Low hemoglobin. Causes and consequences, how to improve the adult, the child at the breast, women, pregnancy, men. Drugs, folk remedies, food menu

Low rate of hemoglobin - an alarming symptom, the causes of which need reliable clarification. specific protein level determines the breathing process by which the body is supported by vital functions, and the consequences of gas exchange abnormalities may be irreversible.

Preventing the development of hypoxia and functional failures in the work of all bodies of the system, require immediate exploration of possible ways to improve and maintain it within the normal range.

Determination of hemoglobin

Hemoglobin - a particular protein responsible for vital processes of any organism, breathable oxygen. It not only delivers oxygen to each cell, but also transports waste natural breathing process, evacuating the carbon dioxide on the way back.

Without hemoglobin, supplying the necessary components of the cell, it can not be the normal functioning of all body systems. Function removing decomposition products formed during the respiratory cycle, is the second, not less important aspect of the presence of specific complex iron-containing protein.

Without his body's vital functions it would have been virtually impossible.

Low hemoglobin, causes and consequences, how to improve its level - all this is cause for urgent action and alarm to the doctor. This figure - the cause of many malfunctions, development of hypoxia and anemia as a consequence of insufficient oxygen supply.

A negative impact on overall health, the deterioration of brain activity and memory, weakness and decline disability - for all this is responsible unique natural compound protein from class chromoproteins. His terminological designation formed by the merger of the Greek root αἷμα, means in the blood and the Latin globus ball.

hemoglobin function in the human body

Hemoglobin in the human body has three main functions, when it is in the usual state. For their full of blood levels of iron-containing protein should be stable.

Excess and deficiency of protein compounds have a negative impact on the implementation of the gas exchange necessary for the normal functionality of all organs and systems, because hemoglobin has such responsibilities:

1. oxygen supply function of tissues and systems: from pulmonary alveoli it transports oxygen obtained during inhalation;
2. evacuation function of processing waste from remote areas to the light: giving borne oxygen, carbon dioxide and connects back to the alveoli where the changes brought by the new batch of waste obtained during breathing oxygen;
3. transporting function: inextricably linked with the buffer: turning the capture oxygen in strong acid, and when it is exchanged for carbon dioxide - in rather weak organic Hemoglobin acts as a buffer systems of the body, maintaining and regulating acid-base balance.

Negative causes and consequences of low hemoglobin are not limited to respiratory and buffer function, although the latter is the most powerful of the available naturally in the body.

How to raise or lower it to normal levels - a precondition stabilization also due multiple functions that the protein performs in the transformation:

• in the form of oxyhemoglobin and transports oxygen provides life processes, transforming it into a form capable of immediate interaction;
• turning to deoxyhemoglobin, and attaches the other molecules of the tissue releases the toxic wastes;
• both methemoglobin, is connected to the toxic substances and removing them from the organism;
• becoming carboxyhemoglobin, evacuating the carbon dioxide towards the lungs, where it is deduced from the respiratory system during expiration

It is impossible to overestimate the role of hemoglobin in the body: the absence of oxygen a person can not exist.

Deficiency of iron-containing protein leads to the development of numerous pathologies, and is a consequence of negative processes. To prevent their development, it is necessary to identify the causes that served as the emergence gemoglobinodefitsita in a particular system.

Causes of hemoglobin deficiency in women

The reason for the fall in hemoglobin levels could be any negative processes in the human body:

• wrong way of life (power without the necessary components, trace elements and vitamins. physical and emotional exhaustion, bad habits, lack of physical activity, sleep deficiency, anoxia, stressful situations);
• severe infectious and viral diseases, parasitic and bacteriological invasion;
• chronic diseases of the digestive system or digestive system in general;
• respiratory diseases, leading to lack of oxygen in organs and systems;
• disruption of the endocrine system (hypothyroidism, hormonal disruptions, diabetes);
• autoimmune diseases that lead to development of systemic diseases and disturbance of the cycle life of the organism as a whole;
• hematopoietic disease or circulatory system;
• oncological processes, malignant and benign.

Characteristic for the female body causes low hemoglobin may be natural state in the reproductive or menopause, and biological effects of such cycles. From the solutions how to increase protein and sometimes depends on the prevention of death.

So, reduces hemoglobin:

• the passage of the menstrual cycle in a pathological (a long and plentiful) current;
• genera performed operation, cesarean section, miscarriage, abortion;
• exacerbation of hemorrhoids, or diseases of the digestive system, accompanied by oozing blood;
• polyps, tumors, cysts, fibroids, adenomas and other negative processes in the female reproductive system;
• hereditary and autoimmune diseases;
• and bacterial infections of:
• emotional and mental disorders. accompanied by persistent impairment of normal life activity (depression (postpartum depression), panic attacks, anorexia, persistent neurosis).

Causes of hemoglobin deficiency in men

Any endocrine disease, urogenital, respiratory or digestive system may also lead to a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the male body. It is less prone to the emergence of protein deficiency and due to the lack of specific processes, accompanied by menstrual bleeding, and because of the characteristics of the floor, is the inability to bear and give a birth to a baby.

For men, characterized by the development of iron-containing protein deficit in the background:

• chronic pathologies of the digestive system;
• chronic infectious processes (pulmonary tuberculosis, or pneumonia in the acute form);
• autoimmune diseases involving suppression of red cell antigens;
• pathological processes in the digestive tract, liver or kidney failure, heart disease and circulatory system, triggered by autoimmune disorders;
• severe bleeding on the background of trauma or undergone surgical operations;
• permanent blood loss in the body (e.g., bleeding gums);
• lack of certain nutritional components (vitamin B12, meat, rigid adherence to a diet or chronic malnutrition, which caused the depletion).

Low hemoglobin, causes and consequences, how to increase or decrease its level - all these are factors that can depend not only on the individual but also on the gender and age categories.

Causes of hemoglobin deficiency in children

In children, particularly hemoglobin deficit formed on special principles typical for a certain period.

They can be due to external pathologic effects:

• allergic factors;
• effects taking certain medications;
• infectious diseases;
• profuse blood loss due to trauma or surgery;
• severe or prolonged helminthic invasion;
• the result of a sedentary lifestyle or lack of nutrition;
• chronic nosebleeds or menstruation with abundant oozing of adolescence in girls.

low hemoglobin rates in childhood, their causes and consequences, real opportunities, how to improve, and can be due to:

• benign or malignant anemia (haemolytic, vitaminodefitsitnoy, iron);
• hemophilia and malfunctions hematopoietic system;
• Crohn's disease and other congenital anomalies of the digestive system;
• tumors and leukemia;
• violation iron digestibility liver diseases (hepatitis);
• autoimmune diseases, hereditary pathologies

In children, deficiency can trigger hemoglobin and active growth of the child, in which the body does not have time to make up the components necessary for the full development.

Causes of hemoglobin deficiency during pregnancy

The main cause of deficiency during pregnancy is the pregnancy itself:

• formation of the placenta, and increasing circulation;
• Forming Organs formed fetus, the mother selects necessary for the development of the iron;
• the addition of fetal weight and an increase in its needs, together with its increase;
• rearrangement pregnant body to a new level, with higher energy consumption;
• presence of progesterone and prolactin up to 3 trimester suppressing intestinal peristalsis and preventing the absorption of iron.

Changes in a woman's body on a background of fetal development, and may be exacerbated by the presence of pathological factors specific to general the occurrence of hemoglobin deficiency symptoms: poor nutrition, hereditary or chronic diseases, fatigue, or emotional overexertion.

Risk of reduced hemoglobin in children

In childhood, hemoglobin deficiency leads to various complications options:

• Prolonged deficiency of hemoglobin leads to the involvement of all organs and systems;
• It occurs at the initial stage of brain hypoxia and cardiovascular system;
• when a shortage of long-term iron-containing protein comes pathology of the urinary system and the kidneys are affected;
• there is a weakening of the immune system, the formation of which in childhood is just beginning;
• lowered suction capacity of the mucous membranes of the digestive system, which reduces the digestibility of nutrients, weight loss and growth, slowing the development level;
• appearing skin and vascular disease caused by abnormal epithelial formation and coating layers;
• disturbed liquid excretion from the body, appears anomalous swelling, increased liver;
• against the backdrop of slowing physical development, reduces the level of intelligence and the degree of emotional response.

Not the elimination of hemoglobin deficiency can lead to the formation of irreversible effects: hypoxic coma, heart failure, and as a consequence - death.

Risk of reduced hemoglobin in adults

In adults, insufficient presence of the iron-containing protein is usually the result of pathological processes and manifests scenarios 2 - dystrophic and asthenic. For asthenic characterized by fatigue, drowsiness, dizziness, seizures, hypotension, and increased heart rate.

Degenerative causes negative symptoms in the form of:

• dry skin, brittle nail plate and hair loss;
• cracking epithelial integument and mucous membranes;
• disorders gustatory and olfactory functions;
• fever;
• lethargy, apathy, decreased emotional sensitivity, often mental disorders.

Manifestation of hemoglobin deficiency may be indicative of malignant blood diseases, anemia, malabsorption of iron, gastrointestinal diseases, serious malfunctions of the immune or endocrine system, autoimmune diseases involving the loss of red blood cells or heavy worm infestations.

Risk of decrease in hemoglobin during pregnancy

Gemoglobinodefitsit during pregnancy leads to:

• gestosis (edema, increased blood pressure, abnormal liver function and water-salt balance);
• intrauterine growth retardation due to functional failures in the mother;
• the emergence of the risk of premature birth;
• enhance the probability of premature detachment of the placenta.

Avoid the negative effects by only monitoring hemoglobin levels during gestation.

Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia

IDA symptoms may vary, depending on sex and age, but it can be diagnosed by the following features:

• pathological condition of the skin, nails, hair, mouth, mucous membranes, tongue;
• muscle weakness, and the weakening of the sphincter, lethargy, swelling and fatigue, drowsiness;
• digestive disorders, alopecia atrophy of the esophagus and stomach
• decreased resistance, susceptibility to disease, low degree of emotional response, constant feeling of choking, poor zazhivaemost damage the skin.

Blood analysis for the determination of hemoglobin

To determine the level of hemoglobin in the blood analyzes shall be:

• glycated - for the diagnosis of diabetes;
• free - a blood test for hemoglobin using specific reagents or gasometric colorimetric methods for determining level;
• Fetal - from infants to diagnose blood disorders.

Measurement of hemoglobin alone

Diagnose a lack of hemoglobin can be of the external signs of iron deficiency anemia, and confirm its presence in the home will help a special test strip, which is sold in any pharmacy.

The rate for men, women and children, during pregnancy

Norma men	Norma women	The norm in children	Norma in pregnancy
- 12-18 years: 130-160 g / l	- 15 -18 l: 115-155 g / l	- 0-1 d: 135-140 g / l	1 trimester - 112-160 g / l;
- up to 1 m: 100-200 g / l
- 18-60 years: 136-177 g / l	- 19 - l 64: 120-160 g / l	M -1-2: 100-180 g / l	2 trimester - 108-144 g / l;
- 2-6 m: 105-140 g / l
- 60 liters or more: 124-149 g / l	65 or more - 117,0-160,0 g / l	- 0.5-2 g: 105-135 g / l	3 trimester - 100-140 g / l.
- 2-6 x 115-135 g / l
- 6-12 l: 115-155 g / l

During pregnancy decreases hemoglobin levels especially in the 3 trimester because fetal development It reaches a considerable size, and the increased needs of the child is taken away from the mother more and more gland.

Diagnosing diseases with low hemoglobin

The level of hemoglobin can be determined by common blood test.

In case of low rate, diagnostic activities are depending on the presumptive diagnosisEntailing a reduction in the amount of protein:

• anamnesis, palpation of internal organs, examination of mucous membranes and skin;
• fibrogastroscopy proctologist and inspection;
• examination by a gynecologist if patsient- woman;
• MRI or CT;
• additional tests for the diagnosis of pre-installed;
• a blood test for tumor markers.

Traditional treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Principles of treatment of iron deficiency in the body are to:

• establishing provoking factor;
• Corrective reasons which caused the occurrence of iron deficiency;
• restoring normal levels of drug therapy;
• normalization of the level through diet, motor activity, and lifestyle changes.

If the provocation is irreversible, are appointed by therapeutic measures to help improve the quality of life and its renewal.

Drugs that increase the hemoglobin

Appointment of drugs is carried out with regard to the nature of the existing pathology:

• intravenous iron;
• an injection of vitamin B, if the anemia is caused by the lack of it;
• Totem drugs, and Fenyuls Ferretab, Sorbifer, Maltofer, replenishes the level of iron supplement ascorbic acid to optimize digestion (the course of treatment may last for several years);
• Pregnancy iron supplements can be part of special vitamin complexes, which are prescribed by a doctor;
• the other medicines prescribed, depending on the underlying pathology of a provocateur, and determine its nature and stage of development.

Blood transfusion against iron-deficiency anemia

Blood transfusions are administered in anemia if hemoglobin indices fell below 60 g / l. This means that a person is between life and death, and there is simply no other way. Immediately after the treatment the patient's condition improves, the hemoglobin index increases.

ethnoscience

Increasing levels of hemoglobin occurs by means of infusions and decoctions:

• wormwood;
• leaves and roots of strawberry;
• young nettles;
• the roots of dandelion and burdock;
• aloe leaves and honey.

Homemade recipes for raising hemoglobin

• mixture of carrot juice, beet, lemon, honey and brandy;
• the same mixture of juice and juice with Cahors garlic;
• garlic tincture on alcohol;
• mixture of honey and nuts or nuts and cranberry raisins;
• rosehip tea or black currant.

Increasing hemoglobin special diet

Diet - a prerequisite of treatment of anemia, it includes high-calorie foods, rich in vitamins and minerals. In less severe cases, a full diet of hemoglobin deficiency is sufficient to restore normal.

Products to increase hemoglobin

• vegetables and fruits;
• beef and liver;
• fish and caviar;

• buckwheat, beans, soybeans;
• berries and pomegranates.

recommended menu

In anemia in the patient menu must be present cereal and red meat, dairy products and liver, fish, fruit juices, salads of grated raw vegetables, dried raisins, dried apricots, nuts, cream and other foods with high calorie.

Prevention of iron deficiency anemia

To prevent anemia you need to:

• properly and fully fed;
• to lead a healthy and active lifestyle, give up bad habits and often visit the open air;
• timely medical examination and discovered treat disease;
• to monitor the level of hemoglobin and fill it with the help of vitamin complexes.

Low hemoglobin - a dangerous condition, pose a threat to human life. If you do not respond in a timely manner - the causes and consequences can be irreversible, but knowing how to boost the protein content, the negative consequences can be avoided.

Videos about the symptoms of low blood hemoglobin and how to improve

Methods for determination of low levels of hemoglobin, the main symptoms:

How to increase hemoglobin: