Opisthorchiasis adults. Symptoms and Treatment. Folk remedies, medications, clinical recommendations without hospital

The danger of parasitic diseases that even an adult who used to pay attention to their health, can not guess what had happened infection. One among such diseases - opisthorchiasis sometimes occurs without distinct symptoms. Late detection of infection means that the treatment will be carried out of time, and it threatens to various complications.

What kind of disease opisthorchiasis

Opisthorchiasis - a disease resulting from penetration into the organism parasitic trematode worms. The disease can occur very hardly, causing malfunction of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Infected with helminths in use salted, raw, dried, fried bad (-welded) fish.

The causative agents of disease opisthorchiasis

Pathogen opisthorchiasis in Russia - cat (Siberian) fluke. It is a flat-fluke worm, the larvae of which goes a long way of development, living in an environment that, in the intermediate host. Definitive host for the parasite becomes mammal - animal or human.

The second (and last) intermediate host in metacercariae (worm larvae) - freshwater fish. When a person eats contaminated fish, worms enters into his body. The worm his way to the liver and bile ducts, to live in them. It attaches its suckers to the internal organs of the host and begins to feed on blood and epithelial cells.

Approximately one month after entry into the human body the larvae become sexually mature and start the production of eggs. The length of the biggest flukes up to 20 mm, width - up to 4 mm. Another pathogen opisthorchiasis Squirrel considered a fluke, but it does not occur in Russia, the area of ​​its habitat - South-East Asia.

Opisthorchiasis adults (symptoms and treatment of the infection will be discussed below) will not disappear by itself - the worms do not voluntarily leave the body, due to which there are. It helps only special therapy using chemicals that are toxic to the worms.

diagnosis opisthorchiasis

For accurate diagnosis of a clinical picture is not enough. Diagnose infestation, using multiple research methods. This laboratory tests, MRI, duodenal intubation, ultrasound, computed tomography.

Differential diagnosis opisthorchiasis

If you suspect a opisthorchiasis differential diagnosis in order to make a correct diagnosis, rule out other diseases with similar clinical picture.

laboratory diagnosis

The list of required laboratory studies presented:

• A common blood test - Research carried out in cases of suspected acute opisthorchiasis. At this time, blood eosinophil count increased.
• Biochemical analysis of blood. It keeps track of a number of indicators, one of which - the level of bilirubin (its increase may indirectly indicate the presence of worms in the body).
• ELISA reaction, whereby protivoopistorhoznye detect antibodies in the blood of infected patients. The method is valid at the most acute opistorhoze.
• PCR diagnostics. Another modern method that ensures high reliability. It helps to identify the DNA of the helminth.
• Analysis of feces. With the help of this method is not always possible to detect parasite eggs, even if opisthorchis present in the body.

Symptoms of acute opisthorchiasis adults

Opisthorchiasis in adults, symptoms and treatments which require the intervention of a specialist, has its incubation period. Its duration - 2-4 weeks (in rare cases can reach up to 6 weeks). Signs of acute opisthorchiasis manifest early on, which lasts from a few days up to 2.5 months.

Symptoms are not always pronounced. For example, many people who have long lived in troubled regions, there is an immunological tolerance to parasitic antigen - the immune system does not respond to an alien invasion. Identify the infection can be accidentally spending laboratory blood tests.

But often at the early stage is characterized by the following symptoms:

• Fever. The temperature rises to high elevations or within several weeks kept at subfebrile level. sharp temperature spikes can occur.
• Intoxication and its consequences. Patients marked weakness, pain in joints and muscles, poor appetite, fever.
• Rashes on the body, which remain on the skin for 5-10 days.
• allergic reactionsProvoked intoxication: rash, angioedema, impaired myocardial function.
• Liver damage: Body magnification varying intensity pain, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, at least - diarrhea, flatulence. In most cases - the destruction of liver cells.
• Diseases of the respiratory tract: inflammation of the lining of the nose, redness of the throat, bronchitis, pulmonary infiltrates. Against the background of the inflammatory process is often observed coughing.

The disease occurs in one of 3 forms:

• easy;
• average weight;
• severe.

In mild observed increased to + 38 ° C temperature, fatigue, headache, and weakness. In acute opistorhoze average gravity temperature rises to + 39 ° C, are nausea, rash, diarrhea, joint pain.

For severe form is characterized by severe intoxication, malfunction of the digestive system. Affected the central nervous system. It is possible the appearance of complications (eg, myocarditis).

Symptoms of chronic opisthorchiasis adults

Late stage disease - chronic opisthorchiasis - can proceed latent for many years. In this period is often marked by a comparative improvement of health. Temperature readings return to normal.

But many patients later stage appears as:

• pain in the gall bladder, liver;
• flatulence, nausea, heaviness in the intestine;
• allergic reactions (rash, reaction to food, pruritus, angioedema);
• joint pain;
• nervous exhaustion;
• fast fatiguability;
• sleep disturbance;
• tremor;
• headache;
• confusion of speech;
• the development of related diseases (pancreatitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, DZHVP).

Opisthorchiasis regimen in adults

Opisthorchiasis adults requires an integrated approach. Treatment is aimed at the removal of pronounced symptoms and deal with the consequences of intoxication, on the immediate destruction of worms and their rapid clearance from the body. Particular attention is paid to rehabilitation measures.

treatment stages:

1. Preparatory. Length: 1.5 to 3 weeks. During this period, the patient may prescribe cholagogue preparations. To establish the digestive organs, are discharged enzymes and pharmaceutical agents that stimulate the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. To eliminate intoxication - sorbents. To restore the liver - gepatoprotektory. If developed a bacterial infection, antibiotics are drinking. Allergic manifestations removed via antihistamines, antispasmodics used spasm.
2. Deworming. The dosage and duration of the course the doctor will determine for each patient individually.
3. Rehabilitation. The use of drugs that help the body recover after treatment.

In the appointment of treatment into account the age and health of the patient, the degree of infestation with worms.

drug therapy

Basic drugs used for getting rid of opisthorchis - biltricid Azinoks and with the active substance praziquantel.

These drugs are very toxic, cause poetomumogut various side reactions:

• dizziness;
• nausea;
• rashes and more serious manifestations of allergy;
• convulsions;
• myalgia;
• fever;
• weakness;
• diarrhea;
• increased sweating;
• abdominal pain;
• increased intracranial pressure;
• vomiting.

You can not self-appoint themselves these drugs - incorrectly matched dosage will cause significant harm to health.

Recipes folk remedies

Opisthorchiasis adults (symptoms and treatment drugs have been described above) sometimes try to treat people's methods. As a rule, the effectiveness of these agents has not been proven. Improper use of some of them may even harm your health.

Experts are not advised to replace pharmaceutical (chemical) preparations of natural substances - not completely cured condition can go in the acute stage of lead to complications. Use folk remedies better during the rehabilitation period - this will help consolidate the positive effect after the spent drug therapy.

By the proven natural substances only applies aspen bark. On the basis of its extract have been established, and Supplements Ekorsol Populina.

Also use homemade tinctures and decoctions from the bark of aspen:

• To take broth 50 g of bark is ground it to a powder, and pour 500 ml of water. Bring to the boil and boiled for 10 min. Poured the broth into the thermos and pushing at least 3 hours, then filtered, allowed to cool. Drink small sips of 2 5 times a day. Course - 3 weeks. A month later, repeat the treatment.
• For tinctures need 500 ml of alcohol (95%) - it is filled shredded bark (5 Art. l.). Liquid insist 14 days in a dark place. Periodically take out container with the infusion and shaken. Drink for 1 h. l. before meals - three times a day. Course - 3 weeks. A month later, means spending on drink again.

Another natural ingredient to fight opisthorchis adults - birch tar. It is drunk by adding milk. Lack means - the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients.

The treatment regimen is as follows:

1. Day 1 - 2 drops of tar for 1 hour. l. milk;
2. 2-5 Days - previous dose increased to 2 drops (in the 2 nd day - 4 drops, 5 th - 10 drops);
3. 6-9 days - each subsequent dose reduced by 2 drops (in the 6-th day - 8 drops, in the 9 th - 2 drops).

By popular antiparasitic agents include lime ash. To prepare it, burn the branches linden. The resulting powder was eaten immediately thereafter drink the warm milk (100 ml). The course of treatment - 4 days. The first 3 days means taking twice a day (morning and evening) for 1 hour. l. On the 4th day of the ash eat 1 time - in the morning. Re-treatment can be carried out in 2 weeks

Treatment continues in the evening of the 4th day, but not the ashes, and choleretic herbs - they will help to bring parasites from the body. For these purposes fit cranberry leaf or tansy, you can also use ready-cholagogue preparations. Drink herbal infusion 14 days, three times a day.

Diet therapy. Example menu for the week

During and after treatment is necessary to follow a certain diet. This period can last from several months to 2 years - expert determines the timing of diet therapy alone.

Patients do not eat:

• roasted, salted, spicy, canned, fatty, smoked food;
• bone soups, meat, fish or mushroom broth;
• severely limit the use of sugar;
• exclude from the diet of some vegetables and fruits, alcohol, river fish.

Permitted cereals and vegetable products include:

• pasta;
• yesterday's bread, biscuits, dietetic bread;
• cereal (oatmeal, cream of wheat, buckwheat, millet, rice);
• bran;
• dried fruits;
• parsley, dill, celery;
• Peking cabbage and broccoli;
• tubers (potatoes, carrots, beets)
• cucumbers;
• green beans;
• pumpkin;
• Bulgarian pepper;
• zucchini;
• seaweed;
• sweet apples, bananas, watermelon, pomegranates - in small numbers;
• vegetable oil (refined) - no more than 15 grams per day.

Of animal products consumed:

• lean meat (beef, poultry);
• lean sea fish;
• not much fatty cheese and sour cream (in small amounts);
• skim cheese;
• yogurt, yogurt with a minimum percentage of fat;
• butter - 30 g per day;
• egg white - as welded or omelet (daily rate - 2 protein).

From drinks and sugary foods are allowed:

• Dog rose decoction;
• Chamomile infusion;
• stewed pureed;
• non-acidic fruit drinks and jelly;
• weak tea;
• honey (no more than 20 grams a day);
• sugar (about 10 g per day);
• jelly;
• cookies, candies and marshmallows (without chocolate) - in a small amount;
• marmalade.

the following products should be removed from the diet:

• Fresh bread, biscuit cakes;
• pancakes and fried cakes;
• corn and barley porridge;
• sausages;
• meat products;
• canned food (fish, vegetables, meat);
• ryazhenka and other dairy products with a high fat content;
• salty cheese;
• seeds and nuts;
• garlic, onions and chives, spices;
• radish;
• eggplant;
• corn;
• white cabbage;
• radish;
• sorrel;
• asparagus;
• sugary juices, carbonated beverages;
• coffee and its substitute - chicory;
• alcoholic beverages;
• cocoa;
• chocolate;
• condensed milk;
• pastry cream;
• sauces and additives to dishes (mayonnaise, mustard, ketchup, horseradish).

Sample menu for 7 days is presented in the table below:

Days of the week	Breakfast	2nd breakfast	Dinner	afternoon snack	Dinner	Eating 2 hours before bedtime
Monday	Buckwheat porridge with pieces of butter, tea with honey	An apple or a banana	Vegetable Noah soup, rice with broth Noah fish, fruit compote	Chamomile infusion, cookies	Boiled or steamed vegetables with a piece of boiled chicken and tea	Low-fat yogurt
Tuesday	Oatmeal, low-fat cottage cheese, tea	Dried fruit, tea	Vegetable Noah soup, rice with a piece of boiled beef, fruit drink	Broth hips, cookies	Mashed potatoes with boiled fish, tea	Low-fat yogurt
Wednesday	Oatmeal with milk, 1 egg white, tea	Dried fruits, chamomile broth	Soup with vegetables E and noodles, boiled mashed potatoes with chicken or turkey, mors	Low-fat cottage cheese	Boiled or baked fish with vegetables, a salad of grated beets with low-fat sour cream, tea	Pudding, cookies
Thursday	Buckwheat porridge with butter, a piece of boiled beets, tea with honey	Baked apple or dried fruit tea	Vegetable hydrochloric soup, pasta, boiled beef, compote	Broth hips, savory biscuits	Mashed potatoes and a piece of boiled fish, tea	Low-fat yogurt
Friday	Rice pudding, cheese sandwich, tea	A banana or an apple	Soup with vegetables E and PEYRELEAU howling barley, broth hydrochloric potatoes with steam boiler fish one compote	Low-fat yogurt	Boiled chicken with steamed vegetables, tea	Pudding, cookies
Saturday	Oatmeal, 1 egg white, tea	Dried fruit, tea	Vegetable soup or milk, buckwheat chicken, compote	Chamomile infusion, cookies	Boiled potatoes, chicken cutlet steam, tea	Low-fat yogurt
Sunday	Semolina and buckwheat, grilled cheese, tea with honey	Baked apple	Vegetable hydrochloric soup, mashed potatoes with a piece of boiled fish, compote	Dog rose decoction	Boiled vegetables with chicken, tea	Pudding, cookies

In addition to proper nutrition, focusing on drinking regimen - Patients should drink at least 2 liters of water per day.

The rehabilitation phase of treatment in adults opisthorchiasis

Rehabilitation after medication includes the following procedures:

• reception eubiotics to restore the intestinal microflora;
• purification of the liver and bile ducts via tyubazh (for their use xylitol, mineral water, magnesia, sorbitol);
• laxatives drugs for constipation, or irregular stool;
• choleretic use of natural resources;
• gepatoprotektorov reception.

Complications and consequences opisthorchiasis adults

Opisthorchiasis in adults, symptoms and treatment which have already been addressed, often leads to complications and unwanted effects, especially if the treatment was carried out properly or not timely. Develop pathology and on the background during the late stages of helminth infection - chronic opisthorchiasis.

Among the serious complications release:

• peritonitis;
• liver abscesses;
• empyema of the gall bladder.

Opisthorchiasis consequences - the emergence of the following serious diseases:

• pancreatitis;
• cholecystitis;
• cholangitis;
• hepatitis A;
• gastritis and peptic ulcer;
• primary liver cancer;
• pancreatic cancer, gallbladder.

Clinical doctors' recommendations

During treatment opisthorchiasis should:

• to stop the development of pathological processes in the body;
• avoid complications, recurrences;
• prevent the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

The patient began to recover, if:

• The laboratory blood studies show normalization of all parameters and disappearance inflammation and stool tests (carried out in particular after 4 months after treatment) - the absence of helminth eggs;
• establish the work of the intestine;
• temperature dropped to normal values ​​were observed temperature surges for 3 days;
• disappearance of clinical signs of organ damage, which is inhabited by parasites;
• the liver was reduced to its former size, began to recover;
• missing signs of intoxication.

If you have symptoms, evidence of infection opisthorchiasis should immediately consult a specialist to be diagnosed as early as possible to begin treatment. Adult patients, performing all the doctor's recommendation, can finally get rid of worms and restore the functioning of internal organs.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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