allergic reaction. Giardiasis often provokes inflammation of the large joints.

Laboratory research

Giardia in adults (symptoms and treatment of the disease are often linked) are detected by means of several diagnostic procedures. Standard scheme involves taking blood from a vein for clinical and biochemical research.

The latter is important because it helps to detect disorders of the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. However, the most important method of diagnosis is considered to be a study of stool through the scatological diagnostics.

What the analysis shows

Coprological study represents one of the most effective methods for diagnosis of giardiasis, wherein the stool sample is studied in the laboratory to detect cysts.

The result shows not only the presence or absence of pathogens of giardiasis, but also other features necessary for diagnosing the disease. Expert evaluates the consistency, color and odor wt. In addition, he points out impurities in the form of fiber, not processed foods, as well as mucus.

When steatorrhoea specialist immediately notes the admixture of fat in the stool. Additionally, you may receive the blood.

When the prescribed study

Diagnosis is assigned not only suspected of being infected with giardia.

Specialists use it in other cases:

• Digestive disorders unspecified etiology.
• Yellowness of the skin in the absence of other symptoms from the liver and gall bladder.
• Frequent constipation alternating with loose stools.
• Regular indigestion.
• Heaviness in the stomach after ingestion of any food.
• Frequent heartburn, indigestion, belching.
• Routine detection in stool pieces of food.
• The appearance of the symptoms of colitis, enteritis or gastritis.

In each case, scatological study considered an important diagnostic step to identify the true causes of violations.

How to prepare for the study

Special training is not required to the investigation. Doctors do not insist on a change of diet before collecting biological material. Only recommended to eliminate irritating foods, spicy and sour dishes, which can affect the consistency of the stool.

In addition, do not use products that contribute to gas formation. These include black bread, plums, cabbage. Should not be used in a lot of fresh vegetables and fruits. It is better for a few days before collecting the material use of cereal, low-fat soups, steamed vegetables.

4-5 days before diagnosis prohibited from taking laxatives, as well as enzymes and preparations containing iron. They can also affect the outcome.

How does the biomaterial fence

Giardia in adults (symptoms and treatments often disturb patients who notice any wrongdoing on the part of the digestive system) are found quite simply. Fence material the patient carries on their own at home.

You only need to collect the fresh feces morning. For this it is necessary to prepare a special sterile container, the lid of which there is a small spatula. After emptying bowel patient takes the container and gently shovel gathering a small amount of feces. For the diagnosis of only 10 g, but it is better to score at least '20

After that, he carefully closes the container and sent to a lab where the material reserves, as well as the direction of the pre-eminent physicians. If the patient at the time of sampling is being treated in a hospital, a fence is conducted in a similar manner.

How to wait for the study results

Depending on the workload of the laboratory staff research result can be obtained within 2-4 days after the deposit of the biological material. Sometimes the diagnosis is longer, due to the discovery of several species of parasites in the feces.

How much is a study where they spend

Scatological diagnosis is carried out in private and public hospitals. For the study does not require special reagents and equipment, so it is common and available

In the public hospital the patient will need only to buy a container to collect the material, diagnosis is free. In a private clinic study cost ranges from 200-300 rubles. depending on the region.

treatment of the disease

To eliminate the symptoms of the disease using medications and prescriptions of non-traditional medicine in combination with diet. Application of several ways provides a complex effect on the body.

medicines

Treatment of the disease involves the use of multiple medications from different groups to provide an integrated feedback and quickly achieve a therapeutic result.

The most common tools are the following:

• antiparasitic agents (Metronidazole, Albendazole) impact directly on the parasites, inhibit their activity violate the metabolism, which leads to the death of Giardia. Appointed by short courses of 5-7 days. Usually this time is enough to kill parasites. The dosage is determined individually, but usually prescribed 1-2 tablets per day. These drugs are considered to be very toxic, so self-administration is extremely undesirable.
• enzymatic means (Mezim, pancreatin) to help normalize the process of digestion, which is necessary for patients with giardiasis. By receiving funds disappear regurgitation and heartburn, normal stools. Must take 3 times daily, 2 tablets. Duration of the course is different, but the standard scheme involves the use of medications for 2 weeks.
• antiallergic agents (Zodak, Suprastin) appointed times. Since increases in several times with giardiasis likelihood of developing allergic reactions. Tools help block the histamines, the substances that trigger the development of allergy. You must take 1 tablet daily at bedtime for 2 weeks.
• Bile means on the basis of animal bile (Allohol, Holenzim) typically contain dried component which has a pronounced effect and prevents stagnation in the duct and gall bladder. Assigned when hepatobiliary diseases shape when affected liver and gallbladder. The course of treatment lasts for at least 4 weeks, is necessary to take 1 tablet, 3 times a day.
• hepatoprotectors (Essentiale, Lesfal) used when running giardiasis, when there is a change of the liver cells and their replacement by connective tissue. Help restore the functioning of the body and prevent further progression of the condition. Typically, a patient is prescribed the capsule must take at least one month at 2 units 3 times per day. If it is impossible to use the oral drug form used solutions for administration intravenously. In 5 ml per day administered drugs, previously dissolved in 5 ml of patient's blood. Course duration of 10-14 days.
• probiotics (Linex, Bifiform) are always used, help to normalize the intestinal microflora. A few days after the start of the patient chair is adjusted, attenuated pain in the small intestine. In addition, bloating and flatulence occurs much less frequently. Duration of drug - from 7 to 14 days per day to be taken 1-2 capsules.
• detoxification facilities (Enterosgel, Polisorb) are assigned to eliminate signs of intoxication. Such a condition develops when running giardiasis, when the body is poisoned by food parasites of life, and frequent constipation only exacerbate the situation. The dosage of the drug in each case is different. Typically, funds are sold with a special measuring spoon or cup, which are labeled for easy application. To use drugs must be not less than 10 consecutive days.

After finishing the treatment the patient can assign immunostimulating agents and vitamin complexes for recuperation.

Folk remedies

Giardia in adults (symptoms and treatment of a condition considered to be a common problem among adults, especially in the summer) may be treated with folk remedies.

Do not expect an instant result and full recovery, because even the most effective drugs can not destroy the parasites. But experts note that the use of natural resources helps to normalize the flow of bile, digestion and improve the overall condition of the patient.

• Tincture based on garlic and horseradish - a popular remedy against giardiasis. To prepare it simply: it is necessary to grind prepurified horseradish root and chives, to separate 25 g of each ingredient and place in a container made of glass. Thereafter, the mixture must be filled with 500 ml of vodka, leave for 7 days infusion. The mixture can take the strain and in the morning and evening for 1 h. l. before meals. Duration of the course - 10 to 20 days depending on the state of neglect. Such customization is strictly contraindicated in patients suffering from acute diseases of the stomach and duodenum.
• Pumpkin seeds - the most common means for the destruction of the parasites in the intestines. In order to achieve a therapeutic effect, it is important to use only fresh seed. The day will need a handful of seeds, which should be consumed on an empty stomach. After that, it is important not to eat for 2 hours. Repeat manipulation of at least 10 consecutive days.
• Water infusion based on tansy It is also considered a good remedy for parasitic infection. Cook it can be from 1 tbsp. l. dry herbs and 300 mL of boiling water. Infuse medication needs 20 minutes, then filtered and taken to 120 ml, 2 times a day. In this case, should not be combined with the reception of infusion of food consumption to ensure maximum therapeutic effect on the intestine.
• oatmeal broth not only helps to fight giardia, but also improves bowel, eliminates constipation and other unpleasant symptoms. To prepare it simply: 2 liters of water need to 300 g of oat flakes, cooking must be at least 5 min. After this filtered broth and take a 250 ml 3 times per day. The duration of the treatment course - from 7 to 14 days.

Any folk remedy may be used only after consulting a specialist, and identification of the causes of violations.

diet therapy

In order to facilitate digestion and stool normalization, as well as the prevention of complications is recommended to stick to the diet.

Authorized products	prohibited products
buckwheat groats	Milk
Rice porridge and corn	Oats, wheat, barley porridge
Mashed potatoes without butter, boiled potatoes in their skins	Fried potatoes, mushrooms, fatty meats
Wafer biscuits, crackers	Meats, including fish
Soup water or low-fat chicken broth	Pickles and pickled vegetables, salted fish
Dairy products	Confectionery
Steamed vegetables and baked fruit	White bread, pasta, sausages

As for drinks, you should pay attention to the cranberry juice and fruit compote. Should not drink strong coffee, tea and soda. Absolutely contraindicated use alcohol.

Approximate daily menu should include a healthy and light dishes. For breakfast you can consume rice porridge, bread and butter, black weak tea.

Lunch should include first and second courses. The first can be cooked potato soup without addition of fried onions and carrots. As a second approach buckwheat dishes, as well as a bit of cooked chicken meat. You can drink tea or juice.

Dinner should be light. One can use a cup of yogurt with wafer cookies, or vegetable stew, steamed. Portions should be small, overeating only aggravates the condition. In each case, the diet is made individually, the patient adheres to it for at least 6 weeks.

Prognosis and complications

With proper and timely treatment, the prognosis for a patient-friendly. It is fully restored, the effects observed in exceptional cases.

In chronic disease complications occur almost always:

• Acute intoxication, disruption of not only digestive but also the nervous system.
• Liver disease, cirrhosis and liver failure.
• Colitis, enteritis, ulcerative lesions of the bowel.
• Peptic ulcer, gastritis.
• Cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia.

These complications require surveys and long-term treatment. Giardia in adults - a fairly common problem, provoking severe symptoms requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. When signs of disease should consult a doctor immediately.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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