Human organs. Location in pictures with inscriptions, photo from the back, left side, right side, front. The functions of the body systems, most necessary for life. Table

Each student in biology class, anatomy, or simply was interested in the device of his body looked human bodies with the location in pictures and detailed inscriptions. Each of them has its functional purpose, aimed at ensuring the vital activity of the whole organism.

Norms of human organ size

human bodies (the location in the picture with an inscription presented below) are much easier to read, but maximum information about the internal structure of the organism can be obtained from the data table, said below.

bodies	men	Among women
Weight, g L	Length, cm	Width cm	Height, cm	Weight, g L	Length, cm	Width cm	Height, cm
Brain	1500	17-18	14-15	11-13	1400	16-17	14-15	11-13
Heart	300	9-10	10-11	4-5	280	9-10	9-9,5	4-5
Spinal cord	From 28 to 29	46	From 28 to 29	46
Stomach	2.7 l	22	1.9 l	22
Lungs	380-560	28	17-18	10-11	340-495	28	17-18	10-11
Liver	1700	20-22	24-28	7-9	1700	20-22	24-28	7-9
kidneys	330	12-13	6-7	4-5	296	12-13	6-7	4-5
gallbladder	9-28 ml	4-15	4-4,5	9-28 ml	4-15	4-4,5
Ureter	28-31	0,5	28-31	0,5
testicles	From 27 to 49	5-6	3-3,5	3-3,5
Prostate	20 to 30	2,5-4	3,5-5
Uterus	From 35 to 120	9-10	6-7	4-5
Spleen	170	11-13	8-9	4-5	190	11-13	8-9	4-6
Pancreas	From 90 to 120	25	4	3	From 90 to 120	25	4	3
Pituitary	0,7-0,9	1	0,7	0,7-0,9	1	0,7
Thyroid	From 30 to 40	6-8	4-5	2-3	From 30 to 40	6-8	4-5	2-3
Adrenal glands	From 9 to 13	5-6	3-4,5	1	From 9 to 13	5-6	3-4,5	1
Appendix	5 to 9	10	5 to 9	10

Due to the individual characteristics of each person, the influence of hereditary factors, physiological rate development, hormonal, internal organs of these parameters may deviate slightly in one direction or another side.

In general, the information given shows the average rates on the weight and size of the vital organs of the human body.

The list of necessary for the enforcement of life

Every organ and system are essential for normal development, the flow of metabolic processes and life support. Still emit the following list of internal organs, which is considered by the basic and necessary for man, because in case of their absence, death will come in a matter of seconds:

• heart;
• lungs;
• liver;
• kidney;
• intestines and stomach;
• thymus;
• Bone marrow;
• The lymph nodes;
• blood;
• plasma;
• pancreas;
• lymph.

In the case of reducing the operability of at least one of the above organs in man immediately deteriorating general condition, the body temperature rises, there are signs of pain, there is a lack of energy, dizziness, feeling of lack of oxygen, loss of appetite, or else eaten food not fully digest.

Description of the brain

The internal volume of the brain most adults is 95% of the total capacity of the cranium. The weight of the body can vary from 1250 to 1600 cubic meters. cm.

The total number of parts of the main body of the thinking person the following:

• medulla;
• epofiz;
• ventricles of the brain;
• cerebellum;
• hindbrain, which acts as a connecting bridge;
• diencephalon;
• choroid plexus;
• midbrain;
• the front part body consisting of two hemispheres.

If all of the above departments to share a portion of the brain, the electromagnetic human body are classified into 3 large area, namely:

• the brain stem;
• left and right hemispheres;
• cerebellum.

It covers the entire body surface of a thin layer of the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for psychic the activities of the human body, as well as the stable functioning of the central nervous system. The average thickness of it on the left and the right hemisphere of 2 to 5 mm.

The central part of the body

human organs (the location in the pictures shows the detail labeled with body structure) in the central part of the body:

• esophagus, which ensures the supply of food for further digestion in the intestine;
• stomach where digestion of food takes place;
• lungs, the organism responsible for the saturation of a sufficient volume of oxygen;
• bladder and excretory duct, which are located on the center, but only in the lower body;
• the vagina, the clitoris, the ovaries, the uterus in women are reproductive organs of the reproductive system;
• inner ear, from which the goods are not processing audio signals received from the environment with subsequent transfer to the centers of the brain to process information;
• penis, testicles and the prostate gland in men, which is not possible without the synthesis of healthy sperm;
• thyroid gland, which is located right in the center of the neck between the top of the chest and throat;
• diaphragm, which separates the peritoneal cavity and thorax;
• spinal cord, which runs the entire length of the spine, being located right in the center of the trunk.

Trachea, performs the transport function, bringing to light a vital amount of air is also located in the center, has its base at the end of the larynx. If we consider the anatomy of the oral cavity, the tongue, being fast with the body of the regeneration cell, also located in the central part in relation to other parts of the body.

The left side of

Location rights bodies represented in the pictures with the words, give the idea that the left side of the body are located:

• pancreas, Which is an integral part of the endocrine system;
• spleen, which is considered the largest lymphoid organ such as taking an active role in the formation of the protective function of the immune system cells;
• intestines, where the absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract received during a meal;
• left kidney, breast, ear, eyeball;
• heart, which is the strongest muscle of the human body, providing room circulation and remain stable rhythm.

Most organs are located on the left side, protected by a skeletal frame or bone tissue. Eyeball, ear, breast are external bodies, so have the lowest degree of protection against external environmental factors, which makes them more vulnerable parts injury.

Right part

human bodies (the location in the picture with an inscription shows that where there is) on the right side of the human body:

• liver, fabric which play an important role in the assimilation of fats as well as perform the filtering function, preventing intoxication;
• gallbladderWhose operation is synchronized with the activity of the liver, which in total ensures a stable process and normal digestive human being;
• right kidney, eyeball, breast;
• appendicitis, which is located in the lower abdomen on the right.

human bodies are on the right side, play an equally important role in the life of the organism. working capacity decrease of even one of them entails a deterioration of the general state of health, loss of appetite, the occurrence of pain.

Interesting fact that appendicitis, which most people consider useless part of the body, takes an active part in the formation of a strong immune system.

Location in pairs

Such human organs, like the heart, stomach or liver, are presented in a single name.

At the same time nature has endowed the body paired internal organs, which are:

• kidney located on the left and right sides, providing blood purification of toxins, metabolic products, removal of harmful substances with urine during urination;
• lungs, which is separated into left and right part (each part of the body has a pair of separate branches bronchial tree, which makes it possible to maintain the functionality of tissue even after removing them part);
• thyroid, consisting of two lobes, responsible for the production of hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine;
• prostate in men, located in the pelvic floor, the upper part of the body of the pair is in close close near the back wall of the bladder and the lower lobe near the rectum close to the anus;
• testicles, inside the scrotum, which are part of the male reproductive system.

Pairing these human organs due to the high demand for the organism in their functions.

If part of the tissue is damaged by disease or mechanical trauma, it will allow the body to maintain its performance and maintain the vitality of the body, but without the critical loads.

thoracic cavity

human bodies (the location in the picture with an inscription displays detailed information) in the chest have the following functions:

• heart - ensures the stability of the arterial and venous circulation, keeps synchronous rhythmicity, maintains the pressure in the vessels, whose parameters are optimized 120 80 tonometer units;
• lungs - paired organ, filling the body with oxygen;
• bronchi or bronchial tree - airways, the purpose of which is to deliver vital gas to the lung tissue;
• trachea - windpipe, which is a primary portion, by which the oxygen supply;
• dense muscle of the diaphragm gypsy-type, acting as a natural barrier between the abdominal cavity and the thoracic space.

This is a comprehensive list of bodies, which are located inside the chest. All of them are protected by bone tissue, so that even at high static compression or impact to minimize damage to their tissues.

Abdomen

After separating diaphragm muscle located organs inside the abdominal area, namely:

• stomach - performs the function of digestion, produces gastric juice, is performing initial breakdown of food into useful substances;
• gallbladder - accumulates a bile, without which the digestion of fats of vegetable and animal origin;
• pancreas - endocrine organ that produces digestive enzymes and hormone insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels;
• liver - considered the largest gland with external secretion, perform a huge number of functions, including filtering, energy, digestion, accumulation of vitamins A, D, group B the production of cholesterol and hormonal substances involved in processes hematopoiesis;
• spleen - lymphoid gland located at the left side of the abdomen, which is responsible for the synthesis of circulating lymphocyte destroys old or damaged red blood cells and platelets, blood deposits, is actively involved in the process of hematopoiesis in the fetus during pregnancy;
• jejunum - smooth muscle body with a hollow structure, which is involved in the intestinal motility, got its called "skinny" because of the fact that this part of the digestive tract was always during anatomical studies empty;
• kidneys - participate in uropoiesis, regulates the chemical homeostasis, as well as purify the blood from toxic compounds;
• pancreas - located on the left side just behind the rear wall of the stomach, is involved in digestion, provides the body the hormone insulin, which keeps the level of sugar in the optimal range regardless of the quantity of eaten sweets;
• ureter - a hollow body that looks like a flexible tube with a diameter of 5-8 mm and a length of 25 to 30 cm (the bladder and connects cavity kidneys, urine flows from elaborated);
• duodenum - is at the beginning of the small intestine, being located immediately after the stomach perverse, participates actively in system, digestion and assimilation of food eaten (received its name for a length which is about 12 finger pointing finger);
• adrenal glands - endocrine gland pair type, which are placed directly above the kidney membrane, are involved in metabolic processes in the human body, soften perception of stress, helping to adapt to new environmental conditions, due to the body the ability to synthesize hormonal substances corticosteroids.

All of the above bodies are essential for the activity of the human body. Despite this, they are considered the most vulnerable to injury and other mechanical damage, since their closing layer of muscle fibers and the skin surface of the abdomen. Protective frame made of bone, as is the case with the organs of the chest - no.

Male Reproductive System

The reproductive system of men is presented in the form of a set of internal and external organs that have different functions, but in combination are responsible for the propagation and production of viable sperm.

There are sexual organs, such as:

• testicles - two pairs of glands placed in the scrotum leather, contain thousands izvivistyh ducts, which are formed inside the spermatozoa involved in the fertilization of the ovum women;
• ejaculatory duct - originates from the epididymis and is designed to eject germ cells at the time of ejaculation of semen;
• prostate - is responsible for the selection of a special secret, namely the seminal liquid without which it is impossible to preserve sperm viability;
• penis - the penis of a man who in its structural unit is a hollow tubular body (urethra is inside for diversion and cavernous body, which at the time of sexual arousal filled with blood, and there is erection).

If all of these sexual organs work without violations, are not infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic diseases, the man is able to lead an active sex life, to enter into an intimate relationship and play progeny.

The female reproductive system

In women, reproductive system is arranged much more complicated than that of the male half of the population, and combines the following agencies currently:

• small and large labiaWhich are located at the entrance to the vagina, protects internal genital organs from the negative impact of environmental factors;
• vagina - a hollow organ of the reproductive system, which is located between the labia and cervix, receives the male seed, and after gestation serves birth canal;
• ovary - located in the pelvis, the function of the external and internal secretion by synthesizing the female hormones, as well as eggs which are subsequently fertilized seed of a male;
• uterus - reproductive organ within which held the development of the embryo from the moment of conception until the formation of high-grade child, capable of the birth and life under ambient conditions;
• pipe faloppievy - the function of this part of the female reproductive system is the elimination of the mature egg into the uterus to sperm could carry out its fertilization.

The clitoris, which is also a part of the female reproductive system consists of the same cells as the male penis. In moments of sexual arousal it likewise fills with blood and increases in size. It contains a large number of nerve endings, making it very sensitive to palpation.

Nervous system

Central and peripheral nervous system of a person is a holistic set of nerve endings that interconnected, coordinated by the brain centers and, together with the endocrine glands regulate all work body.

There are the following features of the nervous system:

• versatility, which is expressed in the ability to perform simultaneous motor, sensory activities, as well as the regulation of the internal organs;
• increases heart rate in conditions of danger, to provide a more intense mobility of the whole body;
• It increases blood pressure and decreases depending on external factors;
• takes part in the control of the temperature regime of the person;
• It indicates the necessity of synthesis of substances of hormonal endocrine glands.

Without the presence of the human nervous system would not be able to respond to external stimuli, to feel the cold and the heat, feel touch, feel emotion, to walk, and generally live the normal life, to which the majority of residents are accustomed to the globe.

Genitourinary system of man

This part of the human body consists of the following internal organs, each of which has its functional purpose and features, namely:

• urethra in men by 5-8 cm longer than that of women, which minimizes the risk of infectious diseases as cystitis and urethritis;
• representatives from the female half of the population of the urethra is used only for the discharge of urine, and men through him stand out sperm and seminal fluid;
• proximity of the urogenital organs of women with respect to the anus increases their risk of infection with pathogens that requires careful personal hygiene;
• human bladder has a high degree of elasticity and can accommodate up to 2 liters.

The main feature of the urogenital system in men and women is that they are able to perform a large number of features designed to diversion of urine and procreation. This is especially true of male urogenital organs.

Digestive system

Human digestive system is presented in the form of the following elements and its sections, each of which provides absorption, digestion and assimilation eat foods:

• oral cavity and jaw apparatus;
• pharynx, where the ingestion of food takes place;
• esophagus, transporting eaten;
• stomach;
• liver and gallbladder, with its channels;
• thin, straight, downward, blind, sigmoid, thick ascending, transverse, thin, ileum;
• pancreas and its channels, which arrive enzymes and hormonal substances;
• appendix.

The final element is the human digestive system anal opening through which the body are derived from biological waste, as the final product digestion. digestive system has a completely closed loop, which works flawlessly, but only if the health of the tissues of the digestive tract.

Circulation

The process of the circulation of blood through the veins and arteries of a person is based on the following mechanisms and features:

• venous pressure in vessels is practically absent and close to zero;
• difference in blood pressure in the arteries and veins is achieved by the rhythmic activity of the heart, which has a synchronous operation;
• heart muscle pumps blood from the veins into the lumen of the arteries.

The most interesting feature of circulation is that the upper blood pressure generated by the impact of the heart, when it emits a stream bloodstream. Lower blood pressure - is the result of the host of the heart muscle in a relaxed state, which lasts for a split second.

The lymphatic system

The branched portion of the vascular system, which plays a key role in the purification of cells and tissues of the body from toxic substances. Unlike human lymphatic circulation process system is not equipped with a central pump.

Characterized by the following characteristics and features:

• lymph formed as a plasma filtration product in blood cells;
• on channels it moves slowly and at a very low pressure;
• transports lymphocytes;
• takes part in the allocation of infectious microorganisms and pathogenic cells that pose a threat.

It is believed that the lymphatic system - a sewage circulationBecause its very fluid collects waste products of a blood cell, it absorbed derived viruses, bacteria, fungal organisms, toxins, free radicals.

glands

Most agencies have a glandular structure, are part of the endocrine system and are involved in hormone production, namely:

• thyroid;
• epiphysis;
• paraganglia;
• parathyroid;
• the adrenal glands;
• the thymus;
• pituitary;
• pancreas.

Sex glands in men presented testes and female ovaries perform similar functions. Ferruginous bodies provide a sufficient amount of human hormonal substances, that is necessary for all systems.

Any human organs with the location in pictures and detailed inscriptions are more convenient for perception, so it is advisable to carry out the study of human anatomy, using the illustrated diagram. It is important to remember that all systems and departments are interrelated. In the case of reducing the operability of one body suffers the whole body.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video of the human body, its structure

Facts about the human body: