Monocytes are increased in the adult in the child's blood, what does this mean for women. Reasons analysis on monocytes, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, neutrophils

Monocytes belong to the large cells of all leukocytes. They are important for fighting viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms. Increased concentration of them in children and adults, most often point to the development of various pathological processes in humans.

What is the monocytes, their role and function in the body

Monocytes - a kind of white blood cells. From the total volume of white cells, they are 2-10%. These immune corpuscles circulate in the bloodstream for 2-3 days, and then enter the tissue and become protective cells.

Monocytes protect the body from viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections.

They kill microorganisms absorb foreign particles removed dead cells and enhance the immune response. However, along with this, they can participate in the development of certain diseases, such as inflammatory lesions of the joints, or blood vessels.

Table of monocytes in the blood norms age

Indicators of monocytes in humans can vary by age:

Age	Monocytes%
minimum performance	maximum performance	average values
Up to 1 month	5	15	10
2-12 months	4	10	7
2-6 years	3	10	6.5
7-12 years	2	10	6
12-18 years	2	9	5.5
over 18	3	11	7

These values ​​are an average healthy person, they can change, and due to this way of life, the time of day and the reception of various drugs.

What tests will help determine the level of monocytes

To learn indicator of monocytes in the blood formula, the doctor recommends hand over the clinical analysis of blood. It gives a complete picture of the health of the person. Other indicators leukocyte have significance only in the diagnosis of certain diseases.

If a person has a serious infection, these indicators are also rising. That indicators are accurate, 8 hours is necessary to exclude food and 24 - alcohol. Emotional burden and stress can also affect the outcome analyzes.

Reasons for the increase of monocytes in children and adults

Elevated levels of monocytes in adults and children is called monocytosis. It is not a single disease, but rather relates to the investigation of pathologies in humans.

Monocytosis manifested in diseases:

• haematological tumors (leukemias or lymphomas);
• infections (viruses, tuberculosis, bacterial endocarditis, syphilis);
• autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma);
• sarcoidosis;
• cancer (breast, ovarian, colon);
• myocardial infarction;
• HIV infection;
• severe pneumonia;
• childbirth;
• alcoholism;
• obesity;
• depression.

In addition to diseases, increased concentration of monocytes in the blood formula, may indicate a carry-forward infectious disease. This indicates that the immune cells continue to work to protect against viruses, fungi and bacteria.

infection

Infections are the most common causes of monocytosis. This is due to the emergence of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi in the body with which the immune system begins to fight. The bone marrow produces a large number of monocytes that kill harmful microorganisms.

Monocytes increased in adult and child in diseases such infectious nature:

• catarrhal diseases;
• dysentery;
  
• flu;
• HIV infection;
• tetanus;
• measles;
• syphilis.

There are other infectious diseases that may provoke monocytosis. This intestinal, respiratory and skin infections that affect the organs or systems of the human body.

Mononucleosis

Mononucleosis - a disease that most often affects children, and is accompanied by an increase in leukocyte counts in the blood. This condition is dangerous because it can go in nasopharyngeal cancer or other diseases. The emergence of the disease occurs when air-borne or blood-borne.

The beginning and during mononucleosis accompanied by symptoms:

• temperature rise;
• nasal congestion;
• headache;
• throat pain and redness of the tonsils.

Over time, if you do not start treatment, may appear more severe symptoms, which include:

• mononukleoznaya rash;
• increase in size of liver and spleen.

A blood test shows mononucleosis, if high levels of monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils and basophils. This condition requires immediate treatment, because there is a possibility of complications.

Children's infectious diseases

Monocytosis the child may result from infectious disease patterns. Such pathologies suffer mostly during childhood. After treatment, there is a strong immunity that persists throughout life.

To the children's infectious diseases, increases the concentration of monocyte include:

• rubella;
• mumps;
• chicken pox;
• whooping cough;
• measles.

All these diseases are caused by infectious bacteria that infect the body. In response, the immune system begins to produce an additional amount of monocytes to deal effectively with pathogenic bacteria.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis - a pathological condition that is triggered by infectious bacteria. The high level of monocytes in this pathology occurs only at later stages of the disease.

In the first clinical trials of figures may not deviate from the norm. This is the difficulty of diagnosis of this disease.

However, sometimes TB bacteria can act non-specifically. In some cases, the level of white cells may increase by 10-20%. If the primary hard developing tuberculosis, the leukocytes rates are falling.

vermin

Monocytes are elevated in adults and children, if there is a probability of the existence of parasites in the human body. First of all, it is justified enhance the action of the immune system. The bone marrow produces a large number of white cells to fight off parasitic microorganisms.

The presence of parasites in the human body is not accompanied by any symptoms, but blood formula shows an increased concentration of monocytes.

The main pests that raise the level of monocyte include:

• helminths;
• protozoa;
• ectoparasites.

These parasites live at the expense of the owner and are regarded as enemies of the immune system. Therefore, the protective cells are trying to destroy them, and helps the bone marrow produce monocytes.

Chronic infectious inflammation

Monocytosis can also be caused by persistent infections. Chronic inflammation become a cause of changes in leukocyte counts. Man for a long time may not notice any symptoms, but blood tests may be abnormal.

To chronic inflammation, which can trigger an increase in the number of monocytes, are:

• herpes;
• shingles;
• cytomegalovirus infection;
• pappilomy;
• chlamydia.

Usually chronic inflammation lasts for months and do not have an acute onset of the disease. However, from the early days of inflammation the body produces an increased number of monocytes, which is indicative of the presence of pathology.

autoimmune diseases

Because the autoimmune diseases, the body's own cells perceives as enemy, it produces an increased number of monocytes. However, autoimmune inflammation, occurring against the background of the destruction of healthy cells, can not always be accompanied by an increase in the number of monocytes. All figures are dependent on the general state of the organism and its immunity.

For autoimmune diseases include:

• lupus erythematosus;
• scleroderma;
• rheumatoid arthritis.

If the immune system is active, it produces a great number of white cells to fight pathogens. However, in the case of weak immunity, monocytes concentration may decrease.

hematological disease

Blood cancer lesions are often accompanied by the transformation of the blood. Tumors in kroveobrazuyuschey system perceived safety cell as the enemy, as a result of increased all parameters of leukocyte formula.

By oncohematological group of diseases include:

• leukemias;
• lymphoma.

In addition to increasing the number of monocytes in hematologic diseases and their concentration may decrease. This is due to the action of nonspecific tumor cells.

Malignant tumors

Analysis of blood - an important study for the diagnosis of cancer. Typically, malignant tumors, monocytes concentration increases as the immune system includes protection mode. However, the rate may fall on the contrary during a bone marrow cancer. This is due to a weak immune response and failure in the bone marrow.

Monocytes are elevated in adults, if present in the body, such cancers:

• stomach cancer;
  
• ovarian cancer;
• lungs' cancer;
• cancer of the adrenal glands;
• breast cancer;
• colon cancer.

Increased rates of monocytes may indicate the presence of cancer, so it is important after the analysis to see a doctor for further diagnosis and understand the cause of divergence from the norm.

intoxication chemicals

Poisoning chemicals strongly affect the composition of human blood. At the time of intoxication will change not only the WBC, but also other blood parameters, such as lymphocytes and erythrocytes. The number of monocytes in the blood is reduced, since the immune system is blocked.

The most commonly encountered chemicals that cause poisoning with changes in the blood:

• detergents and cleaners;
• shampoos;
• vinegar;
• cosmetics;
• ammonia;
• pesticides;
  
• paints.

Most often, it is children who suffer intoxication. In case of poisoning needs urgent medical attention.

The reasons for increasing rates among women: menstruation, pregnancy

The content of monocytes in women is generally higher than that of men. This is due to monthly blood loss during menstruation. Also, there is a psychological factor: women are emotional men and nerve bursts may be the cause of increase of monocytes.

WBC women can vary under the influence of the menstrual cycle:

1. During the follicular phase, the number of monocytes can be lower than usual, since there is a detachment of the endometrium, and the woman loses a part of the blood.
2. Ovulation is characterized by increased performance to normal levels.
3. During the luteal phase, the number of monocytes increases as the body is being prepared for detachment and re endometrial blood loss.

During pregnancy, the blood can change, so its performance standards for pregnant women. Typically, an increased level of monocytes in this period is not accompanied by any symptoms. The immune system activates the power to pregnancy and fetal protection. May differ from the normal on 2% (norm for pregnant women from 1 to 11%).

Symptoms increase of monocytes in women, men

Symptomatology increased amount of monocytes is dependent primarily on the underlying disease. Since high levels of white blood cells - a clinical score, not a disease, it can be accompanied by symptoms of the root causes. However, there are unusual cases where the increased rate may not have symptoms.

Since the immune system begins to fight off viruses and bacteria, the main symptoms may be similar to symptoms of the common cold:

• weakness;
• temperature rise;
• headache.

These common symptoms accompany most infectious diseases with increased levels of monocytes.

Additional diagnostics: analysis on lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, neutrophils

The CBC once included such indicators as lymphocytes, neutrophils and ESR. These data allow the doctor to diagnose more accurately and treat.

The deviation from the norm of two or more indicators that suggest the presence of pathological changes in the body:

1. Changing the concentration of monocytes and lymphocytes show, first of all, about the nature of the bacterial infection.
2. Expectoration of normal ESR and monocytes characteristic viral and autoimmune diseases.
3. Excess neutrophils and monocytes may be the cause of the fungal infection.

When serious diseases in the body, usually, there are several variations in the blood formula. For each disease has its own characteristics change.

Methods for normalization level monocytes

Monocytes increased from an adult or child, more often if there is any disease. Therefore, for the normalization of the physician should assign the treatment of the underlying disease. If the reason for the deviation was the nature of the bacterial infection, the complex treatment includes the use of antibiotics.

With regard to viral or parasitic losses, it is assigned an antiviral or antiparasitic treatment, respectively.

In the case of cancer and autoimmune diseases therapy aimed at the underlying disease. During pregnancy, increased monocyte levels due to strengthened immune system. During pregnancy, the WBC does not require normalization, since it is considered a physiological condition. After birth, the normal values ​​are restored.

Prevention monocytosis

To avoid elevated levels of monocytes, you must follow the doctor's recommendations for treatment of the underlying disease.

Also to monocytosis prevention methods include:

• abstinence from alcohol;
• exercise regularly;
• losing weight if overweight and obesity;
• intake of omega-3 fatty acids;
• reduction in consumption of meat in the diet.

These simple ways to prevent not only help to prevent an increase in monocytes, but also prevent many diseases.

Forecast specialists at elevated monocytes

Forecast at elevated monocytes primarily depends on their causes. If underlying disease is an infection that competent therapy can completely cure and reduce performance.

In case, if the root cause of the deviation indicators became oncological disease cure It depends on many factors such as disease stage, age or related diseases. In women, changes in the level of monocytes can occur under the influence of pregnancy or in different menstrual phases.

Monocytosis is not a disease and therefore do not require special treatment. Therapy, especially, should be aimed at addressing the root causes. Preventive methods monocytosis carry a healthy lifestyle, avoiding harmful habits, proper diet with a reduced content of the meat, as well as the treatment of any infection.

Monocytes can be elevated in adults and children during the infectious diseases of viral, bacterial or fungal nature. In addition, variations in leucocyte count may indicate the presence of cancer or autoimmune diseases.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of monocytes increased adult

Analysis of blood monocytes, which are: